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27 September 2011, Volume 32 Issue 9 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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The relationship between path dependence andabsorptive capacity based on corporate lifecycle theory Wang Xiangyang, Liu Zhanli, Zhao Yingxin 2011, 32(9): 1-6,73.  Abstract ( 3050 )   PDF (1004KB) ( 3976 )   From three perspectives of organization structure, corporate culture, and core competitiveness, the mechanism that path dependence affected absorptive capacity was revealed in different corporate lifecycle phases. Then that there was a quadratic non-linear relationship between path dependence and absorptive capacity is assumed. Meanwhile, the structural equation model was established, and then 248 valid samples were analyzed by using SPSS and LISREL software. The empirical results show strong evidence for a quadratic non-linear relationship between the two variables, and threshold effect is also existed in the effects of absorptive capacity. As a result, the empirical evidence and suggestions for high-tech enterprises to develop absorptive capacity are provided. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Leveraging competence by co-evolution of internal and external innovation networks for SMEs Ren Zongqiang, Wu Haiping, Ding Xiao 2011, 32(9): 7-14.  Abstract ( 1943 )   PDF (1108KB) ( 2773 )   Majority current studies on innovation networks investigate the networks from the holistic perspective regarding the enterprise as a node or an agent. Therefore interactions and co-evolution between the individual elements and the whole networks might be ignored. Accordingly, the enterprise's innovation management process remains a black box. A framework to study interaction and synergy of internal and external innovation networks is demonstrated. Then the mechanism architecture and co-evolution mode are illustrated through a case study. With the development of external networks, more and more internal elements of enterprises involve in innovation and form an internal innovation networks. It is suggested that the evolutionary learning and interaction between the external and internal networks are critical to innovative competence of enterprises. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The contribution of public R&D organization to the innovation in China Li Ping, Wang Chunhui 2011, 32(9): 15-21.  Abstract ( 1728 )   PDF (890KB) ( 2574 )   Based on the perspective of R&D input-output performance, the effects of human capital investment and R&D expenditure in public R&D institutes on the regional technological innovation are analyzed with empirical evidences of 30 provinces' panel data in China during the period of 2001-2008. The results show that the human capital investment could provide more impetus to the regional innovation than that of the R&D expenditure in public R&D institutes, and the effect is greater in eastern region than that in western region of China. However, the R&D expenditure of public R&D institutes has certain crowding-out effects on regional innovation. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Knowledge innovation spiral in the product development process Ji Huisheng, Lu Qiang, Wang Hongwei 2011, 32(9): 22-27.  Abstract ( 1695 )   PDF (1124KB) ( 2874 )   Product development is knowledge innovation activities,and it can be divided into four phases—creative discovery, concept prototype, product R&D, and organizational innovation. The knowledge innovation mechanism combined with individual, team, organization, and cross-organizational levels in product development process is analyzed, the correspondence between product development stage and knowledge creative activity is pointed out. Individual knowledge innovation plays an important role for product development, and "gradual enlightenment" and "sudden enlightenment" phenomena of individual knowledge innovation are analyzed, finally, a knowledge innovation model of the product development process is built, a dual-spiral-SECI model of knowledge innovation in product development process is proposed. The findings enrich the existing researches and provide useful guidelines for managerial practice. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The influencing factors of regional innovationcapacity based on the endogenous growth model Shao Yunfei, Fan Qunlin, Tang Xiaowo 2011, 32(9): 28-34.  Abstract ( 1846 )   PDF (962KB) ( 2369 )   Regional innovation capability has become the decisive factor of regional economic development and international competitive advantage against a background that the regional economy increasing involves in the global competition directly. Based on the endogenous growth model, the panel data of nine-year and 30 provinces, municipalities, and autonomous regions in Chinese mainland are collected and the factors that affect the regional innovative capacity are empirically studied by a fixed effect model. The results show that the inertia has a huge influence on the innovative activities which are greatly relatied to the local accumulation of culture, and the fact provides a theoretical support for the view that culture of innovation could enhance innovation. Population of hi-tech enterprise employment is also an obvious factor for the regional innovative capacity, and the scale of high-tech industry employment should be expanded. The higher elastic coefficient of patents indicates that the important source of new patents is patent stock, and enterprises should emphasize independent R&D and patent protection to form knowledge accumulation and exclusive technology. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The resources supplies' difference by different functional science parks Yang Zhenning, Wu Jie 2011, 32(9): 35-43.  Abstract ( 1812 )   PDF (965KB) ( 2366 )   Different functional Science Park provides resources to firms which is also different. The Science Parks are divided into five kinds; they are comprehensive function Science Park, basic research Science Park, technical research Science Park, high-tech product processing region as well as incubator. Using the scale design and the questionnaire survey to collect primary data, the ANOVA and EFA models of grouping sample are constructed, and the difference resources provided by different functional Science Park are discussed. The research demonstrated that Science Parks' functional difference has significant influence on resources' supply; these difference resources include the market opportunity, the talented person accumulative effect, the cluster's maturity, research resources, and competitive mechanism, etc. Based on the concrete Science Parks' functional classification, the fact that different functional Science Park provides different resource is discussed, and finally the corresponding policy proposal according to the research conclusion is put forward. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Stackelberg model of low-cost innovation Chen Qi 2011, 32(9): 44-54.  Abstract ( 2066 )   PDF (1113KB) ( 2473 )   The hypothesis on endogenous spillover of innovation and R&D and a set of measurable variable and parameter are introduced; a three-stage model of product-pricing and innovation input of low-cost product is established and analyzed by using a three stage game model. A series of conclusion that are significant to low-cost innovation is found, that is, the equilibrium position of duopoly are neither minimum differentiation coming from linear cost model nor maximum one coming from quadratic cost model, the fact extends special cases into a general conclusion; a set of functional relationship between innovation input of firms and their innovation efficiency or absorption ability as well as between product position differentiation and varies parameters are found by analogue simulation. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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R&D intensity and executive compensationbased on China's listed IT companies Chen Shenglan 2011, 32(9): 55-62.  Abstract ( 1853 )   PDF (943KB) ( 2200 )   R&D investment is both an impetus for growth and a source of competitive advantage for IT companies. The executive compensation plan based on company performance may impede the R&D investment. The relationship between the R&D investment and the executive compensation in China's listed IT companies is examined. The result indicates that the boards of director respond to and promote the R&D investment through the executive compensation plans. The result also suggests that the executive compensation plans are more likely to focus on the top management teams than on the CEOs. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The affect mechanism of creative self-efficacy on employees' creative behavior Gu Yuandong, Peng Jisheng 2011, 32(9): 63-73.  Abstract ( 2480 )   PDF (1046KB) ( 2807 )   The affect mechanism of creative self-efficacy on employees' creative behavior is a new angle to answer the question "how to stimulate employees' creative behavior". Based on social cognitive theory, an empirical model involving the affect mechanism of creative self-efficacy on employees' creative behavior is built through achievement motivation and job involvement. Large sample survey methods are used and 478 valid questionnaires are colected. The theoretical hypotheses are tested based on these data.The empirical results indicate that the creative self-efficacy not only directly affect employees' creative behavior, but also indirectly affect employees' creative behavior through achievement motivation and job involvement's mediate processes. It is original study under Chinese cultural context and reveals the "black box" that creative self-efficacy affect on employees' creative behavior first time. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The model and simulaton for absorption of knowledge spillovers among organizations Liu Manfeng, Tang Houxing 2011, 32(9): 74-82.  Abstract ( 1786 )   PDF (1343KB) ( 2489 )   The effect of knowledge spillovers on the evolution of organizations is focused on from the perspective of absorption in knowledge spillovers. Firstly, the motivation, precondition, and structure of knowledge interaction are analyzed. And then "utility rule", "threshold value rule", and "endogenous network" of knowledge interaction are proposed. Based on these rules, a new knowledge accumulation model is constructed. The simulation indicates that the effect of knowledge spillovers on the evolution of organizations is neither convergence nor divergence. However, the results are affected by initial knowledge stock of organizations and threshold value rule of knowledge interaction. The two factors reflect the differences on learning ability and absorption capacity for different organizations. Therefore, the organizations in some clusters tend to convergence, but others tend to divergence and moreover some of them tend to convergence firstly and turn into divergence eventually. All these results are useful for understanding the controversy that whether the knowledge spillovers prompt the convergence of organizations or not. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Information technology adoption using survival analysis technique Yu Cuiling, Bi Xinhua, Qi Xiaoyun 2011, 32(9): 83-90,124.  Abstract ( 1795 )   PDF (1023KB) ( 2417 )   Base on the survey data of informatization construction of 205 enterprises in China, the survival analysis technique was used to study the dynamic law of Information Technology (IT) adoption of Chinese enterprises. Enterprise IT applications were categorized into five types, that is, finance/accounting/human resource management system, the other single/multi function application system, overall integration application system, multi enterprise application system, and technological application system. The method of Kaplan-Meier was used to compare the difference of survival time of IT adoption for heterogeneous enterprises, and the resulting survival functions could reflect the dynamic adoption proportion at any particular time. Then Cox regression model was used to examine the impact of enterprise characteristics on IT adoption. The result indicates the direction and significance of the impact of each enterprise characteristics on the five types of technologies, respectively. It demonstrates that the ownership, industry type, size, organizational structure, competition level, industrial position of enterprises, and growth stage have different impact on the adoption of target technologies, and the adoption trend of the five types of technologies for heterogeneous enterprises are also revealed. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Relationships among resource-dependence, relationship risks, and alliance performancebased on asymmetric competitive strategic alliances Long Yong, Fu Jianwei 2011, 32(9): 91-99.  Abstract ( 1874 )   PDF (935KB) ( 2690 )   Through a survey involving some senior executives whose firms have established a asymmetric competitive strategic alliance with other firms from nearly 500 enterprises in the cities of Chongqing, Shenzhen, Xi'an, and other places, a structural equation model is used to study the correlation among the firm's resource-dependence, alliance relationship risks, and alliance performance in asymmetric competitive strategic alliances from an empirical view. The results show that the resource-dependence has a significantly positive correlation effect on alliance relationship risks, and the alliance relationship risks have a significantly negative correlation effect on alliance performance, and the resource-dependence only has a partially negative correlation effect on alliance performance in asymmetric competitive strategic alliances. It shows that the relationships among resource-dependence, relationship risks, and alliance performance are very different in the non-symmetric and symmetric competitive strategic alliances. The enterprises in the alliances should pay more attention to impact of these differences. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Emergency information dissemination based on theory of public memory manipulation Liu Zhi, Zhang Yan 2011, 32(9): 100-107.  Abstract ( 1605 )   PDF (1150KB) ( 2208 )   Theory of Public Memory Manipulation(TPMM) shows that information could be correctively and effectively passed to target groups by changing information release parameters and by affecting and choosing the memory of target group. Firstly, TPMM is introduced to the research on public risk management. By adjusting the parameters, such as cue dependence, repetition, and novelty, a dynamic model indicating influences on the public perception of risk after dissemination of emergency public information is developed. The study finds that a reasonable choice of time, frequency, and information types when disseminating emergency public information, the public perception of risk in the case of public mental panic could be manipulated. It provides optimal strategies for public sectors to disseminate emergency public information in an accurate and effective way. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The effect mechanism of technology acquisition from cooperativepartners on the firm performance Gao Yu, Gao Shanxing, Shen Hao 2011, 32(9): 108-116.  Abstract ( 1908 )   PDF (1093KB) ( 2541 )   Technology acquisition (TA) from cooperative partners significantly facilitate the ennancement of firm performance, however, such effect only functions under the condition of absorbing and utilizing process. Currently, market mechanism of transition economy increases the importance of managerial ties on firm commercial operation activities, however, there is few researches focus on the functional mechanism of managerial ties on such route based on the integrate perspective, to solve that, the direct and indirect route of the relationship between TA from cooperative parthers and firm performance are empirically tested, moreover, the moderating effect of managerial ties on such route is also examined. The result indicates that internal R&D partially mediates the relationship between TA from cooperative parthers and firm performance, meanwhile business ties positively moderate the relationship between TA from cooperative parthers and internal R&D, however, political ties function in a reverse way. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The evolution pattern and dynamic mechanism of product platform Wang Haolun, Hou Liang, Zou Yi 2011, 32(9): 117-124.  Abstract ( 1681 )   PDF (1108KB) ( 2539 )   With a massive customization, modularization has become the mainstream patterns of product development and production. The innovation of product platform has become a bottleneck for the enhancement of enterprises' independent innovation ability. To master the development law and dynamic mechanism of product platform is the premise and foundation for enterprises to implement product platform innovation. Through cases study of milling machine ,wheel loaders of XGMA, and NOKIA mobile phones,three types of product platform evolution models are proposed based on the level of massive customization. Then the internal and external motives of the product platform evolution are analyzed and the suitability relationship between motives is investigated, as well as the deviation caused by the unsuitability relationship between motives is mentioned, the contradiction of product platform induced by deviation is also discussed. In the end, the formation mechanism of product platform internal innovation and driven model of product platform evolution are put forward. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The model of information interaction of market opportunity based on the social network Zhang Xing, Cai Shuqin, Xia Huosong 2011, 32(9): 125-130,139.  Abstract ( 1559 )   PDF (986KB) ( 2290 )   The impacts of the network regulation on market opportunity information interaction are studied from a multiple relation level. First, the characteristics are combined with the requests of market opportunity information interaction, some behavioral rules in Cowan-Jonard model are revised and a new model of market opportunity information interaction is built based on the social network. The model is simulated to analyze the relation among the regulation of the network, the individual absorption and innovation ability, the information increase mechanism of market opportunity, and the interaction performance of market opportunity information. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Discriminant research on violations by listed firms based on fraud triangle Ma Chen, Zhang Junrui 2011, 32(9): 131-139.  Abstract ( 1847 )   PDF (952KB) ( 2155 )   Based on Cressey's (1953) fraud risk theory, the proxy variables for pressure, opportunity, and rationalization related to corporate violations are summarized. With the case study of 220 A share public firms with 430 times violations found by CSRC and matched samples in the period of 2000-2008, a discriminant modeling is built by univariate analysis and conditional Logistic analysis. The findings are as follows: in terms of pressure proxy variables, the firms with high financial stability, assets growth, and leverage are prone to violations. In terms of opportunity proxy variables, firms with frequent board meetings and a dual structure are likely to violate the regulations. In terms of rationalization proxy variables, firms with qualified audit opinion and high accrual ratio are unlikely to break the rules. Auditor change induces firms to violate the rules. The precision of the models is 81.06% and 80.62% for original and test samples, respectively. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Competitive technical intelligence analysis for enterprises based on patents coupling Sun Taotao, Liu Yun 2011, 32(9): 140-146,156.  Abstract ( 1761 )   PDF (1006KB) ( 2314 )   Based on the data of USPTO from 1995 to 2004, a patent data set of DVD optical pickup is constructed by retrieving the patents through key words access and by searching the patent citations. The main competitors of technological sub-topics of DVD optical pickup are analyzed by citing patents coupling, and then the effective method and demonstration of Competitive Technical Intelligence(CTI) for enterprises are obtained. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of regional innovative environment on enterprises' innovation performance Xu Biao, Li Xindan, Zhang Xun 2011, 32(9): 147-156.  Abstract ( 1869 )   PDF (1110KB) ( 2655 )   Theorists have reached at a consensus that regional innovative environment could promote innovation performance, however the researches are lack of deep understanding towards micro-functionality of regional innovative environment on enterprises' innovation performance. It undoubtedly becomes a bottleneck for the research on regional innovation. The theoretical framework and research hypothesis are constructed; an empirical study based on HLM model is conducted using manufacturing enterprises' data from 52 Chinese different areas to test two competitive options, that is, direct influencing mechanism and intermediation influencing mechanism. It is found that HR environment and institutional environment have the direct influence on innovation enterprises' performance; Culture environment and HR environment have the intermediation influence on innovation enterprises' performance; Infrastructure environment has no influence on enterprises' innovation performance. Based on those results, some management suggestions are also given. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The measure of government R&D tax incentive intensity and its effect verification in China Wang Jun 2011, 32(9): 157-164.  Abstract ( 1970 )   PDF (954KB) ( 2741 )   The government R&D tax incentive intensity in China is calculated using METC, B index, and R&D cost. The outputs reveal that Chinese R&D tax incentive intensity lies in the middle class compared with major countries in the world. It is found that the impact of R&D tax incentive on enterprise R&D expenditure is significant after empirical verification using manufacturing industries data during the period of 1995-2008 in China. The incentive effects for high-tech enterprises are more significant. Policy implications are that Chinese government should make adjustments on the way of R&D funding, and gradually expand the scope of tax incentives for enterprises in order to reduce the proportion of direct funding by government. References | Related Articles | Metrics