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27 December 2011, Volume 32 Issue 12 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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Strategic orientations and product innovation performance of Chinese enterprises: A comparison between the firms in high-tech and low-tech industries Xue Lei, Yang Yan, Zhu Hengyuan 2011, 32(12): 1-8,16.  Abstract ( 3136 )   PDF (1737KB) ( 4050 )   Based on the survey data from 522 Chinese Enterprises, the influence of different strategic orientations on new product innovation performance in different technology intensive industries is explored. The main findings include (1)both customer orientation and technology orientation have a significant effect on the firms' new product performance; (2)in high-tech industries, while firms are more customer-orientated than technology-orientated, the effect of customer orientation and technology orientation on firms' new product shows no significant difference; (3)in low-tech industries, firms are also more customer-orientated than technology-orientated, however, technology orientation has the stronger effect on new product innovation performance than that for customer orientation. The limitation and managerial implementation of current research are also discussed. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Project-based supply chain cross-organizational cooperative innovationbased on the perspective of knowledge flow Shi Jiangang, Wu Guangdong 2011, 32(12): 9-16.  Abstract ( 1987 )   PDF (1351KB) ( 2322 )   Within project-based supply chain, the stable and equilibrium knowledge flow is the foundation for achieving cooperative innovation, while the realization of project value-adding depends on the success of cross-organizational cooperative innovation. Based on the analysis on the importance of project-based supply chain cross-organizational cooperative innovation and the relationship distinction between knowledge flow and project value-adding, the ordinary differential equation model for project-based supply chain cross-organizational cooperative innovation influence factors is established. It is concluded that if demanded project-based supply chain cross-organizational cooperative innovation maintains an optimal state, then the friendly level and effect intensity between project-based organizations should preserve a certain degree, and the increment of knowledge activities and the range of knowledge activities in the project should restrict within a certain range. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The process innovation power sources in manufacturing enterprises based on IT driver Li Wanhong, Bi Kexin, Cao Xia 2011, 32(12): 17-25.  Abstract ( 1820 )   PDF (1298KB) ( 2812 )   Studying on process innovation power sources of manufacturing enterprises could help understanding the original motivation of enterprise process innovation, which is the complex behavior, and would promote enterprises to gain competitive advantages by sustainable process innovation. Based on the current research achievements at home and abroad, five hypotheses on IT-driven process innovation in manufacturing enterprises are proposed. Then, the research framework for the relationship among IT progress, IT equipment suppliers, government IT policy, IT economic scope, and IT capabilities and process innovation's power source is constructed, and 229 manufacturing enterprises in China are chosen as the research objects. The hypotheses being proposed are estimated and modified by Structural Equation Model (SEM) together with the software of AMOS17.0. The results of the modified model show that all of the five power sources have the positive driving effect; therefore all of the five hypotheses are supported. However, the total driving effects are different for the sources, IT progress has the most significant effect, and others in the successive order of diminishing driving effect are IT economic scope, IT equipment suppliers, IT capabilities, and government IT policy. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Tariff products design and pricing for domestic telecommunication service innovation Wang Rong, Tang Xiaowo, Wang Jian 2011, 32(12): 26-32.  Abstract ( 1642 )   PDF (1280KB) ( 2770 )   The development course of telecommunication charge packages reflects the changes of products design based on modular service innovation. The research on consumer demand behavior has become the design focal point of telecommunication service product. However, operators lack the theoretical instructions on product design due to the lack of domestic research on consumer demand behavior. Meanwhile, the influence of product design factors on consumer behavior is studied according to the features of telecommunication consumption. The results show that different factors of product pricing have different impacts on consumer behavior. The correlative relation between multi-service and service preference of consumer should be considered. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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R&D diffusion, wage spillover, and the allocation of S&T personnel in China Bao Qun, Shao Min 2011, 32(12): 33-40.  Abstract ( 1661 )   PDF (1007KB) ( 2378 )   Using the panel data of 29 provinces in China during the period of 1991-2004, how international technology diffusion affects the share of Science and Technology (S&T) personnel in China is empirically investigated. The estimation results generally support that foreign R&D enhances the share of China's S&T personnel in its total employment through the two spillover channels of FDI and import. A further estimation shows that the effect of international R&D spillover on R&D personnel's wage varies among different regions. The eastern regions show a significantly positive wage spillover effect, however, it is not true for the central and western provinces of China. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The impact of absorptive capability on the reverse technology spillover effect Bai Jie 2011, 32(12): 41-45.  Abstract ( 1746 )   PDF (961KB) ( 2265 )   By putting duplicity of R&D into the analytical framework, the international R&D spillover regressions model based on the data of 14 countries in the period of 1985-2006 is applied to evaluate the relationship between host country's absorptive capability and reverse technology spillovers. It is found that international R&D spillovers have a crowding-out effect on the domestic R&D stock. Reverse technology spillovers is mainly constrainted by the technical resources abroad instead of the host country. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Alignment measurement between factual theme and organizational strategybased on empirical analysis of word similarity computing Shi Qikai, Guo Jue, Li Ziye, Wang Yagang 2011, 32(12): 46-52,60.  Abstract ( 1774 )   PDF (1636KB) ( 2353 )   Under the precondition that reviews the definition and measuring method of alignment in the literatures involving strategic management, on the basis of word similarity computing of How-net, the measuring method for the alignment between the factual theme and organizational strategy is putted forward consequently. The method is consisted of two stages. Firstly, the word similarity of feature words between factual theme and basic factors, then the feature words between organizational strategy and basic factors is computed; secondly, the cosine of intersection angle as the measuring method of alignment between the factual theme and organizational strategy is computed. By comparing the both pros and cons of exemplification in empirical study, the validity and feasibility of this research are explained and validated, respectively. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Two case studies on the transition form scientific researcher to entrepreneur Yao Fei, Wang Dahai 2011, 32(12): 53-60.  Abstract ( 1975 )   PDF (1057KB) ( 2623 )   Enhancing transition from scientific researcher to entrepreneur is one of significant means for increasing the transfer ratio of scientific and technological outcome. However, the literatures on this subject are few. A research model based on role identity theory is constructed for understanding the transition route from scientific researcher to entrepreneur. By using two entrepreneurs case studies, two models which are referred to university-driven contradictory entrepreneurs and roundabout entrepreneurs are put forward. The effects of the initial conditions for two types of entrepreneurs including conditions of technology, individual, and market are also discussed. The research findings have enriched the literatures on entrepreneurship. The findings are also practically instructive for scientific researcher to achieve role transition and for scientific research administrator to make relevant policies. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Opportunity exploitation mode, strategic orientation and performance of high-tech start-ups Chen Haitao, Yu Xiaoyu 2011, 32(12): 61-67,73.  Abstract ( 1791 )   PDF (1744KB) ( 2601 )   Opportunity Exploitation Mode (OEM) is a set of resource allocation decisions, which determine the successful probability of new opportunity exploitation and the survival and development of new venture. A theoretical model based on opportunity exploitation process is proposed to examine the relationship among strategic orientation, opportunity exploitation mode, and performance. Theoretical hypothesis are tested based on a sample of 108 high-tech start-ups by the structural equation modeling method. The empirical results reveal that the market orientation influences the balanced OEM positively|however, it influences the innovative OEM negatively. The entrepreneurial orientation influences the innovative OEM positively|however, it has no significant influence on the balanced OEM. Both balanced and innovative OEM influence the performance of high-tech start-ups positively. Theoretical and managerial implications of these findings are discussed in the conclusion part of the paper. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Game analysis on IPO modes and efficiency Huang Xiuhai 2011, 32(12): 68-73.  Abstract ( 2102 )   PDF (990KB) ( 2288 )   IPO's efficiency is a hot research spot, however, there is no special research on the relation between IPO modes and its efficiency. Existing literature shows IPO that in essence is a kind of systematic arrangement and game phenomenon. A new research method based on the relationship between the number of retail investors involving IPO modes and its efficiency from its evolving course is proposed. The game models constructed based on incentive compatibility and individual rationality disclose that IPO modes fully ruling out retail investors have little efficiency, the modes with the completely participation of retail inrestors possess Pareto optimal efficiency, and the modes having limited participation of retail investirs have the efficiency between these tow efficiencies. Finally, the suggestion that decrease unnecessary middle links and build a directly interactiv market mechanism between listed-company and investors are put forward. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research advance on performance measurement theories and methods for social enterprise Sun Shimin, Zhan Lan, Jia Jianfeng 2011, 32(12): 74-81.  Abstract ( 1767 )   PDF (1111KB) ( 2482 )   Since 1990s, social enterprises rapidly develop in the whole world, however, its theoretical study is far behind than practice development, especially in the aspect of performance measurement. The predecessors' view about social enterprise concept is induced, in which, a social enterprise could be seen as a mixed organization with the double goals for creating both enterprise value and social value between business enterprise and nonprofit organization. By carding the literatures, the existing performance measurement methods, such as LM3 model, SROI model, social enterprise balanced scorecard, the analysis model of social value chain about "input-output-income-impact", and their relationships are founded. Based on that, the limitations of existing methods are analyzed and the future's research trend is put forward. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Venture capital equity allocation and its causes:an empirical study from negotiation perspective using data of Zhejiang Province Xu Mengzhou 2011, 32(12): 82-88.  Abstract ( 1751 )   PDF (999KB) ( 2085 )   Equity allocation is a key issue in venture capital, however, current research focuses on optimal arrangement and institution design, ignories the reality and its causes. A theoretical framework is built to analyze the sources of bargaining power and equity allocation from the perspective of negotiation. Combined with an empirical analysis of sample data from Zhejiang Province, several results are achieved.Financial and human resources have different effects on equity allocation. The venture capital firms' investment amount is positive correlated with their equity proportion, and the correlation will become weaker with the development of start-ups. The entrepreneur's investment amount is not a source of significant bargaining power. The entrepreneur's business experience is negative correlatied with venture capital firm's equity proportion ,and the correlation will also become weaker with the development of start-ups.Venture capital firms' experience is significantly negative correlatied with their equity proportion. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Project risk assessment index system of auto-monitoring system for urban wastewater Li Ming, Zheng Dejun, Tan Yong 2011, 32(12): 89-96.  Abstract ( 1948 )   PDF (1155KB) ( 2625 )   Project risk assessment for urban drainage monitoring system could increase the capacity to resist project risk and promote project popularization of wastewater on-line monitoring system. After the analysis of related risk impact factors, a risk assessment index system based on field surveys and expert questionnaire in Guangzhou is established by using grey evaluation method i.e. grey decision method and grey relational analysis method. Some conclusions have been drawn. They are as follows: There are a lot of risks in entire project life cycle of auto-monitoring system for urban wastewater. And the risk existing in construction phase is bigger than that in other phases. Among these risk indicators in the project life cycle, some indicators have relatively high weights, such as the feasibility demonstration, the reasonability for collecting water samples, the maintenance and expansion of equipments, the monitoring data quality, and the quality of employees, et al. If the more attention to is paid these indicators, the risks could be reduced. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The variation tendency of regional difference for China's basic research and its decomposition Guan Shiping, Zhu Weidong 2011, 32(12): 97-103.  Abstract ( 1768 )   PDF (1225KB) ( 2862 )   Taking the fund distribution of National Nature Science of China as indexes, the regional fund difference of basic research is analyzed using the models of Gini coefficient and Theil index. The results show that the regional difference of basic research in China gradually decreases and the regional difference of young scientist research capability also decreases. According to the results of decomposition, the regional differences within eastern part and central part of China decrease gradually, and the regional difference within the northeast part of China is small and relatively stable, however the regional differences within western part of China gradually increase. Therefore it is important to focus on the distribution of young scientists and the internal difference of western part of China in order to develop China's basic research harmoniously and continually. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The institutional collaboration network ofmanagement science discipline in China Yan Xiangbin, Song Xiaolong, Song Xiaohong 2011, 32(12): 104-111.  Abstract ( 1846 )   PDF (1906KB) ( 2876 )   Based on papers published in China's mainstream journals of management science, a China's institutional collaboration network in management science discipline is built up. Social network analysis method is used to analyze the network characteristics and collaborative patterns. It is found that the network has the features of core-periphery structure, small-world, and scale-free property, and its nodes are loosely connected. China's famous management science research institute is the nucleus of the network. Through clique analysis, it is found that intuitional collaboration has a distinct regional characteristic. Integrating peripheral institutions with core institutions and breaking barriers of interregional cooperation will improve the overall collaboration level in the field of management science research. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The relationship between double-ownership customer trusts and customer value Fu Xiaorong, Tang Xiaofei, Yang Zhimei 2011, 32(12): 112-118.  Abstract ( 1847 )   PDF (1071KB) ( 2386 )   Customer value management is the core of enterprise management. The improvement of the customer value is determined by the level of customer trust. The existing researches show that there are two ownership dimensions of customer trusts, that is, staff trust and firm trust. The former occupies the most important position in the service industry. From the perspective of double-ownership trusts, the relationship between the customer trust and the customer value in different service contexts is attempted to analyzed. It is found that stuff trust is more important than the firm trust in terms of the relationship in service; however, in the service on transaction, the firm trust is more important. It is concluded that for the different enterprises, different trusts should be properly utilized so as to maximize the customer value. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Operational characteristics of each life cycle stage in technology-based smalland middle-sized enterprises Gao Song, Zhuang Hui, Wang Ying 2011, 32(12): 119-125,142.  Abstract ( 1857 )   PDF (1893KB) ( 2776 )   After 20 years of development, technology-based Small and Middle-sized Enterprises(SMEs) have become a force that is full of vigor and vitality in the national economy of China. Just as with other types of SMEs, technology-based SMEs also have their life cycle. There are many studies about the life cycle, however, it lacks of empirical study on the operational characteristics of each stage of life cycle in technology-based SMEs. An empirical study on the operational characteristics of technology-based SMEs in each life cycle stage is conducted based on the 275 technology-based SME in Shanghai. The inrestigation indicates that the different attention on marketing and organization has leaded to the different operational characteristics in each stage for SMEs. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The service industrial agglomeration and regional economic growthin China based on the perspective of labor productivity Chen Litai, Zhang Zuniu 2011, 32(12): 126-133.  Abstract ( 1969 )   PDF (1135KB) ( 2422 )   The level of the service industrial agglomeration is tested by means of physical capital agglomeration, human capital agglomeration, and employment density. Spatial econometric methods are adopted to analyze how service industrial agglomeration affects the regional economic discrepancy based on the perspective of labor productivity. The results show that the regional labor productivity has the characteristic of spatial agglomeration; physical capital agglomeration plays a significant role in the improvement of regional labor productivity, while the human capital agglomeration and employment density do not. The results provide a method for analyzing the regional economic disparity from the perspective of labor productivity. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The relationship among psychological contract breach,organizational commitment, and employee's performance Zhang Shengtai, Yang Rui 2011, 32(12): 134-142.  Abstract ( 1931 )   PDF (1110KB) ( 2609 )   Based on the on-site interviews and questionnaires of 252 psychological contract breach members, by using the method of SEM, the empirical study indicates that three dimensions of psychological contract breach have a significant negative impact on the staff performance. However, there are impact degree differences caused by the three dimensions. The impact of psychological contract breach on staff performance is through the organizational commitment that functions as an intermediate variable. Organizational commitment serves as a partial intermediate variable in the relationship among interpersonal dimension breach, developmental dimension breach, and staff performance while it serves a total intermediate variable in the relationship between normative dimension breach and staff performance. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Innovation studies: An emerging discipline driving economic development andimproving social welfare in the 21st century Zhang Zhihe, Zhou Guohua, Hu Rui, Xie Zhongquan 2011, 32(12): 143-150,156.  Abstract ( 2402 )   PDF (2198KB) ( 2618 )   After 100 years' sustainable development, innovation studies have become a specific research field based on many disciplines, such as economics, management, and philosophy. Motivated by the trend of international innovation studies and the domestic pressing need of innovation practices, the historical evolutionary process of innovation studies is systematically reviewed and a systematic discipline structure of innovation studies with multi-disciplinary perspectives is constructed. It is argued that innovation studies as an emerging field is a logically inter-connected multi-disciplinary system comprising of dominant disciplines, such as economics of innovation, innovation management, and innovation philosophy, basic disciplines, such as economics, management, and philosophy, and supporting disciplines, such as sociology, geography, history, engineering, statistics, systematology, biology, psychology, and art. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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A four-dimensional model for the performance evaluationsof science and technology associations Zhao Lixin 2011, 32(12): 151-156.  Abstract ( 1451 )   PDF (987KB) ( 2330 )   The connotation of science and technology association performance evaluations is analyzed, the main elements of society are explored, and a four-dimensional model for science and technology association performance evaluation is built. Finally, the performance evaluation index system of modern science and technology associations is proposed. References | Related Articles | Metrics