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27 November 2011, Volume 32 Issue 11 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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The evolution behavior of technological innovative investmentin large and medium-sized industrial enterprises Li Meifang, Zhao Yongxiang 2011, 32(11): 1-6,17.  Abstract ( 1723 )   PDF (1135KB) ( 2469 )   In order to reveal the evolution behavior and law of Enterprises Technological Innovative Investment (ETII), an economic growth nonlinear dynamic model of ETII expressed in a differential form was constructed. A differential evolution algorithm was used to optimize the parameters of the model, and then the computer simulation has been carried out. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) R&D investment per person and the ratio of R&D personnel have the decisively influence on the evolution behavior of economic growth of ETII system in enterprises, and the evolution characteristics of the system could be changed by adjusting the value of these two impact factors. (2) The factors should be adjusted in a certain range by taking the scientific theory as the guideline and foundation. (3) Value increasing of these two impact factors might not inexorably lead to the raise of industrial value per person. (4) When the value of the two factors is increased to some conditions, the bifurcation will be appeared; and following with two totally different results, and finally the system will enter into a chaotic state. (5) With the R&D investment and/or the R&D personnel ratio increasing, the speed for system entering bifurcation and going into chaotic state is faster. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The relationship among partner characteristics,knowledge trading, and innovation performance in the supply chain Chen Wei, Zhang Xumei 2011, 32(11): 7-17.  Abstract ( 1694 )   PDF (1035KB) ( 2547 )   From the perspective of knowledge trading among supply chain partners, a conceptual model for the relationship among partner characteristics, knowledge trading, and innovation performance is proposed and empirically tested using the data collected from 256 enterprises in the supply chain with a structural equation model. The partner characteristics in the model are described based on cultural compatibility, resource dependence, and knowledge distance. The results indicate that cultural compatibility has a significant and positive impact on knowledge trading, however, it does not have a significantly positive impact on innovation performance. Resource dependence has a significant and positive impact not only on knowledge trading, but also on innovation performance. Although knowledge distance has a significant and negative impact on innovation performance, it does not have a significantly negative impact on knowledge trading. Finally, it is also proved that knowledge trading has a significant and positive impact on innovation performance. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Comparative research on technological innovation and technological diffusionof magnates in communication equipment industry Song Tianhua, Yu Guang, Shi Chunsheng 2011, 32(11): 18-24.  Abstract ( 1573 )   PDF (1196KB) ( 2439 )   Patent citation is one of important indicators surveying technological innovation. By analyzing DII'S patent citations of two top enterprises Cisco and Huawei in communications equipments industry, their innovation and technology diffusion are explored. Results argue that through long-term innovation, the efficiency of some Chinese high-technological firms in R&D has caught up with that of some top multinationals; Technological diffusion of Chinese enterprises mainly distributes in domestic firms. Its technological internationalization just starts now and has the weak influence. And the multinational technological diffusion is global and has the strong influence; Technological innovation of the pursuing enterprise displays a awl-shaped distribution, and technological innovation of the advanced enterprise shows a dumbbell distribution; the distribution of technological innovation leads the direction of technological diffusion; The distribution width of technological innovation and diffusion for Chinese enterprises are widen, however, its top technologies are fewer, the technical specialization level is low, and multinational corporation has more superior technologies, its depth for technological innovation and diffusion is higher, and the degree of technical specialization is relatively high. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The reciprocity factors to technological innovation activities Guo Ju, Ye Azhong, Guo Kun 2011, 32(11): 25-36.  Abstract ( 1726 )   PDF (1239KB) ( 2415 )   Many scholars usually illustrate the function of technological innovation by analyzing technological input-output relationship. However, with the different from current researches taking patent as an input indicator, the patents are classified into applying and granting patents and they are attributed to the input factor and output factor, respectively. Based on that, the relationship between the different elements in technological innovation is studied. Researches show that the elements, such as R&D funds, patent, and technology transfer could not totally regard as endogenous variables. By using the method of Kalman filter, an indicator to measure unitary technological innovation level could be found. After that, the progress of technological innovation in the economic development in China is precisely described, and following conclusion that the innovation activities in China are now falling into a bottleneck is drawn. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The evolution of the spatial distribution effect of China's high-tech industry Sun Yutao, Liu Fengchao, Xu Qian 2011, 32(11): 37-44,58.  Abstract ( 1615 )   PDF (1012KB) ( 2264 )   The aggregation and spillover effects of the spatial distribution for high-tech sub-industries are respectively measured by using combination methods of the geographic concentration index (spatial Gini coefficient, the concentration index) and Moran I index. The results show that the development in China's high-tech industries is mainly with a model of external introduced and scale expansion, however, the structural optimization and upgrading of the industries are slow, therefore, the development of electronic information and computer related industries determines the overall distribution pattern of high-tech industries; the spatial distribution evolution of high-tech industries is the synergy result of government and market forces; the learning and absorptive capacity are the foundation of the rapid development of regional high-tech industry. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The investment decision model of knowledge chainat the two stages of research and development Wu Shaobo, Gu Xin 2011, 32(11): 45-51.  Abstract ( 1585 )   PDF (1195KB) ( 2160 )   The inputting decision process of research and development collaboration between the core enterprise and the agent in the knowledge chain is analyzed. In the collaboration process, the agent takes the responsibility of research in the basic stage and the core enterprise undertakes the innovation in the application and development stage. The research indicates that the higher the research stage benefits the core enterprise gains, the higher the elastic coefficient of input-output at the research stage is, the core enterprise gives more subsidies to the agent under sequential game. Both the core enterprise and the agent are willing to invest more under cooperative game than that under sequential game. Moreover, the distribution coefficient of cooperative rent from incremental innovation income produced by cooperative game is negatively correlated to the risk aversion degree, and it has nothing to do with the bargaining ability, meanwhile, the premium subsidy has a positive correlation to the risk aversion degree and the bargaining ability. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The factors influencing innovation efficiency of national level new andhigh technology development zones in China Xie Ziyuan 2011, 32(11): 52-58.  Abstract ( 1717 )   PDF (904KB) ( 2645 )   New and high technology development zones are an important supporter for improving China's independent innovation capability. Using DEA method, the technical innovation efficiency of 53 national level new and high technology development zones in China is measured, and a Tobit regression on factors that might influence innovation efficiency is conducted. It is found that seven variables, such as science and technology input intensity, etc., could significantly improve innovation efficiency, and other five variables including industrial cluster extent and scale of development zones, etc. have a negative impact on innovation efficiency. It makes possible to improve innovation efficiency of new and high technology development zones through adjusting the level of relevant variables. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The synergy between product development and technology competencein the complex product and system innovation based on the case study of nuclear power project Liu Bing, Zou Shuliang, Li Yuqiong, Zeng Jinglian, Chen Jiahua 2011, 32(11): 59-62,70.  Abstract ( 1750 )   PDF (917KB) ( 2435 )   There is a problem of path choice when Technology Competence (TC) develops in the Complex Products and Systems (CoPS). Based on the analysis on the stability of the CoPS, the synergy mechanism between Product Development(PD)and TC, and the relationship between PD and technology import are investigated. Furthermore, it is proposed that the demand of PD is the base of CoPS innovation, and technology import should be the supplementary of PD, in other words, the promotion of product sequences means the development of TC. In addition, based on the synergy analysis of Nuclear Power Project(NPP), it is important to balance the relationship between PD and organizational adaptability, and between advanced technology and knowledge management in order to keep the variety of TC based on the independent innovation. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Licensing behavior of patent pools based on the game models Liu Li, Zhu Xuezhong 2011, 32(11): 63-70.  Abstract ( 1670 )   PDF (1107KB) ( 2407 )   As the core problem of patent pools, patent licensing of all kinds is the gaming process between the two parties in essence with the result is weather for not the contract for licensing is signed. Based on game models, the inner mechanism of patent pool licensing behavior is discussed from two aspects. Regardless of the kind of patent licensing, the relationship between the two parties is both competition and cooperation with the aim at maximizing their own profits. Only when the two parties gain their expected profits, then a gaming balance appears. In view of this, some enlightenment for Chinese enterprises on how to treat patent pool licensing correctly and appropriately are provided. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The patent protection level and enterprises demand for patent protection Bao Haibo, Xu Minghua, Chen Jinqi 2011, 32(11): 71-76,99.  Abstract ( 1488 )   PDF (934KB) ( 2535 )   Through the questionnaires conducted in 287 innovative enterprises in Zhejiang Province, the level of patent actvity and the trend of patent policy in China are studied from the perspective of enterprises demand for patent protection. Based on the analysis on how patent protection level inflences the innovative enterprises and their grading of the patent protection level, the inner demand of innovative enterprises for patent protection is explored and then the suggestion on some policies to strengthen the patent protection in China is made. It is also revealed that as the patent protection level improves in China, the innovative enterprises are characterized with high-quality and normative patent protection activities. However, the ineffective patent law enforcement in China results in low efficiency of innovation and patenting. The majority enterprises insist on that an increasing patent protection level will pose a positive influence on the enterprises R&D investment and scale development. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The new development of U.S. antitrust policy on patent pool and its impacts on China Zhan Ying 2011, 32(11): 77-83.  Abstract ( 1582 )   PDF (888KB) ( 2447 )   In recent years, the antitrust policy on patent pool of the United States is becoming looser ever than before, when the policy has become more tolerant since 1995. The United States not only abandon the internationally recognized principle of "fair, reasonable, and nondiscriminatory" (FRAND), and impose no restrictions on licensing royalty rates of patent pool, but also agree compulsory package licensing and only apply "rule of reason" and exclude "per se rule" in the antitrust review of patent pools. In addition, the U.S. courts have changed the identification rule of "non-essential patent" in the pool. Affected by above sitution, as the major international patent pool licensees, Chinese enterprises will be more difficult to resist the patent pool royalty exploitation and compulsory package licensing. The difficulty for filing an antitrust lawsuit in U.S. will also be increase. The impacts could be found from the case of Wuxi Multimedia versus DVD3C patent pool in June 2008. Therefore, the establishment of China's antitrust system against patent pool needs to be accelerated in behalf of national interest. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The development of technological protectionof intellectual property right of transgenic technology in China Bai Zhenzhong 2011, 32(11): 84-90.  Abstract ( 1597 )   PDF (897KB) ( 2078 )   Transnational agro-biological companies have been seeking technological measures,which replace other law measures,to protect its intellectual property right in the field of transgenic technology of crops. Therefore, Genetic Use Restriction Technologies(GURTs) have beeh established later; these technologies are becoming an excessive mode of intellectual property right protection now by its special mechnism of occupation. However,GURTs had been hauled into the whirlpool of debate after one of GURTs was awarded patent for the first time. The facts show that transnational agro-biological companies do not ease its research on GURTs and also do not slow down its commercial production in the technologies in order to safeguard their own benefit.China has also to face this facts in the future. GURTs' developing prospects in China is strenuously discussed based on its impacts on agricultural development, and it is deemed that the research and spread of GURTs might increase agricultural production efficiency and give a new way to protect intellectual property right of transgenic technology for Chia. Moreover, the bigger power in R&D of transgenic technology and the higher acceptance level to the GMFs in China would be of benefit to its extension and exploitation,while,the actions of farmers' reserving feeds will only have a limited impact.The conclusions are that on the one hand,Chinese government should play for safety before the potential impacts of GURTs draw a definitive conclusion, on the other hand, China might allow its import of the safer T-GURTs in order to go with the current and based on the principle of seeking advantages and avoiding disadvantages;and the last, some advices are given. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Risk-sharing model in ERP project based on risk control Zhu Zongqian, Li Yanxia, Zhang Mei 2011, 32(11): 91-99.  Abstract ( 1662 )   PDF (1061KB) ( 2577 )   It is effective to control risks in the implementation of Enterprise Resource Planning(ERP) project through quantifying and practicing the responsibility on each risk-sharing party. From the perspective of risk control, a risk-sharing index system for ERP project with a focus on various risks in ERP,which involved the statistical analysis of relevant literature and the interviews for ERP practitioners, is created. Further,with a comparison of four main risk-sharing approaches, a risk-sharing model for ERP project is established based on Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process(FAHP). And catering to the features of data acquisition for the given risk-sharing index system, triangular fuzzy numbers are introduced in the computing process. Thus, the risk-sharing model in ERP project provides the theoretical basis for the effective risk-control in ERP research and implementation. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The formation and evolution of risk in cross-border acquisition based on the integration of organizational culture Chen Feiqiong, Huang Yiliang 2011, 32(11): 100-106.  Abstract ( 1683 )   PDF (1018KB) ( 2476 )   The unsuccessful integration of organizational culture is a very important factor which causes the failure of cross-border acquisition. The mechanisms of the formation and evolution of risk in cross-border acquisition are discribed by analyzing some important factors, such as the relationship between organizational culture difference and the risk of cross-border acquisition, the types of organizational culture, the modes of organizational culture integration, and the culture studying between enterprises in the process of organizational culture integration in cross-border acquisition, etc. According to the mechanisms, the evolution trend of the risk of culture integration in cross-border acquisition is shown by using the method of simulation. At last, some advises which would be of benefit to promote the successful cross-border acquisitions of the enterprises in China are given. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Does brain drain cause human capital accumulation Wang Dejin 2011, 32(11): 107-114.  Abstract ( 1687 )   PDF (918KB) ( 2316 )   The Granger causality between human capital and immigrants with higher eduction is tested and measured in the framenork of VAR model system, and the transfer function model between two of them is estimated. The positive effect that brain drain induces human capital accumulation is confirmed, and its transfer mechanism is analyzed. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research performance management of doctoral students in difference subjects Gu Jibao, Lin Yu 2011, 32(11): 115-122.  Abstract ( 1665 )   PDF (1111KB) ( 2497 )   The research performance of doctoral students is recognized as the overall reflection of research outcome, the level of research performance would directly evaluate the quality of doctoral education. Therefore, the performance management plays a key role in the education quality. In existed studies, the impact factors selection for doctoral research performance is not systematic, and the impact of subjects on the doctoral research performance is never considered before. The SCI-journals rate which doctoral students publish papers in is selected as a dependent variable; quality of students, mentor influence, and learning performance are selected as impact factors of research performance, and subjects are selected as the moderator(comparison between physics and chemistry). The samples are collected from graduated doctoral students of University of Science and Technology of China (USTC) in the years of 2002 and 2003, which are 139 students with the major in physics and 167 students in chemistry. The results of Logistic regression analysis indicate that subject moderate the relationship among doctoral students' research performance, quality of students, mentor's academic status, and number of students. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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An entrepreneurial process model based on systematic theory Ye Minghai, Wang Yinyin, Zhang Yuchen 2011, 32(11): 123-130.  Abstract ( 1675 )   PDF (1125KB) ( 2217 )   The entrepreneurial process is examined and a systematic theory-based entrepreneurial process model (ORSO Model) which includes entrepreneurial opportunity, entrepreneurial resource, entrepreneurial strategy, and entrepreneurial outcome is constructed. This model not only describes general characteristics of entrepreneurial process, but also reflexes the interaction among entrepreneurial process, macro environment, and micro environment. Therefore, it could be used to explain general entrepreneurship and serial entrepreneurship. ORSO Model expands the theoretic framework of entrepreneurial process research, enriches the theory of entrepreneurial process, and provides the help for entrepreneurial activities in real life. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The evaluation of stakeholders' satisfaction with the eco-industrial parks based on combined weights Shang Hua 2011, 32(11): 131-138,147.  Abstract ( 1528 )   PDF (944KB) ( 1820 )   The evaluation index system of the stakeholders' satisfaction with the eco-industrial parks is built, and the weights of the index are determined by the combination of G1 method and entropy method. Based on the fuzzy mathematics principle,the stakeholders' satisfaction evaluation model is set up, and the Dalian DDZ as an empirical study is followed after. The results show that the overall satisfaction lever with the parks is relatively high,and the order of the five stakeholders' satisfaction is the market, the community residents, the government,the venous businesses, and the other businesses in turn. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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IT investment and firm performance in the perspective of organizational slack Chen Yuanyuan, Qi Zhongying 2011, 32(11): 139-147.  Abstract ( 1931 )   PDF (974KB) ( 2387 )   How does organizational slack change? What is the relationship between organizational slack and firm performance in the different stages of IT investment? The variety of unabsorbed slack and absorbed slack during the process of IT investment, and the correlation between organizational slack and firm performance are analyzed. The hypotheses are tested using finance data in the period of 1994-2008 from 196 manufacturing listed companies in China. Five of six hypotheses are confirmed. There is higher unabsorbed slack in the early stage of IT investment, and there is higher absorbed slack in the run-in stage of IT investment. The correlation between unabsorbed slack and firm performance is positive in the process of IT investment. In contrast, absorbed slack presents a negative correlation with the firm performance. The results indicate that organizational slack is the medial variable between IT investment and firm performance. It reflects the affection of IT on the management. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Intellectual property right protection and technological innovation: A theoretical analysis He Guicai, Yu Yongda 2011, 32(11): 148-156,164.  Abstract ( 2042 )   PDF (1136KB) ( 2700 )   Since Intellectual Property Right(IPR) protection is vital for the innovative activities of enterprises, the relationship between IPR protection policy and technological innovation is analyzed by constructing two theoretical models from the perspective of technical structure variables. The economic models indicate that stricter IPR protection will have different effects among industries with diverse technological structures in developing countries. To be specific, tightening IPR protection stimulates more innovation of technological- leading firms in developing countries in the context of larger technological gap from developed countries. However, in the context of smaller technological gap from outside, stricter IPR protection will have different impacts on the innovation, that is, stricter IPR protection enhances the innovation of neck-and-neck firms, however, hampers the innovation of the lagged firms. Therefore, distinguishing the different structure of each industry which includes the technological gap with developed countries and technological deviation within the industry will become the basis for the IPR policy-making. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The mechanism to cope with the uncertainty in project management Cao Chunhui, Xi Youmin, Zhang Xiaojun, Ge Jing 2011, 32(11): 157-164.  Abstract ( 1600 )   PDF (1005KB) ( 2508 )   By reviewing the primary project management modes, two mechanisms, that is, formal mechanism and relational mechanism, that to cope with the uncertainty in project management from a relationship-building perspective are identified. Furthermore, by exploring the sources of the uncertainty in project management on the basis of principals of HEXIE(harmonious) management theory to cope with uncertainty, it is found that the optimal configuration of formal and relational mechanisms depends on the types of uncertainty involved in project management; formal mechanism is best suited to object-based uncertainty, and relational governance is best suited to human-based uncertainty, while the complement between the two mechanisms is suited to the mixture of both object and human-based uncertainty according to the critical task of the project. Finally, an analytical framework to cope with the uncertainty is developed and future research directions are discussed. References | Related Articles | Metrics