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25 April 2014, Volume 35 Issue 4 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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Dynamic agglomeration externalities and enterprise innovation ability Shen Neng, Zhao Zenyao 2014, 35(4): 1-9.  Abstract ( 1667 )   The paper makes use of the manufacturing census data in China to study the effect of agglomeration externalities on the enterprise innovation ability on the basis of different enterprise scale and agglomeration(city)scale. The results indicate that innovation ability of all enterprises benefits from Marshall Externalities and Jacobs Externalities, meanwhile, the extent of impact depends on enterprise scale and agglomeration scale. Specifically, innovation ability of enterprises in small cities benefits strongly from Marshall Externalities, while that of enterprises in large cities benefits more from Jacobs Externalities. As to enterprises of different scales, small enterprises receive strong benefits from Jacobs Externalities, but large ones seldom so. In small cities, Marshall Externalities exert favorable influence on small enterprises, however, in large cities, it is Jacobs Externalities that are beneficial to small enterprises. The above conclusions can provide useful reference for making regional industrial policy and enterprise innovation strategy. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Technology opportunity analysis based on co-word analysis Pan Donghua, Xu Keke 2014, 35(4): 10-17.  Abstract ( 1265 )   Technology opportunities, the technological changes that may occur and be available in the future, is the key for enterprise to make technology innovation. Learning from the theory of technology forecasting and knowledge discovery, a triple-dimensions analytical framework including key technologies, technological frontiers and technological trends is constructed in this paper. Taking academic journals as data source, a new method of technology opportunities analysis (TOA) combining co-word analysis with the visual technique is proposed. Finally, a case of aluminum electrolysis is exemplified to illustrate the procedure of providing decision information for the enterprise's technology innovation by using TOA. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Comparative studies of the effect of international technology spillover channel on technological innovation in China：Based on provincial panel data model Zheng Zhanpeng 2014, 35(4): 18-25.  Abstract ( 1543 )   By drawing on the classic international technology spillover model, this paper constructs the International R&D spillover model of international technology spillover channels, including outward foreign direct investment (OFDI), foreign trade and foreign direct investment (FDI). The effect of international technology spillover channel on technological innovation of China is comparatively studied by utilizing the provincial panel data from the year of 2003 to 2011. The results indicate that foreign trade and OFDI have a significant positive effect on technological innovation of China. In comparison, the positive effect of foreign trade is more powerful than OFDI on technological innovation of China. The effect of FDI not only has a regional discrepancy on technological innovation of China, but also involves innovation level of technology itself. But overall, FDI has insignificant effect on technological innovation in China. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of collaborative and self-organizing innovation effectof the network crowdsourcing model Wang Shu, Chen Jin, Liang Liang 2014, 35(4): 26-33.  Abstract ( 1807 )   The Network Crowdsourcingmode ushers in the age in which the micro-individual participates in the innovation, highlights the commercial value of the wisdom of the masses,and set up an innovative platform for public participation by the end-to-end connection of the mobile interconnection to achieve a new network environment of self-organizing collaboration. By comparing with the traditional forms of organization, and based on the "RPV model" (Resource, Process, Value), this paper analyzes the complementary and symbiotic way of operation and synergistic self-organization process of knowledge-based services in the network crowdsourcing model, so that the individual may locate its position in the collaborative innovation system, forms the suboptimal combination of multi-object by means of the system coordination, and explore and analyze how the individuals and stakeholders create value through collaborative ways and means to achieve a service system in which production and consumption are included in one, creating a new mode of work in the crowdsourcing digital existence and the information age. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Empirical research on technological convergence of ICT field based on network analysis Lin Juanjuan, Chen Xiangdong 2014, 35(4): 34-43.  Abstract ( 1381 )   Technological convergence performs as a technology development of inverse diversification. Based on the analysis of the innovation effect of technological convergence and technological diversification, and their relationship with economic development, the paper carries an empirical analysis of technological diversification and technological convergence in the field of ICT industry by Shannon-Wiener index and network analysis respectively. The conclusion is that in all, the telecommunications area and other ICT area have the highest degree of diversification, but Computers &office machinery area show higher degree of diversification from a dynamic perspective and fluctuate a lot. In the technological convergence study, H04L, G06F, H04B, H04M, H04Q, H04N, G01S, G08C, and H01L show a phenomenon of intra-industry technological convergence within the ICT industry, while H05K shows inter-industry technological convergence between ICT industry and other industry. Empirical results also show that the telecommunications area is most likely to produce technological convergence, so the R&D of telecommunications area has a huge role in promoting the development of other areas, and enterprises should pay more attention to the trend of R&D of telecommunications area and find the convergence area. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Coupling mechanism of resources integration, collaborative innovation and enterprise dynamic capability Wang Xiuting, Cheng Binwu 2014, 35(4): 44-50.  Abstract ( 1728 )   Compared to the resource-based view and the capability-based view, collaborative innovation can better interpret how enterprises promote the dynamic capability evolution and strengthen competitive advantage on the basis of resources integration from a new perspective. Based on the theories of resources integration, collaborative innovation and dynamic capability, this paper, by combing and analyzing the case of SGMW Company, explores the coupling relationship between resources integration, collaborative innovation and dynamic capability, and demonstrates the evolution of enterprise dynamic capability based on resources integration and collaborative innovation as well as the inner mechanism of forming competitive advantage. This paper aims to offer some references for Chinese-foreign joint ventures to improve their dynamic capability and create competitive advantages. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Inter-provincial technology purchase, network embeddedness and regional patent output Ma Rongkang, Liu Fengchao, Liu Liang 2014, 35(4): 51-58.  Abstract ( 1326 )   This paper draws on the contagion model in social network theory, and expands the knowledge production function by introducing variables of technology purchase and network embeddedness. Then using the data of inter-provincial technology transaction of China in 2006-2010, we examine the relationships among technology purchase, network embeddedness and regional patent output with panel data models. The results show that: (1) compared with R&D investment and knowledge stock, the inter-provincial technology purchase has no influence on regional patent output; (2) The cohesion mechanism of network embeddedness by technology transaction has no significant effect on regional patent output, while the structural equivalence mechanism of network embeddedness shows significantly positive spillover effect. Most regions in China tend to get access to knowledge spillover by imitating the behavior of other regions with similar network structure. Finally, some suggestions for China's technology market development and regional innovation policy-making are put forward. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The impact of knowledge management on a firm’s innovation capability in adynamic environment Zhang Jun, Xu Qingrui, Zhang Suping 2014, 35(4): 59-67.  Abstract ( 1959 )   How to leverage a firm's innovation capabilities is a strategic problem not only of practical but also of academic concern. Based on the dynamic theory of knowledge creation, a model of relationship between knowledge accumulation and sharing and a firm's innovation capability (IC) has been constructed and tested by using data collected from 257 domestic firms, with the environmental dynamism as a moderator. Findings are as follows: (1) Both knowledge accumulation and knowledge sharing contribute to IC leveraging. While knowledge accumulation devotes to IC with increased marginal contribution, outside knowledge sharing contributes to IC with decreased marginal benefit, showing an invert U-shape relation to capability; (2) Environmental dynamism moderates the relationship between knowledge accumulation and IC negatively. However, with knowledge accumulation increasing, the intensity of moderation decreases. (3) Inside and outside knowledge sharing show the ambidextrous relationship in IC leveraging in a specific environment. Theoretical contribution, managerial implication and limitation are discussed finally in this paper. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Patterns, dynamics and policy suggestions of graphene research in China and the U.S. Hu Guangyuan, Tang Li, Liu Yun 2014, 35(4): 68-75.  Abstract ( 1662 )   Utilizing a uniquely constructed global publication database of graphene, this research aims to profile the patterns and dynamics of China's graphene research and compare it against that of the US. Multiple instruments of data visualization are applied in this research. Our analysis highlights China's relatively early entry and dramatic growth in the emerging field of graphene. We found that China and the U.S. are dominant players in this domain. They are most favorite collaborators of each other. Public funding plays important roles in stimulating graphene research. Evidence supports research convergence between China and the U.S., but we also note that each country demonstrated different development path. Policy implications are discussed in the end. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research on influencing factors of Chinese universities’ patent utilization Yuan Xiaodong, Zhang Junrong, Yang Jianan 2014, 35(4): 76-82.  Abstract ( 1425 )   The patent applications and grants quantities keep growing rapidly, but the ratio of patent utilizations is relatively low in Chinese University. Based on the patent value theory, this paper analyzes factors that influence on patent utilization of universities from the perspective of patent transaction, patent integration, patent litigation and the market-oriented nature of patent. The regression results show that the number of patents and patent integration capabilities are positively correlated with the ratio of patent utilization; financial support and dependence of trading platform are negatively correlated with the ratio of patent utilization. Finally, the paper renders some suggestions to promote patent utilization in Chinese universities. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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An empirical research on knowledge exchange among design teams and innovation performance Chen Guodong 2014, 35(4): 83-89.  Abstract ( 1327 )   Product design has been long neglected in product innovation in Chinese enterprises, but with more studies made on the business value of design, design, as a new element of innovation, has gradually been a research focus. Based on the previous research findings and the design activities in Chinese enterprises, the paper aims to build a general framework for knowledge exchange among design teams from the perspectives of target, policy, means and resource. And it then discusses the influences of lead-users, top management policy, information technology and resources redundancy on the knowledge exchange among design teams. Finally, it studies the effect of knowledge exchange on innovation performance. It is found that top management policy is the key to knowledge exchange, and information technology is the way to have knowledge exchange. Having been affected by the conventional model for product innovation, lead-users and resource redundancy are not found to have much effect on improving the efficiency of knowledge exchange. The research results also indicate that effective knowledge exchange among design teams would greatly improve the innovation performance. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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An empirical study of the impact of inter-departmental relationship on organizational learning capability and performance Chen Guoquan, Zhang Zhongxin, Zheng Xiaoming 2014, 35(4): 90-102.  Abstract ( 1663 )   The impact of inter-departmental relationship on organizational learning capability and performance in the company is an important issue in the field of organizational learning now. This paper explores the influence of inter-departmental relationship on organizational learning capability and performance. The relationship among departments in this study includes inter-departmental cooperative goal interdependence, constructive controversy and psychological safety. It is proposed that, cooperative goal interdependence can make different departments more willing to share information and knowledge, constructive controversy can make different departments more capable to interact and think effectively, psychological safety can make different departments more confident to share and explore together without worries and then build better working environment and lead to more knowledge sharing activities. Hence, these three relationships among departments will have positive effect on organizational learning capability and performance. From statistical analysis of 272 samples from Chinese companies, it is found that the above three inter-departmental relationships have significant positive influence on organizational learning capability, and meanwhile, organizational learning capability mediates the influential relationship between the three inter-departmental relationships and organizational performance. We make both theoretical and practical contributions to the field of organizational learning by exploring the influential factors for organizational learning from the perspective of inter-departmental relationships and proposing several specific management practices to improve the relationships and organizational learning capability. Finally some suggestions for future research are put forward in the paper. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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An empirical research on the impact mechanism of service innovation with multi-participators Zhang Hongqi, Lu Ruoyu 2014, 35(4): 103-110.  Abstract ( 1340 )   How to use the innovation subjects around the organization in service innovation process is an important issue that a service organization faces. Based on the correlative theoretical research on multi-participators and customer satisfaction, a hypothesis model about these variables is proposed. By Empirical Research, the data obtained via questionnaire are analyzed by structure equations modeling (SEM). The results of this study include: customer participation has positive impact on employee participation and supplier participation; supplier participation has positive impact on employee participation; customer participation and supplier participation have positive impact on customer satisfaction; but employee participation has no direct impact on customer satisfaction. This paper found the comprehensive effect mechanism of multi-participators and customer satisfaction, and then some suggestions are proposed. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The game analysis of enterprises’ R&D innovation strategyunder crowdsourcing contest mode Hao Linna, Hou Wenhua, Liu Meng 2014, 35(4): 111-120.  Abstract ( 1825 )   The enterprises' R&D innovation require effective use of internal and external resources. As a new mode of innovation, crowdsourcing contest has drawn a widely public attention due to its full use of the public's intelligence for enterprises' R&D innovation. Considering the existence of spillover effects, we developed a game model to analyze the optimal innovation mode and investment policy of enterprises. When crowdsourcing contest is selected, we further discussed the corresponding decisions if the relationship between enterprises is competitive or cooperative, and analyzed the influence of these decisions on R&D innovation. The results showed that, when a reasonable bonus was set, the strategy that combining use of internal innovation and crowdsourcing contest innovation (B strategy) was better than that solely relying on the internal innovation (A strategy). Given B strategy, different spillover effects would affect the level of R&D innovation of crowdsourcing contest mode, under both competition and cooperation situation. Meanwhile, the contribution of the crowdsourcing contest was positively related to many factors, including enterprise income, the level of R&D innovation, consumer surplus and social welfare. Finally, a case of P&G Company is used to verify the corresponding conclusions of the paper. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Thinking brought by survey on farmers’ health under new rural cooperative medical system Liu Chang 2014, 35(4): 121-129.  Abstract ( 1350 )   In order to study the efficiency on farmers' medical security, the research group analyzed the impact ofnew rural cooperative medical system (short for Nin-Nong-He) on the health status of farmers in China and the health effects of consumption by using the dataset of National Statistical Bureau from 1991to 2011, on the basis of sample-size analyses and in combination with SPSS19.0 statistical software and the findings show that Xin-Nong-He did not improve notably the medical security efficiency while enhancing the health status of the farmers; and that reasonable consumption can effectively raise farmer's health deposit. The paper concludes thatthe mechanism ofpluralistichealth protection promotes noticeably the benefit increase of Xin-Nong-He. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The study of the leadership structure of scientific research teams Xie Ye, Huo Guoqing 2014, 35(4): 130-137.  Abstract ( 1718 )   The leadership of scientific research teams is one of the most critical factors which determine the team's innovation capability and competiveness. On the basis of the concept and features of scientific research team, the paper used content analysis to induce the characteristics of situations and researchers influencing the leadership of scientific research team by interviewing 41 scientific innovators. Combining relevant theories the study proposed 7 hypotheses and investigated 102 research teams from 10 institutes in CAS by questionnaire. The results suggest that the leadership of scientific research team is composed of scientific charisma, scientific insight, scientific motivation, scientific boost and scientific leading strength. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The research on the mechanism to enhance the national innovation capacity through S&T input Zhang Zhihe, Feng Chencheng, Li Bin, Hua Ying 2014, 35(4): 149-160.  Abstract ( 1799 )   Increasing S&T input is a crucial and efficient way to improve the national creativity. In recent years, we have been continuously strengthening the S&T input. What are the effects of these tremendous S&T input on the national creativity? What would be the differences brought by various forms and means of input? With the number of patent applications and the sales of new products as indicating elements for national creativity, this paper establishes a simulation model on the promotion mechanism of S&T input on national creativity based on the System Dynamics. The impacts of different factors (the S&T funds, the turnover of personnel and change of policies, the mobility of funds and personnel among enterprises, research institutions and universalities) on national creativity are simulated through the Vensim PLE software. It is revealed how the S&T input with various forms and sources affect the national creativity as well as the corresponding impacts. The results have shown that: (1) It is more in favor of national creativity by allocating more S&T funds to universities and more S&T personnel to enterprises and universities; (2) From the perspective of S&T policy, increasing education inputs and strengthening patent protection can both efficiently enhance national creativity. References | Related Articles | Metrics