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27 December 2012, Volume 33 Issue 12 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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The relationship between customer participation level and satisfaction degree thein product innovation based on high-complexity products Wang Li, Luo Jinlian 2012, 33(12): 1-9.  Abstract ( 2250 )   PDF (1279KB) ( 3576 )   More and more enterprises invite customers to participate in their product innovation in order to improve customer satisfaction degree. Past research has proved that customer involvement is positively related to satisfaction degree in low-complexity product innovation. However, in high-complexity product innovation, it is found that the relationship between customer participation level and satisfaction degree is not simple linear, and is moderated by some factors. The concept of customer knowledge in high-complexity product innovation is proposed, the research differentiates two dimensions of customer participation level, that is, as an information resource or as a co-developer and two dimensions of customer satisfaction degree, that is, during product innovation or after product innovation, and explores the moderating effects of customer knowledge in the relationship between customer participation level and satisfaction degree. Empirical results show that in the high-complexity product innovation, no matter customer participation as an information resource or as a co-developer, customers with high knowledge levels get more satisfaction than that with low knowledge levels at the same participation level. What is more, due to the moderative effects of customer knowledge, the customer involvement is not always positively related to satisfaction. When the customer with low knowledge levels acts as a co-developer, the deeper customer participation level is, the less satisfaction degree is. The results provide specific guidelines as to how to attract customer participation in order to improve customer satisfaction. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The impact mechanism of cultural embeddednesson the evolution of innovation network for clustered enterprises Wei Jiang, Zheng Xiaoyong 2012, 33(12): 10-22.  Abstract ( 2166 )   PDF (995KB) ( 3699 )   In terms of structure, the evolution trend of innovation network for the clustered enterprise is mainly concerned about the change in its openness, hierarchy, and multiplicity of participants. This kind of evolution could be characterized by cultural embeddedness. The research shows the difference of contents and extend embedded by clustered firms will result in different degree of their innovation network's evolution. The intrinsic mechanism of the impact of the former on the latter could mainly be depicted by the mediative role of innovation strategy posture. The three dimensions of innovation strategy posture, namely, innovativeness, foresightness, and risk taking, play the role of mediation between cultural embeddedness and the evolutions of innovation network with different degrees. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The implementation status of R&D expenses pre-tax deduction policies Lian Yanhua, Yu Hao, Zheng Yirong, Xiao Zhewen 2012, 33(12): 23-29.  Abstract ( 2718 )   PDF (1003KB) ( 3184 )   The policies for research and development expenses pre-tax deduction is one of the important technological innovation preferential policies, however the statistical data shows that the practice effect of the policy is not quite ideal. There are three main problems, that is, firstly the R&D expenses range affected by the policy is narrow, the content of R&D expenses is not clearly defined, and cost audit and regulatory requirements are not clear; secondly the tax task pressure around the local tax authorities and the poor understanding of the policy caused the bad practice effect; thirdly the weak R&D expenses management and the poor internal communication inside enterprises also cause the bad practice effect. In the end, some suggestions are given to solve these problems, such as conforming to financial accounting standards, resolving the differences of the tax revenue through transfer payments, establishing three dimensional accounting system involving subject-project-department, etc. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The factors affecting key stakeholders' knowledge sharing behavior in the complex product development Wang Juanru, Yang Jin 2012, 33(12): 30-39,58.  Abstract ( 2220 )   PDF (1784KB) ( 3148 )   Six factors that affect key stakeholders' knowledge sharing behavior in the complex product development, are analyzed; they are project strategy factor, stakeholders' characteristics, organization factor, technology factor, knowledge characteristics, and internal enable factor. Then, by using empirical study methods, survey objects which are the key stakeholders in the complex product development process are selected, confirmatory factor analysis for collecting data is conducted by applying software of SPSS 18.0 and Amos 7.0. And the relationship of each factors between key stakeholders' knowledge sharing behavior and among each factors are explored, the interaction degree are quantitatively studied. Finally, the conclusions are obtained as follows: project strategy factor, stakeholders' characteristics, organization factor, technology factor, and internal enable factor all have a significant positive effect on key stakeholders' knowledge sharing behavior in the complex product development, and knowledge characteristics have a significant negative effect on key stakeholders' knowledge sharing behavior in the complex product development. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The relationship among environmental uncertainty, supply chain integration, and firm performance Xu Dehui, Li Gang, Sun Linyan, Zhao Li 2012, 33(12): 40-49.  Abstract ( 2243 )   PDF (1066KB) ( 3407 )   Based on 176 valid surveys of Chinese manufacturing industry, the relationship among environmental uncertainty, Supply Chain Integration (SCI), and firm performance is studies. The empirical results reveal that the implementation of SCI is affected by environmental uncertainty. The supply uncertainty has the negative influence, while both demand and technology uncertainties have positive effects on SCI. Besides, the results also indicate that SCI enhances firm performance, where internal integration has a significantly positive effect on firm performance, customer integration has a positive effect on operational performance, and supplier integration has no impact on the firm performance. The study's findings enrich and improve SCI researches and provide managerial insights for the firms to better implement SCI strategy. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The decision model of vertical structure under Stackelberg game among supply chains Li Baixun, Zhou Yongwu, Wang Shengdong 2012, 33(12): 50-58.  Abstract ( 2278 )   PDF (1613KB) ( 3680 )   By taking two supply chains as a research object, each of them containing one manufacturer and one retailer, the problem involving Stackelberg game is discussed, when two supply chains adopt different decision structures, respectively. In particular, four decision structures between these two supply chains are analyzed, including the structures of decentralized-decentralized, decentralized-centralized, centralized- decentralized, centralized-centralized. It is found that (1) centralized decision is the dominate strategy for the leader supply chain;(2) as for the follower supply chain, whether adopting centralized decision or decentralized decision, it is depended on the substitutability degree of products and the selection of the leader supply chain; (3) when the substitutability degree of product is low, the structure of centralized-centralized is the equilibrium solution of single and repeat games; and when the substitutability degree of product is high, the structure of centralized-decentralized is the equilibrium solution of single game; while the structure of decentralized -decentralized is the equilibrium solution of repeat games. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The quantitative analysis on the environment effect of foreign trade in different Chinese regions Wang Qian, Wang Yingchun, Xu Jingying 2012, 33(12): 59-67.  Abstract ( 2090 )   PDF (1234KB) ( 3693 )   The imbalance of China regional economic development leads to the different of environment effect of foreign trade. Emissions of both SO2 and CO2 are adopted as pollution index, by using the panel data during the period of 1990-2008, the environmental effects of foreign trade in China central, eastern, and western regions are investigated, and the direct and indirect effects of trade on pollution are analyzed, at the end, the short term and long term elastic coefficients of the regional trade on the pollution are calculated. The results show that (1) the environment effect of foreign trade is relevant to the difference region in China and the type of pollutants, the international trade is beneficial to the improvement of eastern region environment, but it generates a more adverse effect to the central and western regions; (2) the elastics of trade on pollution in long term is bigger than that in the short term, it means that pollution effects for the long term is bigger than that for the short term. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Regional soft environment, entrepreneurial competence, and SME performance Yu Dongping, Duan Wanchun 2012, 33(12): 68-77.  Abstract ( 2057 )   PDF (965KB) ( 2913 )   To address the question about why the significant relationship recognized by the academics and the development of external environment by government is unable to be embodied in the SMEs practices, by standing on a new view of the combination of external and internal factors, the mediative role of entrepreneurial competence in the relationship between regional soft environment and SMEs performance is proposed and examined through an empirical method. The findings show that regional soft environment has a significantly positive effect on SMEs performance, however all of its elements do not have such effect on SMEs short term performance, which suggest that the construction of regional soft environment is a long term project, and it has a far-reaching influence on SMEs performance; Meanwhile, entrepreneurial competence plays a full mediative role in the relationship between regional soft environment and SMEs short term performance, and plays a partial mediative role in the relationship between regional soft environment and SMEs long term performance, it is indicates that entrepreneurial competence could directly influence the transformation of regional soft environment achievements. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The relationship among high-tech enterprises' entrepreneurial orientation,alliance capability, and alliance performance Peng Wei, Fu Zhengping 2012, 33(12): 78-85.  Abstract ( 1952 )   PDF (955KB) ( 3550 )   Alliance has become an important strategic choice for the growth and development of high-tech enterprises. However, large numbers of alliances constructed by high-tech enterprises fail in the end. Therefore, how to improve alliance performance is not only a key research question, but also a serious practice problem. Based on theoretical analysis, a research model on the relationship among high-tech enterprises' entrepreneurial orientation, alliance capability, and alliance performance is constructed; then multiple regression and structural equation model are applied in order to verify research hypothesizes based on the survey data from 195 high-tech enterprises with Chinese transition economy. Research results indicate that high-tech enterprises' entrepreneurial orientation has a significant positive effect on alliance capability and alliance performance, meanwhile alliance capability fully mediates the relationship between high-tech enterprises' entrepreneurial orientation and alliance performance. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The duo-centered social network of industry-university-research cooperation projects Ding Ronggui, Zhang Ning, Li Yuanyuan 2012, 33(12): 86-93.  Abstract ( 1917 )   PDF (1213KB) ( 3371 )   In the studies of industry-university-research network, former researchers paid less attention to the social network characteristics of projects and lacked quantificational tools and methods to accurately express the social relationships of stakeholders. A duo-centered social network model with the industry and research centers as the two centers, respectively is constructed based on the analysis of relationships between stakeholders; the stakeholders' structural attributes in social network and mutual influence of their behaviors are illustrated by analyzing the structural hole and other duo-centered attributive indexes. The research shows that the government, the duo-centers, and other stakeholders should take the proper strategy according to the network situation and their own attribute indexes. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Project complexity, the structure of venture capital syndication, and the success probability of projects Chen Minling, Dang Xinghua, Chen Hongxia 2012, 33(12): 94-103.  Abstract ( 2328 )   PDF (1108KB) ( 3011 )   A new theoretic model of two-stages Venture Capital (VC) finance sequence for the entrepreneurial firms project from dual perspective is set up based on project characteristics and venture capitalists, the effort level of venture capitalists and their equilibrium solution within syndicate financing modes are analyzed, the relationship among project complexity, the structure of VC syndication, and the success probability of projects is studied. Finally, the following conclusions are drawn: (1) Due to the contract structure of VC syndication, a low level of effort is provided by the venture capitalist with a high-cost VC, and a high level of effort is provided by the venture capitalist with a low-cost VC. (2) Firms having less complex projects are more likely to seek financing from a single VC, because it needs less heterogeneous expertise, firms having more complex projects are more likely to seek financing from a VC syndicate, because it needs more heterogeneous expertise. (3) Both the structure of VC syndication and the effort level of venture capitalists influence the success probability of projects interactively. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The determinants analysis on Chinese patent quality based on the process management Liu Yang, Wen Ke, Guo Jian 2012, 33(12): 104-109,141.  Abstract ( 2025 )   PDF (1643KB) ( 3434 )   The analysis on the determinants influencing the patent quality in the different phases is focused on, the relationship among patent application quality, patent examination quality, patent quality, and patent value is explored, and furthermore a theoretical frame for the determinants of Chinese patent quality is constructed by following the principle of process management and based on the different phases classification in the whole patenting process. Meanwhile, a questionnaire investigation in patent agents and patent examiners on the determinants of patent quality is carried out and an analysis on the major elements is conducted, the major phases and determinants influencing the quality of Chinese patents are refined by means of exploratory factor analysis method, and the policy stream of thoughts for improving the Chinese patent quality is provided. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Motivations for patent commercialization:Theories, models, and policy analysis Chen Zhaohui 2012, 33(12): 110-116.  Abstract ( 1685 )   PDF (459KB) ( 3436 )   How to encourage patent commercialization？Reward theory points out that it should be directly incentive to invention, but prospect theory emphasizes on the persistence of stimulation during post-commercialization. The evolution of commercialization is analyzed based on Orphan Drug Act (ODA) policy in U.S. and EU, and following results are concluded that market exclusivity rights emphasize on market protection during commercialization and patent rights emphasize on the protection of technology innovations, theses two rights form the motivate framework, providing a solution for dealing with the insufficient incentives due to market failure. It is also necessary to pay more attention to the role of SMEs playing in the process of commercialization. A dynamic incentive equilibrium should be achieved between push-policy and pull-policy,and the same equilibrium should be made between production and commercialization of patents. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The loan-to-value ratio decision model for the bank patent pledgefinancing with complete market pattern Zhu Guojun, Xu Changxin 2012, 33(12): 117-125.  Abstract ( 2345 )   PDF (976KB) ( 3277 )   The patent pledge financing for SMEs could effectively revitalize intangible assets, ease the financial pressure for the growth of SMEs. The core risk control indicators of the patent pledge financing, that is, the loan-to-value ratios are studied. Based on the game theory, the patent pledge financing loan-to-value ratio is the result of each game between the bank and business. The results conform to the Stackelberg leadership model, according to two dimensions involving business default risk and risk tolerance of bank, a game model is constructed and it is transformed into Nash Equilibrium for solving the problem. By using VaR risk measurement and other methods, loan-to-value ratio decision under different risk tolerance is researched, and the best loan-to-value ratio decision is determined. The study will provide important theoretical reference for loan-to-value ratio decision of patent pledge finance References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The structure and measurement of internal knowledge market Liu Zhicheng, Chen Jiang, Wu Nengquan 2012, 33(12): 126-134.  Abstract ( 2108 )   PDF (1049KB) ( 2832 )   Knowledge is the dominant source of competitive advantage, organizations could improve the performance of knowledge by using market mechanism; the effectiveness of knowledge market will directly determine organizational advantage. Firstly, an open questionnaire of 107 managers and employees are investigated, inductive analysis shows that the effectiveness of internal knowledge market including six factors; secondly, a sample of 315 is selected to test the factors affecting internal knowledge market. Results show that the effectiveness of internal knowledge market is a five-factor structure, while the designed scale has good reliability and validity. The theoretical structure discovery of knowledge market efficiency and the development of corresponding questionnaire have both important theoretical and practical values. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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R&D team diversity, behavior integration, and innovation performance Liu Ning, Zhang Zhengtang, Zhang Ziyuan 2012, 33(12): 135-141.  Abstract ( 2071 )   PDF (977KB) ( 3462 )   Team behavioral integration is an integrative variable to describe the whole process in team work, it also reflects the degree that team members tend to communicate and cooperate with each other. Based on the features of R&D teams, a conceptual model on the relationship involving team diversity, behavioral integration, and innovation performance is constructed, the moderative effect of task complexity is considered. With the data of 71 R&D teams in 62 high-tech enterprises, an empirical analysis is carried on to test the hypotheses. Results show that team diversity has a significantly positive effect on innovation performance, and behavioral integration partly mediates the relationship. At the same time, task complexity moderates the relationship between behavioral integration and innovation performance. At the end, the research conclusions are discussed. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The stability evaluation of eco-industrial parks Shang Hua 2012, 33(12): 142-148.  Abstract ( 1804 )   PDF (1347KB) ( 2846 )   The stability of Eco-Industrial Parks (EIPs) is an important link of the construction and development of ecological industry. Based on the characteristics of the structure and function for industrial ecosystem, three dimensions involving advantage degree, circular degree, and regulation degree are proposed to establish an evaluation index system, by taking DDZ eco-industrial park as the case study, the empirical research is conducted. It is found that environment management level is significant correlated with the stability of garden area. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The subsidy policy model for energy administrative law enforcement based on the signaling game Chen Sensen, Fan Ying 2012, 33(12): 149-156.  Abstract ( 2004 )   PDF (1057KB) ( 2895 )   Since fines must be all turned over to the state treasury and the operational funding of law enforcement is often unable to be well guaranteed. As a result, the department for Energy Administrative Law Enforcement (EALE) has low law enforcement zeal and also weakens the functions of administrative punishment. For the purpose raising law enforcement zeal and ensuring funding expenditure, the common practice returning fines pro rata and allocating money for individual case have some shortcomings which are unable to overcome. Looking for a legal and incentive mechanism that is able to overcome these shortcomings is the most pressing matter at the moment. Subsiding for law enforcement is a rational option. By taking the supervision on coal mines safety as an example, the operational mechanism of this method and strategy choice of EALE department and financial department are analyzed based on signaling game. It is found whether or not the subsidy mechanism is successful depends on the disguise cost of the EALE department, the probability that disguises are found, and the priori beliefs that the EALE department is identified as a law enforcement department by financial department. From a policy perspective, it should establish a written system for EALE subsidy. And the key of this system is to prevent the disguises from EALE department. References | Related Articles | Metrics