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27 February 2012, Volume 33 Issue 2 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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The effectiveness improving mechanism for the management innovation:From the perspective of organizational ambidexterity Lin Haifen, Su Jingqin 2012, 33(2): 1-10.  Abstract ( 2075 )   PDF (1528KB) ( 2623 )   The coexisting mechanism of the two major learning styles, i.e., exploration leaning and exploitation leaning in management innovation process from both time and space dimensions, namely, ambidexterity is attempted to explore. And the result indicates that the phenomenon of ambidexterity exists in both dimensions: time ambidexterity is characterized by alternative existence of the two learning styles, while space ambidexterity means exploration and exploitation might exist simultaneously. The case involving efficiency management in Jiangxi China Mobile has been adopted to explain and examine the rationality and reliability of these two kinds of ambidexterity. Therefore, the establishment of ambidextrous organization by creating organization context and improving effectiveness of top management team based on dual structures would be an essential way for improving management innovation effectiveness, with the aim of deep study on the promotion of effectiveness mechanism based on organization learning. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The impact of policy-making on innovation performance in industrial clusters:An empirical research on Science Parks in china Zhao Jianbo, Yang Zhenning, Wang Yihua 2012, 33(2): 11-17,78.  Abstract ( 1813 )   PDF (1483KB) ( 2450 )   With the requirement of endogenous innovation, the impact of the policy-making on the firm's innovation activities in the clusters is investigated, and then the innovation performance among different sized firms in different clusters is comparatively analyzed. Several clusters in different regions of China are investigated, and the result shows that small firms have higher innovation level than that for those larger firms in the cluster; The firms in Software Industry Park have higher innovation level than that for the firms in other clusters; the direct policy support from local government could not improve the innovation performance of the firms in the cluster, however its indirect regulations, such as keeping a good competitive environment, improving the attractiveness of the cluster region, enhancing its information service, would make the firms easier to improve the technical and innovative competence in the cluster. At the last, the policy implication and suggestion, as well as the research limitation and future direction of the research are given. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The evolution of green process innovation system for the manufacturing industrybased on self-organization theory Tian Hongna, Bi Kexin 2012, 33(2): 18-25.  Abstract ( 1878 )   PDF (1093KB) ( 2352 )   The green process innovation system in manufacturing industry is a dynamic, complex, and self-organized system. Using self-organization theory, the evolution process of green process innovation system in manufacturing industry is analyzed. The process mainly includes four stages, that is, the formation, treatment-oriented green process innovation, prevention-oriented green process innovation, and the green process innovation combining prevention with the control. Based on the Logistic elementary principle, a self-organization evolution modelis built and a case for exploring the evolution rules of green process innovation system in Chinese manufacturing industry is analyzed. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Genetic engineering patent renewal characters and their influencing factors Cao Xiaohui, Duan Yibing 2012, 33(2): 26-32.  Abstract ( 1628 )   PDF (879KB) ( 2722 )   The assessment of patent value plays an important role in measuring innovation outputs and understanding innovative activities. With an aim of the relationship exploration among bio-tech patent renewal, patent value, and influencing factors, a database of genetic engineering patents, which includes characteristics of patent and the owner(s), and the patent renewal data collected from USPTO are retrieved. Based on a logistic regression model and SAS 9.1.3 calculation, the factors which affect the renewal of genetic engineering patent are found and then used to discuss the specific phenomena of bio-tech innovative activities. Through analyzing 1,063 US genetic engineering patents granted during the period of 1991-1996, it is found that genetic engineering patents have high renewal rate, and 61% patents which are mostly owned by large entities are renewed to full time and the average age is 13.65 years. The result of logistic regression shows that the renewal of genetic engineering patents is effectively influenced by the assignee number, the scale of entity, forward citation, and internal sequential innovation. This fact has insightful implication for technology policy-making and innovation strategy management. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Enterprise innovation efficiencies of university-industrycooperation and their influential factors Fan Xia, Zhao Danping, He Yue 2012, 33(2): 33-39.  Abstract ( 1909 )   PDF (882KB) ( 3164 )   Based on the background of university-industry collaboration in Guangdong Province, the innovation efficiency of enterprise university-industry collaboration and its influencing factors is investigated using the Data Enrelopment Analysis(DEA)-Tobit two-step method. The results show that enterprise university-industry collaboration is inefficient in Guangdong Province due to the pure technical inefficiency. Furthermore, according to the empirical research on the influential factors of enterprise university-industry collaboration, the absorptive capacity of enterprises, government fund, enterprise-scale, and the openness of R&D strategy are important factors to affect the efficiency of enterprise university-industry collaboration. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The policy correlativity for the development of innovative talents and teams Qu Wan, Mu Rongping, Shong Hefa 2012, 33(2): 40-47.  Abstract ( 1850 )   PDF (1232KB) ( 2115 )   By using the approaches for policy analysis and questionnaires methods, the correlativity of human resource policies among the National Outline of Medium and Long-term Plan for Science and Technology Development (2006-2020), the supporting policies, and implementation details are systemically analyzed. The results show that there is a preliminary policy system for developing innovative talents and teams in China. However, there are some inconsistent between the supporting policies and implementation details, and some of the implementation details are unable to effectively support the supporting policies. In order to build a large-scaled and effective innovative talents and teams, the four issues, including regulating related concepts and standards in supporting policies and implementation details,cultivating and guiding talents into enterprises and rural areas, setting up the incentive mechanism focusing on innovation, and improving the flexibility of talents allocation and flow systems, should be concerned. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The evolution of biopharmaceutical innovation network——A case study on Zhangjiang Wang Fei 2012, 33(2): 48-54.  Abstract ( 1773 )   PDF (1104KB) ( 2224 )   With the increasingly enhancing the fluidity of resources and knowledge, a staged breakthrough from inside enterprises independent R&D to cooperative innovation is stridden over in the global biopharmaceutical industry, and innovative network becomes the main organization form in R&D for the new medicine. However, the generation and evolution law of biopharmaceutical innovative network still need to the further researched. By taking Zhangjiang in Shanghai as an example, the evolution law of biopharmaceutical innovative network has been analyzed from two dimensions of cooperative innovation and collaborative learning. The result shows that cooperative innovation is the inner drive for the development of biopharmaceutical innovative network; collaborative learning accelerates the structural expansion of innovative network.With the change in geographical spatial openness and cooperative flatness, biopharmaceutical innovation network goes through the evolution of inner-enterprise innovation network, local innovation network, and global innovation networks. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The impact of network ties strength and enterprises' learning capabilityon the technological innovation Xie Hongming, Zhang Xiarong, Cheng Cong, Chen Ying 2012, 33(2): 55-62.  Abstract ( 1887 )   PDF (1059KB) ( 2735 )   As one of the important characteristics of network structure, there is still a controversy involving the impact of network ties strength on enterprises' technological innovation in the academic circles. By takes enterprise size and R&D investment as control variables, a theoretical model for the relationship among network ties strength, enterprises' learning capability, and technological innovation is proposed. The high-tech and private-tech enterprises in Guangdong Province are taken as samples, and an empirical study on the theoretical model is conducted. The results show that (1) both network ties strength and enterprise learning capability have a significantly positive impact on technological innovation. (2) Learning capability plays a role of incomplete intermediate variable between network ties strength and technological innovation. (3) These three variables do not have any significantly positive impact on each other in small-scale enterprises. The previous research is improved, and it also makes academic contributions to the related research on network and technological innovation. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The research progress and implication of distributedinnovation under the condition of virtual R&D Zhang Qi, Jin Xin, Chen Jin, Wu Gang 2012, 33(2): 63-69.  Abstract ( 1815 )   PDF (1220KB) ( 2268 )   Under the global condition of virtual R&D, distributed innovation has become an important path for the firms to gain competitiveness and a very promising research area for the technological innovation as well. Combined with the analysis on the distributed innovation research at home and abroad, the characteristics of the evolution stages of distributed innovation, namely, exploration stage, beginning stage, development stage are summarized, and the main progress in such research is discussed. Finally, based on the above analysis, the shortage of past research is uncovered and then some practical implications for further research is given. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The design of the patent system based on the distinctionbetween domestic and foreign innovation Tang Chun 2012, 33(2): 70-78.  Abstract ( 1674 )   PDF (920KB) ( 2491 )   Along with economical and technical globalization, the protection for the foreign innovation become the major function of patent system, nevertheless, the most countries in the world actually adopt same protection mode with the domestic innovation. The necessity to differentiate the protection of the domestic and foreign innovations is studied, the design plan of the respective protection system is proposed and a feasibility analysis is conducted. It is argued that foreign innovation and domestic innovation have different impacts on the national social welfare, therefore it is necessary to differentiate their patent protection, and it is also the result of the international non-cooperation game. A plan which adopts the integrated examination or grand system under the multilateral most-favored treatment principle is suggested in order to protect the foreign innovation; in the meantime the domestic patent system should be adopted for protecting the domestic innovations. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Measuring and comparing inter-industry R&D spillover inmanufacturing based on input-output analysis Sun Xiaohua, Zheng Hui 2012, 33(2): 79-87.  Abstract ( 1895 )   PDF (960KB) ( 2699 )   By the comparison of different methods, Input-Output(I-O) analysis is selected to measure the effects of R&D activities, including total beneficiary effect, total contributor effect, and inter-industry effect of R&D spillover. The effect of inter-industry R&D spillover in manufacturing of China is calculated based on the data of input-output coefficients and R&D expenditures in the years of 2002, 2005, and 2007. And then, the result shows that horizontally, the beneficiary effects of light textile manufacturing and resources processing industry are obvious, while the contributor effect of mechanical electron industry is great; vertically, the effect of inter-industry R&D spillover changes constantly, however it has the certain stability. The conclusions provide the theory basis for the government to optimize the orientation of R&D investments and adjust the structure of R&D investments dynamically. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Consumer surplus, choice of technology licensing, and bilateral government R&D subsidy Zhao Dan, Wang Zongjun 2012, 33(2): 88-96.  Abstract ( 2169 )   PDF (1106KB) ( 2505 )   Involving strategic behavior of enterprises' technology licensing, the assumption of the third market model is released. And a game model of four-stage duopolistic R&D rivalry is established by means of backward induction used usually in the uncooperative game theory. The optimal R&D policies considered consumer surplus by respective governments when competitor has incomplete bargaining power is examined. Results and conclusions are as follows: Firstly, consideration of consumer surplus by country affects subsidy rate for enterprise's R&D, and thus R&D behavior of competitor. Secondly, the strategic behavior of enterprises' technology licensing has impacts on government R&D policies only when technology leader makes minor non-drastic innovation. Finally, bilateral government optimal R&D policies are different in different strategies of technology licensing. Concerning the licensor, the R&D subsidy rate by its government is higher in fixed-fee licensing than that in output-royalty licensing. Meanwhile, the expectation of bargaining power by both licensor and licensee affects respective government R&D polices with certain technology licensing strategies. Under the condition of output-royalty licensing, the R&D subsidy rate by its government is reversely higher with the reduction of its bargaining power concerning the licensee enterprise. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The growth mechanism of high-tech start-ups through building strategic allianceswith established firms Zhao Cen, Zhang Wei, Jiang Yanfu 2012, 33(2): 97-106.  Abstract ( 1832 )   PDF (1070KB) ( 2415 )   Lack of resource is usually a major constraint in the development of high-tech start-ups. Through cooperation based on resources complementary, risk sharing, and profit sharing, strategic alliances could be an effective way for the high-tech start-ups to catch up the entrepreneurial opportunity and achieve the rapid growth. The strategic alliances between high-tech start-ups and established firms are focused, and motivation-behavior-returns overall analysis framework from the resource-based view and the strategy-structure perspective is preliminary established, then an in-depth case study of Highlander Digital Technology Stock Co. Ltd as a typical high-tech start-up is conducted and the intrinsic mechanism for accessing resource and achieving growth by building strategic alliances is analyzed. It is found that after strategic alliances, high-tech start-ups are able to realize mutual complement of resources, clarify the strategy, improve the organizational structure, and finally achieve business growth and performance improvement through inter-organizational cooperation, communication, and learning with partner enterprises. A detailed motivation-behavior-returns model for high-tech start-ups to build strategic alliances is proposed. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Resource integration process and dynamic capability: An empirical study on high-tech start-ups Dong Baobao, Ge Baoshan 2012, 33(2): 107-114.  Abstract ( 1798 )   PDF (940KB) ( 2914 )   In the dynamic environment, valuable resources are crucial to the building-up of dynamic capability. How the static resources could form the dynamic capability in order to bring superior performance for the start-ups has become an all academic and industrial focus. From the view of process, based on 717 valid samples, the relation between resource integration process and dynamic capability is investigated. The empirical study shows that resource identification process is not related to the dynamic capability; however resource acquisition, resource allocation, and leverage processes are significantly and positively related to the dynamic capability. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The relationship between information advantage and home bias of individual investors Li Yanxi, Gao Rui, Du Rui 2012, 33(2): 115-121.  Abstract ( 1808 )   PDF (963KB) ( 2254 )   The phenomenon that individual investors prefer local stocks and overweight them is called home bias; and it is still a puzzle on the capital market. The individual investors of 3,710 from Shanghai, Tianjin, and Dalian are selected as samples, and based on information advantage, the home bias is tried to explain. The empirical results show that there is home bias inside Chinese stock market and there exists an inverted U-ship relationship between home bias and information advantage. The fact means that there is a critical value involving information advantage, when the information advantage is less than the critical value, the home bias is increasing with information advantage is enhancing; however when information advantage is larger than the critical value,home bias is decreasing with information advantage is enhancing. It is believed that with the strength of information advantage is enhancing, the targets of information are from more to less, the public companies that information involves is from far to near, and it will boost up investors' diversity and is the main reason for the inverted U-ship relationship. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Input-output analysis on the customer collaborative innovationfrom the perspective of knowledge creation Zhang Xue, Zhang Qingpu 2012, 33(2): 122-129,155.  Abstract ( 2015 )   PDF (1604KB) ( 2541 )   Customer Collaborative Product Innovation (CCPI) is an important style of enterprise vertical collaborative innovation, which needs the co-participation of customers and staffs from different departments of enterprises. The life cycle of CCPI constitutes seven phases, in which the concrete products and a large amount of new knowledge are generated. To evaluate the input-output performance of this new emergence innovation mode, the input and output elements of CCPI are respectively determined from the viewpoint of knowledge creation. Based on the selected case enterprise, an input-output model is developed, the model theory is deducted, and model applications are demonstrated. The significance of this research is as follows: Compared with the conventional approaches that mechanically summarize the costs of enterprise innovation, the model developed by the study based on dynamic and systematic characteristics of CCPI could quantify the interaction between composing phases of CCPI, therefore provides a more scientific approach for the decision making on CCPI. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The ecological model for knowledge transfer in enterprises Jiang Tianying, Cheng Cong 2012, 33(2): 130-138.  Abstract ( 1921 )   PDF (1156KB) ( 2804 )   Efficient knowledge transfer has become one of the key factors to establish competitive advantage for the enterprises. Based on the perspective of ecology, the enterprises knowledge includes four ecological characteristics, such as scattered distribution, embedding dependent, dynamic inheritance, and incremental cumulative, is proposed. On this basis, an ecological model of knowledge transfer is built. In this model, knowledge chains and knowledge networks in enterprises are formed by the interrelation among knowledge individual, knowledge group, and knowledge community. Among them, individual knowledge transfer lays emphasis on the knowledge transfer and perfection of staff themselves, group knowledge transfer focuses on the integration and creation of team knowledge, while community knowledge transfer concerns about the overall efficiency of knowledge application in enterprises. Furthermore, some ultra-ecological characteristics are offered in the process of knowledge transfer in enterprises' ecological systems. Finally, combining with the case of Cisco knowledge transfer, some enlightenment and recommendations to increase the efficiency of knowledge transfer of enterprises' ecological systems are put forward. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Comparative analysis on coordination strategies between informationsharing and joint decision-making Lu Yali 2012, 33(2): 139-146.  Abstract ( 1820 )   PDF (1508KB) ( 2154 )   Information sharing under the distributed control and joint decision-making under the centralized control are two important strategies in the supply chain coordination. Based on the Stackelberg game model between manufacturer and retailer in supply chain system, under the condition of stochastic product demand, the effects of information sharing coordination and joint decision-making coordination on optimum wholesale price, optimum order quantity, and profits of manufacturer, and retailer and supply chain system are studied. Then the conditions for information sharing coordination are analyzed, and two partition methods for the profits of supply chain system, that is, scale factor method and wholesale price consultation method are put forward. After that, the analysis results are further confirmed though calculation and simulation with stochstic product demand obeying uniform distribution. The results show that information sharing for manufacturer is always beneficial, and manufacturer is able to find its optimum wholesale price and maximize its profits. The conditions of information sharing are that the retailer profits could be improved. The joint decision-making coordination is able to maximize the profits of supply chain system. There exists wider interval of scale factor and wholesale price for the profits partition, in which the scale factor or the wholesale price is able to be used in order to achieve win-win results of manufacturer and retailer. The profits of supply chain system will increase with the increase of the expectation of the stochastic product demand, and decrease with the increase of standard deviation of that. From the point of view of maximum profit, joint decision-making coordination is better than information sharing coordination. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The evaluation of full life-cycle efficiency of non-renewable energy of China Wu Chunyou, Zhao Ao, Lu Xiaoli 2012, 33(2): 147-155.  Abstract ( 2074 )   PDF (1147KB) ( 2565 )   With the bonding effect of non-renewable energy on economic development is increasingly prominent, the non-renewable energy efficiency becomes the vital key to break through the energy constraint as well as assure the economic sustainable development. The previous evaluation model that purely emphasizes on energy input and economic output is unable to estimate the whole efficiency from original mining to terminal utilization of non-renewable energy. Therefore, the full life-cycle efficiency model of non-renewable energy is constructed to analyze the technique efficiency, scale efficiency, economic efficiency, and environmental efficiency of China during the period of 1981-2009 by means of DEA. The results show that under the background of national economic development and related policies, China's full life-cycle technique efficiency of non-renewable energy is influenced by technique level as well as element allocation, and takes on a fluctuating tendency; there exists enough room for the efficiency improvement of non-renewable energy, especially in the segment of mining and terminal. The level of environmental efficiency is generally low, which needs to urgently improve in the aspects of technical and element allocation approach. The scientificness of evaluation model and controllability of empirical results could be proved by the stationary and equilibrium tests of actual efficiency value. Finally, some suggestions are proposed to improve full life-cycle efficiency of non-renewable energy from the angle of technical progress, element allocation, industrial structure, and policy restraint. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Incentive contract design for staged investment in hi-tech projects Yin Hong 2012, 33(2): 156-162.  Abstract ( 1508 )   PDF (1133KB) ( 2085 )   Recently, along with the increasing of the government investment for hi-tech plan projects, the moral hazard originated from these science research institutes becomes more and more severe. Designing a set of appropriate mechanisms for the incentive and restraint to improve the research efficiency of these institutes is desiderated. Based on the principle-agent theory, an incentive contract model for staged investment in hi-tech plan projects is established, and the staged strive levels of these science institutes are analyzed. Then, the role of staged investment and incentive contract for mitigating moral hazard of the sciense research institutes is reseached. Finally, some suggestions for the investment management of hi-tech plan projects are put forward. References | Related Articles | Metrics