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25 July 2015, Volume 36 Issue 7 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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Impact of knowledge transfer on innovative performance of the alliance enterprises by taking strategic flexibility as a mediating factor Zhang Hongbing 2015, 36(7): 1-9.  Abstract ( 1141 )   PDF (1KB) ( 1309 )   To uncover how knowledge transfer affects innovative performance of the alliance enterprise, this paper puts forward a series of hypotheses among knowledge transfer, strategic flexibility and innovative performance of the alliance enterprise by reviewing relevant documentations. 301 valid questionnaires conducted tothe alliance enterprises in North China (e.g. Tianjin, Shanxi) were analyzed by taking structural equation model based on the maximum likelihood estimation. The results of this study show that knowledge transfer can significantly improve different strategic flexibility (resource flexibility and capability flexibility); the innovative performance of the alliance enterprises is positively affected by capability flexibility but negatively affected by resource flexibility. Interestingly, knowledge transfer can still positively affect the innovative performance of the alliance enterprises although it is distracted by the negative conduction of resource flexibility. This study promotes the correlation theory research and offers a new guidance for the innovation practice of the alliance enterprises. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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A study on the diffusion mechanism of business models based on the Epidemic Model Wang Yanyu, Xie Wei 2015, 36(7): 10-18.  Abstract ( 1057 )   PDF (1KB) ( 1401 )   The diffusion of business models is a significant phenomenon with limited theoretical explanation. This paper proves the appropriateness of the Epidemic Model on the diffusion of business models, and proposes the diffusion mechanism and hypotheses by using the simulation and case study methodology to test the hypotheses. The results show that the bigger the size of innovation source, the stronger the system dynamic is and the longer the equilibrium time; the infection rate and recovery rate can affect the diffusion speed and equilibrium structure; and the difference between the two ratios is influenced by the nature of business models. The results fill the gaps on business model and innovation diffusion and provide suggestion for enterprises and the makers of national enterprise policies. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Knowledge diffusion evolution mechanism in scientific innovation networks Liu Xuan, Li Jia, Chen Zhigao, Zhang Pengzhu, Fan Jing 2015, 36(7): 19-27.  Abstract ( 1045 )   From the social capital perspective, knowledge diffusion in the innovation network is essentially social exchange among inventors. Individuals in scientific networks have a choice in selecting knowledge that is recombined to solve problems or produce new innovations, relying on their interpersonal networks. And this selecting process is influenced by the status of scientists. This research used four social network analysis methods (degree centrality, Bonacich Power, structural holes and betweenness centrality), investigated different knowledge diffusion characteristics (knowledge diversity, random diffusion and parallel duplication) behind those SNA methods, and proposed knowledge diffusion hypothesis in scientific networks. Using CSSCI data span from the years of 1998-2011 in the knowledge management field in China, we examined the temporal relationship between individual status and knowledge diffusion using the COX Proportional Hazards Models. The results showed that individuals occupying boundary spanning positions and having more collaborators played the most important roles in the knowledge diffusion process in this field. And the primary knowledge diffusion in this field was achieved by parallel duplication through team collaboration, and recombination of diversity of knowledge from different scopes or teams. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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An analysis on the evolution path and hot topics of open innovation based on the view of scientific knowledge map Xia Enjun, Song Jianfeng 2015, 36(7): 28-37.  Abstract ( 1373 )   Citespace II is used to do the knowledge map analysis to all the open innovation research literature collected in the Web of Science database, with which time and space distribution, co-cited reference and co-word knowledge maps are made to analyze the distribution, change trends and hop topics in the field of open innovation. The study results show that: (1) British and American scholars have led the open innovation research, and Chinese scholars' researches in this field are improving steadily, which can follow closely the international front; (2) there are three main developing trends in the open innovation research: the diversity of research objectives, empirical study is replacing case study as the main research methods and the innovation interaction through online communities is becoming the research mainstream replacing the technology trading and cooperative R&D between the enterprises offline; (3) the relationship between open innovation model and enterprises' performance, the R&D cooperation and technology transactions based on the innovation networks, knowledge governance of open innovation and the application of open innovation with users participation are four hot topics of the open innovation research. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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A study on the relational contract of knowledge trading among members in the supply chain based on the perspective of cooperative innovation Chen Wei, Zhang Xumei, Song Han 2015, 36(7): 38-48.  Abstract ( 1054 )   Based on the perspective of cooperative innovation in the supply chain, the double moral hazard in knowledge trading among members resulted by the intangibility and unverifiability of their resources input will hinder the smooth progress of knowledge trading. Aiming at the above-mentioned problem, formal contract and relational contract of knowledge trading are designed with principal-agent theory, and then the incentive effects of contracts are analyzed. The conclusions indicate that the formal contract cannot motivate their contribution in knowledge trading effectively; the transfer quantity of knowledge trading and innovation income of supply chain under the relational contract are not less than that under the formal contract for all discount rate; the incentive effectiveness of the relational contract is getting more obvious with the increase of discount rate. When the discount rate reaches a certain threshold value, the optimal resources input and innovation income can be achieved through relational contract. At last, the effectiveness of the conclusions is verified through numerical examples. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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An empirical analysis on the influence factors of enterprise technological innovation choice in China Yu Zipeng, Wang Jinzhao 2015, 36(7): 49-55.  Abstract ( 1079 )   PDF (1KB) ( 1220 )   According to Schumpeter's technological innovation theory and existing research results, the determinants of enterprise technological innovation choice include external factors such as fiscal and financial factors etc., and internal material, system and spirit factors which comprises corporate culture. By analyzing data from questionnaires, postulating and testing the hypotheses, the results show that improvement of external factors such as fiscal, finance and labor force etc. has no significant effect on enterprise technological innovation, and effect of enterprise material, system and spirit factors on technological innovation choice are much more significant, while the difference of effects on diverse technological innovation is marked. On the basis of the conclusion, the suggestion is given that government should motivate technological innovation while promoting stable economic growth, and improve investment climate, reduce the cost of enterprise business, enhance investors' initiative in enterprise starting-up, increase enterprise density and foster market competition, that enterprise should formulate long-term strategy, sound internal system, coordinate the division interests so as to stimulate staffs' technological innovation power. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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A research on the coordinated development between independent R&D and collaborative innovation Yu Liping, Fang Jianxin 2015, 36(7): 56-63.  Abstract ( 1002 )   This paper based on the Panel Data of Chinese high-tech industry, using a combination of Granger causality test, panel simultaneous equations, panel vector autoregression model to study the relationship between the independent R&D and collaborative innovation, analysising the two coordinate situation, the results indicate: Significant interaction is existed between independent R&D and collaborative innovation, it is independent R&D-oriented; the level of the coordination between independent R&D and collaborative innovation needs to be improved; introduction of technology can not promote independent innovation; to buy domestic technology helps catalytic collaborative innovation; dynamic feedback effects of technological innovation outputs performed better, static feedback effect of it is lower. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Productivity changes and inter-provincial heterogeneity of the Chinese cultural industry Wu Huixiang 2015, 36(7): 64-69.  Abstract ( 901 )   PDF (1KB) ( 1117 )   By using the DEA-Malmquist productivity index method, the paper evaluates the growth rate of total factor productivity (TFP) of the Chinese cultural industry and relative decompositions (technological progress, pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency) through the period of 1999 to 2009. The empirical study results show that the TFP of the Chinese cultural industry displayed a trend to fluctuate greatly. The driving force of growth shifts from the technological progress to the equal combination of technological progress and technical efficiency. The facts should be mainly attributed to the changes of national policies and reform of the cultural system. The inter-comparison among provinces show that, although the TFP of each province's cultural industry was increasing persistently, there is a large difference among investigated provinces. The increase of TFP in places such as Beijing, Shanghai, and Guangdong is lower than that in the central and western provinces. The difference of investment in the cultural industry was believed to be the main cause of such an inter-provincial heterogeneity. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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An assessment for the eco-efficiency of resource-based cities Huang Xueqin, Wang Tingting 2015, 36(7): 70-78.  Abstract ( 824 )   PDF (1KB) ( 901 )   In order to make the conditions of sustainable development in resource-based cities, a concept of eco-efficiency was introduced in this paper and a comparative analysis is made to the livable cities based on the measure of energy ecological footprint. Compared with the livable city, the ecological inefficiency of the resource-based cities is lower. With the analysis of factors, it showed that the type and scale of the city had significant impacts and the secondary industry accounted for the proportion of GDP, energy consumption per unit of GDP had negative correlation with eco-efficiency, whereas urban per capita green area, built-up area green coverage rate had positive correlations. Therefore, extending the industrial chain, increasing the efficiency of the use of resources, developing circular economy, and easing ecological pressure are important to improve eco-efficiency. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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A study on the relationship between dynamic capabilities, crisis management and competitive advantage of an enterprise Wang Jianjun, Zan Dongping 2015, 36(7): 79-85.  Abstract ( 1197 )   PDF (1KB) ( 1344 )   In order to explore the approaches to gaining competitive advantages in a dynamic environment, the current study proposed a research model regarding the relationships between dynamic capabilities, crisis management, and competitive advantages. More specifically, we identified four dimensions of dynamic capability-perceptive capability, learning capability, integration capability, and innovation capability-according to the four periods in crisis management. We then used Toyota Motor Corporation as a model to conduct a case study, and the research results show that dynamic capabilities can play an important role during the crisis management process and help the firm regain competitive advantage, thus supporting the proposed model. This study offers a new perspective to research competitive advantage under a dynamic environment. In addition, our study contributes to existing literature by improving the application value of the dynamic capability theory and adding theoretical components to crisis management. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The age dependence in financial innovation from the national, institutional and cultural perspective Su Yiyi 2015, 36(7): 86-95.  Abstract ( 1005 )   This paper draws on the age dependence arguments from organizational ecology, organizational learning and evolutionary theory, and explores the influence of organizational age upon financial innovation. Furthermore, this paper adopts the national, institutional and cultural perspectives and looks into how the age effect varies across national contexts. Our empirical analysis is based upon the panel data of more than 100 futures exchanges in the world between 2000 and 2010. The results show a U-shaped relationship between organizational age and financial innovation; such a nonlinear relationship is more pronounced in nations with low economic regulation and high uncertainty avoidance. Our research findings provide important implications for the development of financial institutions and the improvements of the financial regulatory system in China. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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An empirical study of the effect of business model structural coupling on the firm performance Wang Xiang, Li Dong, Hou Shixiang 2015, 36(7): 96-104.  Abstract ( 980 )   PDF (1KB) ( 1122 )   Although the business model has become a new important unit of analysis in business strategy, the relationship between business models and firm performance is still unclear. The extant research mainly focuses on the effect of types of business models on firm performance. This paper decomposed the structure of business model into three components: customer value proposition, business activity system and profit formula and discusses how they affect firm performance. Using the sample of listed companies on the Chinese growth enterprises market, this paper examines the effect of customer value proposition, business activity system, profit formula and their interaction on four types of firm performance, including profitability, growth, operational efficiency and market value. The result shows that structural coupling among different components of business model are more important than individual component when exerting influence on firm performance. It also has been revealed that customer value proposition has the strongest positive effect on firm performance significantly and that business models affect firm profitability and growth most significantly. This paper helps Chinese ventures innovate business models to improve firm performance. Also, it extends the framework of the empirical study of business models. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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A study on the relationship between paternalistic leadership and individual innovative behaviors in Chinese firms Wang Shuanglong 2015, 36(7): 105-112.  Abstract ( 1071 )   PDF (1KB) ( 1158 )   How to improve employees' innovative behaviors is an important issue for the managers of the Chinese enterprises in the era of knowledge-based economy. However, current researches paid little attention on the influential mechanisms of paternalistic leadership to individual innovative behaviors in the Chinese context. Based on a survey of Chinese employees, the conclusion is that authoritarian leadership has a negative effect on individual innovative behaviors, and benevolent-moral leadership has a positive effect on the behaviors. Meanwhile, creative self-efficacy and Chinesetraditionality has a mediating and moderating effects on the relationship between paternalistic leadership and individual innovative behaviors respectively. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Technological shocks, and the timing and direction of the evolution of firms' networks: A case of the compact disc industry Song Zhihong, Shi Yuying, Li Dongmei 2015, 36(7): 113-121.  Abstract ( 938 )   PDF (1KB) ( 1015 )   Based on the longitudinal case study, the paper takes the alliance networks in the compact disc industry between 1995 and 2008 as the case and investigates the network evolution process by analyzing the timing and direction of the evolution of the firms' networks. We characterize the timing of network evolution by using the key industry events as “the time window”, while the evolution direction of firms' networks is characterized by structure-reinforcing and structure-loosening effects. We argue that firms' network evolution is the response to the key industry events, which may be structure-reinforcing or structure-loosening. By analyzing the characteristics of key industry events, managers may identify the different effects of key industry events on network structure in advance. Managers can then take proper strategic actions to shape the network structure and create favorable environment for firms to gain competitive advantages. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Learning to learn during the process of transformation and upgrading: A case study of goodbaby companies Liu Haijian 2015, 36(7): 122-129.  Abstract ( 924 )   PDF (1KB) ( 1213 )   This paper challenged the traditional opinion of "knowledge spillover" because learning failure will happen for some local OEM firms. Taking the case of Goodbaby's climbing process along the global value chain, this paper stresses the importance of transformation of organizational learning mode. This mode includes two kinds of mechanisms. One mechanism is on the learning orientation's change which means firm should change from external-motivated learning to internal-motivated learning. The other mechanism is on the learning ways' change which means the firm should change from the simple explorative or exploitative learning to the ambidexterity learning. During these processes, the corporate entrepreneurship plays a key role. Finally, this paper contends the synchronization of technological and management innovation and explains why some OEM firms failed to do so. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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A research on the duration of China's export and its decisive factors based on the CloglogModel Du Yunsu, Wang Lili 2015, 36(7): 130-136.  Abstract ( 1349 )   PDF (1KB) ( 1266 )   Using the non-parameter Kaplan-Meier method and the discrete time Cloglog model, this paper empirically studies the duration of China's export and its decisive factors. The results indicate that the dynamic change of China's export relationship is very remarkable and the median of the duration is only two years. There is also the threshold effect for China's export. The survival rate of trade relationship is lower at the beginning, but the failure rate after four years declines significantly. The rising of economic scale, initial export volume, diversification and so on, will reduce the failure probability of export relationship. While the rising of geographic distance, unit value, RMB exchange rate and so on, will increase the failure probability of export relationship. Finally, this paper put forward some suggestion about how to lengthen the duration of China's export. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The evaluation model and an empirical study of the relative efficiency of national system of entrepreneurship (NSE) based on thenetwork DEA Qin Rui 2015, 36(7): 137-144.  Abstract ( 1002 )   PDF (1KB) ( 1257 )   On the basis of the current research results on National System of Entrepreneurship (NSE), the logical framework and the evaluation model of the NES are firstly structured with the understanding that the entrepreneurship is either a phenomenon or a process, then the NES of 43 countries are evaluated and analyzed by using the SBM-Network DEA method under variable returns-to-scale (VRS) and the data deriving from GEM-2012\\DEDI-2012/2013\\GCI-2012/2013. The empirical study shows that the Chinese NSE or its node is an input-inefficient DMU under either efficiency-driven countries or all 43 specimen countries. The input elements of NES that need to be greatly improved include “Informal Social Network”, “Business Environment”, “Market Size”, “Qualified Human Resource" and "Social Attitude towards Entrepreneurship". Consequently, in order to promote the overall efficiency of the NSE, it is extremely important to improve the “social attitude towards entrepreneurship” to enhance the formation efficiency of entrepreneurial intentions, and four elements of “informal networks”, “business environment”, “market size” and “qualified human resources” to help more and more potential entrepreneurs with entrepreneurial intentions make entrepreneurial decisions and conduct entrepreneurial activities. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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An empirical research on IPR Infringement judicatory cases in China by focusing on the cost of IPR protection and IPR infringement Zhan Ying, Zhang Hong 2015, 36(7): 145-153.  Abstract ( 999 )   PDF (1KB) ( 1276 )   In order to make an objective judgment on the actual situation of IPR protection in China, this article investigates 4,768 judicatory cases of IPR infringement in recent years and focus on the cost of IPR protection and IPR infringement. The results showed that the problem of “high (monetary) cost” of IPR protection is not significant, but the problem of “long cycle length” do exist, which is mostly owing to the too long procedure of IPR confirmation. As to the cost of IPR infringement, the problem of “low compensation” is very prominent. The courts always adopt the rule of pre-established damages when determining compensation, which usually results in the fact that the amount of compensation cannot make up the protection cost of right holders. Its key cause is the problem of “difficult to prove”. This paper suggests to increase the penalties for infringement of IPR and enhance the payout of infringers, while solving the problem of “difficult to prove” to increase the compensation for right holders. In addition, China should improve the procedure of IPR re-examination in order to thoroughly resolve the problem of “long cycle”. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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A summary of the multilevel research on corporate social capital and knowledge transfer Wei Ying, Wang Yun 2015, 36(7): 154-160.  Abstract ( 1186 )   As innovation management problems involve multilevel phenomena, the corporate social capital in this paper is divided into three levels: external corporate social capital, group social capital and individual social capital. Meanwhile, knowledge transfer is divided into three levels: corporate, group and individual ones. Through reviewing the related research, the influencing factors of knowledge transfer at each level and the impact of social capital at each level on knowledge transferare identified. We examine the relationship between different levels of social capital and knowledge transfer. Based on the above analysis, it is argued that the perspective of multi- and cross-level could promote the future research. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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A research on the influence factors of China’s human capital accumulationunder the background of new urbanization Shang Hua, Qiao Dongjiao 2015, 36(7): 161-167.  Abstract ( 1170 )   The degree of human capital accumulation determines the level of urbanization, and to identify the factors affecting human capital accumulation is the key to achieving human capital accumulation. Based on the development characteristics of China’s new urbanization and the existing research results of human capital accumulation, this paper identifies the influence factors of China’s human capital accumulation under the background of new urbanization. It builds up the identifying model of influence factors with entropy and DEMATEL, which analyzes the influence factors of China’s human capital accumulation under the background of new urbanization from the perspectives of both reason degree and center degree. According to the empirical research, it estimates the influencing degree of the indexes and the relationship among the factors, and provides the prospective decision for choosing China’s human capital accumulation mode in the transition period. References | Related Articles | Metrics