Abstract: Enhancing transition from scientific researcher to entrepreneur is one of significant means for increasing the transfer ratio of scientific and technological outcome. However, the literatures on this subject are few. A research model based on role identity theory is constructed for understanding the transition route from scientific researcher to entrepreneur. By using two entrepreneurs case studies, two models which are referred to university-driven contradictory entrepreneurs and roundabout entrepreneurs are put forward. The effects of the initial conditions for two types of entrepreneurs including conditions of technology, individual, and market are also discussed. The research findings have enriched the literatures on entrepreneurship. The findings are also practically instructive for scientific researcher to achieve role transition and for scientific research administrator to make relevant policies.

Key words: role identity theory, scientific research personnel, entrepreneur, transition path, case study