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25 March 2014, Volume 35 Issue 3 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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The construction and application of a function-analyzing model for innovation systems Mu Rongping, Yang Lifeng, Lin Jie 2014, 35(3): 1-7.  Abstract ( 1437 )   This article explores the nature and connotation of innovation, constructs a function-analyzing model for innovation systems based on the newly interpretation of innovation, and investigates the function evolution process of China's wind power industry. We argue that the nature of innovation is a complex value creation process, and the main function of an innovation system is to create new values, including scientific value, technical value, economic value, social value and cultural value. There are inherent relations between the composition and structure of innovation system, the function of innovation system and innovation policies, and these three modules together form a closed loop. The function evolution analysis of China's wind power sectoral innovation system shows that the development of China's wind industry has stage characteristics and follows both policy routes and technical routes. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research on the climate index of national science and technological innovation based on the climate status measurement—Taking China, US, Japan, France and Germany as examples Yang Wu, Xiao Junxiong, Xie Shiyu 2014, 35(3): 8-17.  Abstract ( 1471 )   As the concept of regional innovation system becomes a basic analytical framework to formulate the policy of regional innovation, academia and the government increased the measurement research on the regional innovation index. However, the current innovation index is based on innovation ability and innovation performance. These indexes are lack of time sequence, and with the problem of dynamic timeliness, lacking of early warning function, and indicators are too broad to reflect the state of the science and technology innovation. All of these factors make scientific and technological innovation policy guidance weak. Building the scientific and technological innovation climate index which is based on the innovation cycle theory from the perspective of the climate status, this paper not only conducts an empirical study on China and other four countries, but also builds the early warning signal system for national scientific and technological innovation climate index. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Mechanism of impact of innovation openness on open innovation performance Yan Chun, Cai Ning 2014, 35(3): 18-24.  Abstract ( 1743 )   Based on revealed relationship between innovation openness and innovation performance, the thesis subdivided the variables by means of literature analysis. Through adopting two mediating variables which both have important impacts on open innovation——innovation orientation and business model, the thesis constructed a more comprehensive theoretical model and conducted the process of model operationalizaiton. After that, the authors collected large sample of questionnaire data, and applied Structural Equation Model (SEM) to carry out empirical model verification and modification, thus deepened the understanding of the mechanism between innovation openness and open innovation performance. The conclusion indicates that innovation orientation and business model play mediating roles between innovation openness and open innovation performance. Although the impact of subdivided innovation openness (explorative innovation openness and exploitative innovation openness) on open innovation performance appears in forms of financial index in final, their performance contributions are considerably different in forming mechanisms. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of knowledge sourcing strategy, absorptive capacity on innovation output Fu Jing, Zhu Guilong 2014, 35(3): 25-34.  Abstract ( 1627 )   This paper proposes an integrative conceptual model for understanding the influence of knowledge sourcing strategies, absorptive capacity on firm's innovation output. Then with data collected from 343 firms with technological center in Guangdong Province, an empirical study is carried out. The results show that the firm's internal R&D affects PAC and RAC directly, but external R&D cooperation just improves PAC directly and improves RAC indirectly. Also, PAC is positively related to firm's innovative financial performance but has no direct impact on innovation performance; the effect of RAC is the opposite. Finally, it is found that there is a synergy effect between internal R&D investment and the breadth of firm's knowledge base, and a substitution effect between it and external R&D cooperation. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Impact of international patent collaboration and citation on innovation performance Chen Zifeng, Guan Jiancheng 2014, 35(3): 35-42.  Abstract ( 1627 )   As two important channels for knowledge diffusion, patent collaboration and citation are significant for innovation activities as they can help innovators to obtain external knowledge in order to reduce their internal innovation input and risk. The influence of patent collaboration and citation on innovation performance has been studied for 16 main innovation countries at national level according to their patent performance during 1981-2007 with the help of negative binomial model. In additional, the influence of absorptive capacity has been involved. The study findings imply the positive effects of cross-border collaboration and absorptive capacity on both innovation quantity and quality, and the positive effect of cross-border citation on innovation quality, while its effect on innovation quantity has not been evidenced in this study. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Knowledge transfer mechanism between front - and back - offices in the launch stage of new service development Li Jinghua, Ma Xin 2014, 35(3): 43-50.  Abstract ( 1387 )   In recent years, with the development and maturity of China's financial service market, small and medium-sized commercial banks increasingly play unique roles in providing a wide range of financial services to small and medium-sized enterprises. To better develop new products, knowledge transfer activities between front- and back- offices have become increasingly active. In this paper, we adopted an integrated research method with multiple cases, and carried out an inductive cross-case analysis on the mechanism of knowledge transfer between front- and back- offices in small and medium-sized commercial banks in the launch stage of new service development. Loan products provided by two small and medium-sized banks in Zhejiang Province were selected as research objects, the model "Activities in Launch Stage-Knowledge Transfer between Front- and Back- Offices-Performance in New Service Development" was constructed, and the moderating effects of organizational culture and trust in relationships were verified. The conclusion is: in the context of innovation in such knowledge-intensive service sector as small and medium-sized banks, the willingness of knowledge transfer (absorption) is the leading factor to the success of knowledge transfer in new service development. This conclusion made in the launch stage of new service development shows that the study of new service development has gone beyond the traditional domain of service marketing and needs to be reexamined. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Innovation efficiency evaluation of the innovation subjects and their regional difference Yu Dongyun, Jin Xiangrong 2014, 35(3): 51-57.  Abstract ( 1436 )   This paper evaluates the innovation efficiencies and determinants of China's three main innovation bodies - enterprises, universities and institutes by building stochastic frontier module, and gives an empirical research of the panel data that covers 30 provinces in China during 1999 to 2008. The results show that all the innovation activities of the three main bodies depend much on innovation resources, and the innovation efficiencies of them are all lower than 1, enterprises perform worst. Technological inefficiency factors notably exist. Governmental funds and the linkage of the main bodies have distinct roles. Moreover, the cluster analysis reveals that there are considerably less enterprise innovation high-efficiency areas, and relatively more university and institute innovation high-efficiency areas. Efficiency differences between the main bodies of the regional innovation, and the differences between the areas show the power source and characteristics of the development of the regional innovation. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Organizational unlearning and innovative performance：the mediating role of strategic flexibility Lu Yanqiu, Zhao Yingxin, Cui Yuehui, Wang Xiangyang 2014, 35(3): 58-65.  Abstract ( 1724 )   Based on the relevant literature, the authors take strategic flexibility as a mediator and put forward the model among organizational unlearning, strategic flexibility and innovative performance. Then an empirical study is conducted using structure equation model.The empirical results reveal that the indirect effect of organizational unlearning influencing innovative performance is significant, but the direct effect is not significant. Meanwhile, strategic flexibility mediates the relationship between organizational unlearning and innovative performance. Furthermore, resource flexibility mediating the relationship between organizational unlearning and innovative performance is far greater than capability flexibility. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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New ventures’ entrepreneurial orientation, connectionutilization and performance An Shunyu, Cai Li, Shan Biaoan 2014, 35(3): 66-74.  Abstract ( 1599 )   On the basis of anin-depth analysis of the uniqueness of the transitional economies and market environment, this paperproposes that there is a unique feature when new ventures adopt entrepreneurial orientation in the transitional economies. Meanwhile, we explore the transformation mechanism of entrepreneurial orientation to new ventures' performance based on the connection view. The data results obtained based on 149 new ventures' sample in Changchun, Jilin show that entrepreneurial orientation positively promotes performance, the use of business connections and governmentconnections positively enhance the performance, and business connections and government connections will positively mediate the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and performance. The results deepen the theory of entrepreneurial orientation under transition economies context. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The time effect and phase features of team learning under episodic change Deng Jinzhao, Yu Shaozhong 2014, 35(3): 75-81.  Abstract ( 1275 )   This paper discussed multi-effects on team adaptability of state goal orientation and interaction processes through experimental simulation method given to 66 3-person teams decision-making under change scenarios of communication interruption. According to Lewin's three-phase change model, the data were analyzed by use of HLM and step regression techniques. The results showed that learning and performance orientation have positive effects on team adaptability, Change commitment of team members have moderating effects between learning orientation and team adaptability and higher level of change commitment enhanced the influences of learning orientation on team adaptability. In different change phase, the effects of team state goal orientation and team interaction processes on team role structure adaptation were different. As the times of trail raising up the probability of higher level of team role structure adaptation increased. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Workplace ostracism and employees’counterproductive work behavior：Effects of state self-control and psychological capital Yan Yanling, Zhou Erhua, Liu Ting 2014, 35(3): 82-90.  Abstract ( 2382 )   This study tries to investigate the effect of workplace ostracism (WOS) on counterproductive work behavior (CWB) and mediating role and moderating effect of state self-control (SSC) and psychological capital (PsyCap) in the above relationship based on the theory of self-control resources in the context of Chinese culture. In order to avoid the problem of common method biases, we examined the hypotheses proposed with 356 pairs of supervisor-subordinate data collected from 26 enterprises in central China. Structural equation model (SEM) was adopted to test the distinctiveness of the study variables and hypotheses. The results of SEM reveal that WOS is positively related with both employee's organizational CWB and interpersonal CWB. In addition, the results also show that SSC mediates the relationship between WOS and CWB. Finally, we find that PsyCap positively moderates the relationship between WOS and SSC, such that WOS has a greater negative influence on SSC when employee's PsyCap values are high rather than low. The findings provide theoretical basis and solution for Chinese organizations to prevent and control employee CWB caused by WOS. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Impact of job insecurity on emotional exhaustion—The moderating role of social support Zhang Li, Lin Yuchuan, Zhang Lin 2014, 35(3): 91-98.  Abstract ( 1587 )   Job insecurity, defined as a critical stressor during organizational change, not only leads employees to concern the job continuity and stability, but also triggers many psychological health problems. This study builds a moderation model to examine the moderating roles of different types of social support between job insecurity and emotional exhaustion from the cognitive and emotional perspectives. Using a sample of 197 employees from ten enterprises, this study conducted hierarchical regression analyses to verify the hypothesized model. The results indicated that cognitive and affective job insecurity were both significantly and positively related to emotional exhaustion. Instrumental support negatively moderated the relationship between cognitive job insecurity and emotional exhaustion. Emotional support attenuated the positive impact of affective job insecurity on emotional exhaustion. Thus, organizations can take specific support strategies to help employees manage job stress from cognitive and emotional perspectives in order to lower the impact of job insecurity on emotional exhaustion. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Similarity comparison research on internationalization strategy cases of Haier and Huawei based on the Grounded Theory Bai Changhong, Liu Chunhua 2014, 35(3): 99-107.  Abstract ( 1805 )   To make the enterprise stronger and bigger, adopting the internationalization development strategy is an inevitable course . The successful implementation of internationalization strategy of Haier and Huawei has important realistic and practical significance for Chinese enterprise internationalization strategy research. Grounded theory is a scientific and effective method of qualitative research. In the case of Haier and Huawei company, dominated by grounded theory as a tool of research, we concluded that the two companies in the process of implementing the internationalization strategy adopted international talent strategy and main leaders as the important influence factor. Thus, it can give other companies enlightenment and reference advice in exploring the internationalization path. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research on influencing factors and effect of R&D synergies in enterprise groups Chen Zhijun, Wang Xiaojing, Xu Peng 2014, 35(3): 108-115.  Abstract ( 1561 )   In this paper, the author chose the enterprise group R&D synergies as the object, divided the enterprise group R&D synergies into three dimensions: parent-subsidiary corporation R&D synergies, R&D synergies between subsidiaries and internal R&D synergies, then the author built evaluation form of influence factors of R&D synergies, synergies level of enterprise dimensions and R&D performance. Through regression analysis, this paper validated the effect that the following four factors, including the strategic orientation, organizational culture, incentive mechanism and the communication mechanism, exert on enterprise groups R&D collaboration:strategic orientation has positive effect on the parent and subsidiary company R&D collaboration level; the influence on internal R&D level and R&D level between subsidiary companies is not significant; organizational culture has a positive impact on internal R&D collaboration level and parent-subsidiary company R&D collaboration level, and have an unclear influence on R&D coordination level between the subsidiary company; incentive mechanism can promote the development of R&D collaboration level in the company and between subsidiary company; and the influence on parent company R&D coordination level is not significantly; communication mechanism has a positive significant impact on R&D coordination level of dimensions of Group company; on this basis, the author also studied the impact that the level dimensions of R&D coordination can achieved made on company performance. Then the author found out that the R&D coordination level has a significant positive effect on company performance between subsidiary companies, in the parent and subsidiary company, and inside the company. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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External financing,firm size and technological innovation of public company Zhou Fangzhao, Fu Jianhua, Zhong Shen 2014, 35(3): 116-122.  Abstract ( 1431 )   The ordered-probit regressions model is applied in this paper to explore the relationship among external financing, firm size and technological innovation of listed companies, and the effects of financial development and external financing on different firm's size are further discussed. Based on the empirical investigation on firm-level dataset of Chinese listed company in A-share stock market from 2007 to 2010 and the generalized variable of companies' technological innovation manually collected, the following conclusions are come to: firstly, increasingly convenient external financing has a significantly positive effect on firms' technological innovation; secondly, there is an inverse U relationship between firm size and technological innovation of listed companies; and thirdly, the financial development and external financing have a more positive effect to the technological innovation of small-scale firms. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research on correlation between core values identifying and knowledge transferring—Based on the data validation of R&D staff in state-owned enterprises Lin Zhaowen, Zhang Tongjian 2014, 35(3): 123-130.  Abstract ( 1365 )   The research of technology creativity of state-owned enterprise R&D staff is a hot topic of human resource development. The technology creativity of R&D staff is reflected in the success intelligence, and is affected by core values recognition. The traditional human resource development model is confined in narrow management subject, and has been unable to produce significant effects. Based on the sample data of state-owned enterprises R&D personnel and by means of structural equation model, the study analyzes the correlation among core value recognition, knowledge transferring and success intelligence, and finds that core value recognition has a promoting role in knowledge transferring, and that knowledge transferring has a promoting role in success intelligence, which may provide a novel way to foster the technology creativity of R&D staff of state-owned enterprises. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Empirical research on reverse technology spillover effect in China’s outward FDI—From the perspective of technology gap threshold Yin Jianhua, Zhou Xinyue 2014, 35(3): 131-139.  Abstract ( 1515 )   In considering the effects of technology gap on reverse technology spillover, the paper puts forward threshold effect model to analyze China's outward technology spillover. Main results can be drawn as follows. Firstly, there is a nonlinear relationship between technology gap and reverse technology spillover, and two threshold values for technology gap exist. Secondly, a positive reverse technology spillover exists in the high-level technology gap district. Meanwhile, a negative reverse technology spillover exists in the middle-level technology gap district. Finally, the results also show that Chinese domestic R&D stock doesn't prompt technology growth in the short term, but in the long term, we still need to strengthen the domestic research and development. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Game-theoretic analyses on distribution capability for online retailers and logistics providers Ding Bin, Luo Qiuhui 2014, 35(3): 140-146.  Abstract ( 1337 )   Considering the volatility of network selling and the characteristics of logistic service in E-commerce environments, a game model about distribution capability consisted of one online retailer and one logistics provider was established by introducing additional cost sharing factor. The paper discussed the equilibrium solution and its relationship with related parameters in the case of non-cooperation and cooperation respectively. The analysis and argumentation showed that the online retailer would not share the additional cost of logistics providers in a completely independent decision-making. Then, in the Stackelberg game, the online retailer earned more, but the profit of logistics provider was improved based on certain conditions. Furthermore, the best overall revenue of supply chain was achieved in the cooperative game, and the equilibrium with Pareto improvement solution was proved by regulating the extra cost sharing proportion. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Empirical analysis on influence mechanism of supply logistics synchronization Xie Lei, Ma Shihua, Gui Huaming, Huang Pei 2014, 35(3): 147-154.  Abstract ( 1525 )   The scale of supply logistics synchronization is developed based on enterprise investigation, literature review and experts interview. Then the scale is used to empirical study on influence mechanism of supply logistics synchronization. The partnership and information sharing are posited to affect the supply logistics synchronization and supply chain agility, and eventually impact the firm performance. We cooperate with "e-works" site to collect data by questionnaire. Through the use of confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling, results reveal that the scale has good validity and reliability; partnership and information sharing directly and positively impact the degree of supply logistics synchronization and indirectly impact supply chain agility which taking supply logistics synchronization as intermediate variable; supply logistics synchronization is taking supply chain agility as intermediate variable to indirectly positively impact the level of firm performance, while its direct effect is not significant. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Measurement method and application research on surrounding patents Zhang Mier, Meng Shanshan, Tian Ying 2014, 35(3): 155-160.  Abstract ( 1422 )   Patents are gradually evolving from protective methods into competitive tools, which results in the springing up of surrounding patents and forming of patent bubbles. Surrounding patents have made much trouble to patent management and its scientific evaluation. It has become an urgent task to construct effective measurement method and to screen out surrounding patents from the massive data. The generation mechanism and basic data of surrounding patents have been analyzed. The measurement method is proposed and an index of surrounding patents is developed based on the differences of typical patent families. Taking Apple Inc. as the research sample, the method has been used to measure and analyze surrounding patents. References | Related Articles | Metrics