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24 March 2007, Volume 28 Issue 2 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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Studies on framework for science-technology evaluation using soft system nethodology Meng Wei, John Mingers, Liu Wenbin 2007, 28(2): 1-8.  Abstract ( 1745 )   PDF (1210KB) ( 2549 )   Science-technology evaluation is a complex and multi-objective task.Nowadays,emphasis on evaluation has been placed not only on increasing research outcomes,but also on improving research productivity and contributions to socio-economic development.It is important but complex to develop an open,fair,and effective evaluation framework for science-technology evaluation.Based on Soft System Methodology(SSM),a possible framework for science and technology evaluation is discussed.SSM focuses not only on research outcomes,but also on internal operational management.In particular,how to form 3E indicator systems in science and technology evaluation through SSM system analysis,and how to select evaluation methodologies for different 3E indicator classes are investigated.A case study is also briefly discussed. Related Articles | Metrics

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The application of fuzzy DEA with preference information on the evaluation of institutions Guan Zhongcheng, Xu Hui, Xiong Huiqin 2007, 28(2): 9-14.  Abstract ( 1649 )   PDF (960KB) ( 2388 )   Evaluation is indispensable to the effective management of research institutions,especially the efficiency assessment is so important that it can compel the institutions to best their resource utilization.The problems usually encountered in the evaluation process,such as the selection of the indicators,the combination of quantitative and qualitative evaluation method and the explanation of the evaluation outcome etc are analyzed.Regarding these problems,the fuzzy DEA with preference information model is presented.It makes use of the fuzzy method to preprocess the quantitative data and the qualitative information.Based on the fuzzy data,the DEA with preference information model in practice is tested.The result shows that since this model can have a deeper insight into the institution efficiency analysis,it is better than standard DEA models. Related Articles | Metrics

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An empirical study on entrepreneur opportunity evaluation based on cognitive theory Ren Xulin, Wang Zhongming 2007, 28(2): 15-18.  Abstract ( 2407 )   PDF (963KB) ( 9980 )   It has been found that opportunity evaluation is a key factor in entrepreneurial cognitive theory.71 small business entrepreneurs and 82 corporate managers are investigated in terms of their evaluation to entrepreneurial opportunities.It is found that entrepreneurs' cognitive mechanism could be considered as a process.In the process,either entrepreneurs' cognitive biases directly or through their risk perception indirectly affected their opportunity evaluation.It is also found that entrepreneurs take more cognitive biases than corporate managers. Related Articles | Metrics

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Parametric cost estimation according to activity-based costing Guo Chunming, Shen Yanan 2007, 28(2): 19-26.  Abstract ( 1678 )   PDF (1248KB) ( 2161 )   Cost estimation plays an important role in new product development;the two limitations in current parametric cost estimation are pointed out.Namely,the reasons of cost forming can not be identified,fed back and controlled,and the price fluctuation of resources market is not adequately considered.According to the ideas from activity-based costing that "products consume activities and activities consume resources",a three dimensional cost estimation model including logic dimension,data dimension and time dimension is established. The use of house of quality(HoQ) to estimate main parameters is discussed.Finally,the Radical Based Function(RBF) neural network is adopted to establish the Activity Estimation Relationships(AER) and an example of AER is given. Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis and evaluation of tacit knowledge transferring risks in collaborative innovation based on risks matrix Su Shibin, Huang Ruihua 2007, 28(2): 27-34,92.  Abstract ( 1831 )   PDF (1634KB) ( 2460 )   In the knowledge economy era of 21st century,on the one hand,collaborative innovation has become a valid ways for enterprises to accumulate and create knowledge.On the other hand,risks cognition and risks management breakthrough traditional model which oriented by resources,costs and scale, risks will play more important role in knowledge cognition and risks management.Therefore,the study on knowledge transferring risks in collaborative innovation has become one of the hot topics currently.As the important role of tacit knowledge in collaborative innovation,from the angle of the sender of tacit knowledge,the risk characteristics of transferring tacit knowledge in collaborative innovation,and the risks of tacit knowledge transferring in collaborative innovation by risks matrix are studied.Meanwhile,it simulates impact rating,and the occurrence probability of various risks of tacit knowledge transferring in collaborative innovation by Monte Carlo method.Then,the risk rating of difference risks is drawn,the result provides basement to eliminate important risks. Related Articles | Metrics

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An evaluation model of innovative efficiency on national research institutes Zhang Feng, Huo Guoqing 2007, 28(2): 35-42.  Abstract ( 1583 )   PDF (1349KB) ( 2609 )   Raising the Innovative Efficiency of the National Research Institutes(IENRI) is very important for increasing independent innovative capability and building an innovative-type nation.The evaluation of the IENRI can provide the policy support for the improvement of the IENRI.An evaluation model and measuring method of the IENRI is put forward.The evaluation model includes the concept models of the innovation output,the innovation input,and the innovative efficiency.The latter consists of innovation output per capital,and innovation output per unit of budget.The measuring method includes the accounting of the innovation output,the innovation input,and the innovative efficiency.The evaluation and statistical analysis of the innovative efficiency of the 19 national research institutes during the past 9 years in China is described,and some discoveies has made.There is the "diminishing returns of the innovation output per unit of budget".When the research budget per capital increases and exceeds a critical value,the innovation output per unit of budget will decrease.The evaluation model and measuring method of the IENRI are efficacious and are restricted in a certain extent. Related Articles | Metrics

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Trust,control and growth crisis in partnership enterprises:An explanation from theaspect of entrepreneurial human capital and psychological ownership Bao Gongmin, Ju Fanghui 2007, 28(2): 43-52.  Abstract ( 1469 )   PDF (1041KB) ( 2625 )   After a rapid growth,partnership enterprises often undergo a critical stage.During this period,conflicts within the firm are severe and the cooperation between partners is faced with agreat crisis.With the absence of efficient internal contracts,the decrease of trust level and transform of trust structure can be the direct causation of the deterioration of cooperative relation.The combination of entrepreneurial human capital and psychological ownership can provide a deep understanding of the trust deterioration. Related Articles | Metrics

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A review on the mechanism of firm growth Wu Aiqi, Jia Shenghua 2007, 28(2): 53-58.  Abstract ( 1572 )   PDF (950KB) ( 2550 )   The focus of the theory of firm growth mechanism is on how firms achieve growth.There are mainly three modes and mechanisms of firm growth,namely organic growth,acquired growth and network based growth.And these three mechanisms are matched with the strategic thoughts of firm resource based schools,environment schools,resources dependence schools,and clusters schools respectively. Related Articles | Metrics

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A study on cultural impact upon top management team of joint ventures Jing Runtian, Meng Taisheng 2007, 28(2): 59-65.  Abstract ( 1639 )   PDF (971KB) ( 2789 )   The cultural conflict and team process in joint ventures are analyzed.Firstly,the importance of cultural difference influence upon top management team is emphasized.Secondly in order to explain the contradiction of previous studies,a dynamic evolution model of management team is set up.Finally,the cultural impact upon the three phases of team evolution process,such as establishing team structure,conflict resolution,and cohesion enhancing is analyzed.And managerial suggestion is also raised. Related Articles | Metrics

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A model of technological innovation based on balanced scorecard Gao Xirong, Liu Wei 2007, 28(2): 66-70.  Abstract ( 1644 )   PDF (972KB) ( 2272 )   A model of business technological innovation based on balanced scorecard is established according to the relationship between technological innovation and business strategy.Applying the model,business technological innovation could be planed,controlled,and managed by the balanced scorecard.And the risks coming from the innovation can be effectively reduced,and the innovation is made more efficiently when business technological innovation directly connects with business strategies and strategical performances. Related Articles | Metrics

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An analysis of the technological innovation efficiency in Chinese pharmaceutical industry Luo Yafei, Jiao Yucan 2007, 28(2): 71-77.  Abstract ( 1763 )   PDF (970KB) ( 3006 )   A vertical evaluation to the technological innovation efficiency in Chinese pharmaceutical industry is made by using C2R model of DEA method.The result shows that the ineffective usage of resource,the lack of patent output,and the small scale of enterprises causes Chinese pharmaceutical industry ineffective.According to the specific situation of China,the detailed explanation to the result is presented,and some suggestions are set forward. Related Articles | Metrics

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A study on impact of external environment on R&D input of enterprises:Empirical analysis on panel data of Chinese industries Chen Zhongchang, Yu Xiang 2007, 28(2): 78-84,123.  Abstract ( 1837 )   PDF (1729KB) ( 2955 )   The increase of corporate R&D input is very helpful for strengthening the corporate ability of self-innovation.In order to analyze the environmental effects of market need,industrial competition and external financial environment on R&D input of enterprises,the panel data of Chinese large and medium-sized enterprises are used.The result shows that the need of new product has a positive impact on R&D input of enterprises,but it is not strong enough;while the intensive competition in industries hasn't shown a general positive impact and the external financial environment needs further improvement. Related Articles | Metrics

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A real option pricing model for R&D projects and empirical study Wang Yixiang 2007, 28(2): 85-92.  Abstract ( 1594 )   PDF (1029KB) ( 2321 )   The movement for the value of the underlying asset of R&D real options is neither purely a geometric Brownian motion,nor simply a jump process,but a combination of the both.Based on this assumption,a model more suitable for assessing real options value of R&D projects is built,and Philips′ case is adopted to carry out empirical study. Related Articles | Metrics

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A dynamic study on relation between university R&D and patent output of the capital region Wu Yuming, He Jiankun 2007, 28(2): 93-98.  Abstract ( 1587 )   PDF (964KB) ( 2470 )   The dynamic econometric relationship between the research university R&D expenditure and patent application of capital region is analyzed,employing methods of PDL,ADF unit root test,cointegration analysis and Granger causal analysis of dynamic econometrics.The results show:(1) the lag time of the R&D influence on the capital regional patent output is two years;(2) on average,when the R&D expenditure of research universities increases 1%,the patent output of the capital region will increase 0.3%,and the patent output of the capital region increases 0.6% percent altogether in three years;(3) although the trend relationship between the research university R&D expenditure and patent output has a long-run and stationary equilibrium tendency,the research university R&D expenditure does not have a prospective and stimulative function on the patent output of the capital region;(4) the patent output is the Granger causality of the R&D expenditure of research university,but the R&D expenditure does not promote the patent output of the capital regional growth effectively,and a alternating feedback mechanism has not been set up. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of regional soft milieu on enterprise competitiveness and its evaluation system Fan Jun 2007, 28(2): 99-104.  Abstract ( 1488 )   PDF (1027KB) ( 2275 )   Regional soft milieu consists of six factors: government,society,business legislation,market,education and science,and financial service.Through the relationship of outer factor of enterprise competitiveness,regional soft milieu takes effect on enterprise's resource and essential factor of knowledge in various means,and consequently shows its effect on enterprise's competence.An evaluation system based on AHP is set up,and an empirical study on Zhejiang province's regional soft milieu is given. Related Articles | Metrics

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An analysis to the possibility of regional new economy industry development in China Wang Zheng, He Qiong, Xie Shuling, Chen Jianguo 2007, 28(2): 105-111.  Abstract ( 1561 )   PDF (1639KB) ( 2749 )   The new economy industry has been keystone of industrial development in China.The new economy industries of the developmental pulse of China are summed up,and the regional development of high-tech industry in China with location quotients technique is analyzed.According to the fact,the possibility of industry in every region is tested.The results indicate that the high-tech industries advanced by provinces aren't completely fit for their comparative advantage. Related Articles | Metrics

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Discussing on the analytic method of complicated system for technological introduction in enterprises Wang Heping, Qian Xingsan 2007, 28(2): 112-117.  Abstract ( 1335 )   PDF (1245KB) ( 2504 )   Technological introduction has not affected on more enterprises,one of reasons is that technological introduction can't be looked as complicate system to do analytical investigation.In order to put Complicated System for Technological Introduction(CSTI) in beneficial cycle,IDEF method based on hierarchy theory to CSTI is applyed.The technological absorption,which less works has been done by researchers at home and abroad,is emphasized and this process is demonstrated. Related Articles | Metrics

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A study on comprehensive risk pre-warning system for SME credit guarantee institutions Li Wei, Wan Difang, Yuan Linjie 2007, 28(2): 118-123.  Abstract ( 1643 )   PDF (1040KB) ( 2501 )   The thresholds of risk indexes are presented.A risk warning model by the signal theory and a risk prediction model by the gray system theory for SME credit guarantee institutions are set up.Based on those models,a comprehensive risk warning system for SME credit guarantee institutions integrating the pre-warning model and the prediction model is establised.The system is tested by examples.The comprehensive risk warning system will provide credit guarantee institutions an effective ways to control their risks. Related Articles | Metrics

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Cross-fields study of modularity Li Jinghua 2007, 28(2): 124-130.  Abstract ( 1614 )   PDF (1011KB) ( 1886 )   Modularity is a process of decomposition and integration of whole system.The situation of modularity is in a middle section of the complexity continuum.It has been applied to wide fields such as economics,society,pshycology,and design and production,etc.A cross-fields union framework for modularity analysis is established through comparing multi-fields study results.Its significance is in the philosophy and methodology. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research on selection model and demonstration of transformation patterns for development type institutes Liu Shuqing, Xiang Linyong, Duan Baomin 2007, 28(2): 131-138,130.  Abstract ( 1410 )   PDF (1697KB) ( 2558 )   Learning from strategy management theory and multi-objective decision making theory,a model evaluating and selecting transformation patterns for development-type institutes is put forward.The selection thought way of transformation patterns is discussesed.And based on giving the applicability evaluation index system of transformation patterns,the quantitative selection scheme in the selection model based on applicability evaluation for transformation patterns is designed.Based on confirming the feasibility and acceptability evaluation index system,applying ELECTRE sequence method,the quantitative optimization scheme of transformation patterns based on feasibility and acceptability evaluation is explored.Finally,in order to make the demonstration,a certain institute for example is taken and the selection results and suggestions of transformation patterns are given. Related Articles | Metrics

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Diffusion model of the multi-brand strategy based new products in the context of habitual purchase Wang Peng, Sun Hua, Wang Xian 2007, 28(2): 139-145.  Abstract ( 1539 )   PDF (1043KB) ( 2451 )   On the basis of adding the obstruct coefficient into the Bass diffusion model so as to reflect the impact of habitual purchase on diffusion of new products.By applying the theories of consuming behavior studies and probability process,and with a rational estimate of the transference probability of customers' expectation,the diffusion model of the multi-brand strategy based new products in the context of habitual purchase is constructed. Related Articles | Metrics

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An analysis on economic benefit of the awarding achievements of the national S&T awards Wei Huaian, Hu Xiaojun 2007, 28(2): 146-151.  Abstract ( 1818 )   PDF (942KB) ( 2429 )   Economic benefit is one of the most important evaluation criteria of the National Invention Awards and the National Progress Awards in S&T.From the perspective of the positive analysis of economic benefit during the years 2000-2003,it is remarkable that the National S&T Awards help enormously to transform scientific and technological results into economic benefit.Therefore,strengthening the follow-up management and study for awarding fruits and making further support to its marketing are contributed to improve economic benefit. Related Articles | Metrics

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Technology and methods of agile logistics operation to support quick customer response Liu Xiaoqun, Ma Shihua 2007, 28(2): 152-159,151.  Abstract ( 1590 )   PDF (1795KB) ( 2459 )   Quick customer response based on agile logistics operation is needed because of the increasing of demand's uncertainty,the shortening of product life cycle and the intensifying of market competition.Recur to optimum production technology and value chain analysis,the total response time shortening of supply chain as general principle of agile logistics operation is put forward.After analyzing some typical agile logistics operation methods including supply chain process management,Vendor Management Inventory(VMI) and logistics postponement,the supply chain relationship management and the sharing of customer's demand information are offered as the important support to agile logistics operation.Finally,combined with one actual case of manufacturing industry,process reconstruction method supporting agile logistics operation is analyzed. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research on knowledge management in manufacturing enterprise Pan Xing, Wang Jun, Liu Lu 2007, 28(2): 160-166.  Abstract ( 1439 )   PDF (1144KB) ( 2732 )   On the basis of analysis the fundamental application processes of knowledge management in manufacturing enterprise,some issues on knowledge management in manufacturing enterprise are researched.Through analyzing knowledge requirements and knowledge solutions in manufacturing enterprise and the relations between knowledge composition and individual knowledge,six knowledge management strategies are presented.They are knowledge deposition strategy,knowledge protection strategy,knowledge transfer strategy,knowledge sharing strategy,knowledge innovation strategy,and knowledge incentive strategy.These strategies are all effective and availability for most manufacturing enterprises to implement knowledge management.The research is based on the knowledge management project of an aviation manufacturing enterprise in China.And the research result is universal and applicable for manufacturing industry,especially for aviation manufacturing enterprise. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research on development and effect of Multinational Corporations core-periphery structure Li Bo, Xing Hua, Li Lianshui 2007, 28(2): 167-172.  Abstract ( 1512 )   PDF (947KB) ( 2332 )   When Multinational Corporations invest in the host countries,their spatial distribution often takes on the core-periphery structure.Factors affecting the core-periphery structure include scale economy,geographical factors and institutional factors and so on.There are typical core-periphery structures in Pearl River Delta and Yangtze River Delta of China,which have different mechanisms and processes.Comparing with dispersed location of the Multinational Corporation,the core-periphery structure not only facilitates positive feedback to expedite ingress of the Multinational Corporation,but also promotes technology diffusion and knowledge spillover to improve regional innovation capability. Related Articles | Metrics

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Empirical research on technology spillover performance of FDI in Wuhan city Xiao Deyun, Wang Shuli, Zhu Jinsheng 2007, 28(2): 173-179.  Abstract ( 1457 )   PDF (1116KB) ( 2291 )   The methods of regression and co-integration and Granger causality test are adopted to do empirical research on relationship between FDI and economy growth,FDI and industry structure optimizing,FDI and Total Factor Productivity(TFP).It is found that FDI promotes neither economy growth,nor industry structure optimizing in Wuhan city.FDI and TFP have a causality relationship.As a whole,technology spillover effect of FDI is very low because that industry absorbed FDI is not reasonable and quality of labor is not high.At last,countermeasures of FDI development of Wuhan city are put forward. Related Articles | Metrics

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Impact of technology standard's patent pool on self-determined innovation of China Zhu Xuezhong, Zhan Ying, Jiang Xunming 2007, 28(2): 180-186.  Abstract ( 1563 )   PDF (958KB) ( 2875 )   With the combining of technology standard and patent,the technology standard's patent pool is becoming more and more important patent licenser.A perspective of developing country is adopted and the impact of technology standard's patent pool on self-determined innovation of China is analyzed.During the forming patent pool,the anticipation into the pool can strongly inspirit Chinese self-determined innovation,but also lead to overlap of R&D activity.On the other hand,the uncertainty of technology standard may hinder self-determined innovation.After formation of patent pool,it can improve innovation ability through promoting technology diffusion and spillover.At the same time,the intellectual property right misuse of patent pool as well as "free-riding" in the pool and the status of incumbents could block innovation. Related Articles | Metrics

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Implementation of China WAPI criterion in the face of plight and its enlightenments Zhu Yunwei, Yi Kaigang 2007, 28(2): 187-191.  Abstract ( 1592 )   PDF (989KB) ( 2278 )   The formulation of WAPI criterion was an important trial implementation of criterion strategy in the high-tech industry field of China.Chinese WAPI criterion is deterred without time limit.It is caused by all kinds of reasons,and brought some losses.Compared with the South Korean successful experiences in mandatory implementation of WIPI criterion,the case could provide some useful enlightenments as following: First,the formulation and implementation of state criterion must comply with the open,fair and impartial principles,and strenghten the transparency of policy-making.Second,the formulation and implementation of high-tech criterion should be well considered and elaborately devised,and avoid to be formulated hurriedly.Third,the criterion is a nominal technology union,and should be formulated and improved by enterprises jointly.Fourth,It should promote the uninterrupted growth of the enterprise' strength,and at the same time,strengthen the unity and coordination between the enterprises. Related Articles | Metrics