Successive shocks are the key exogenous factors triggering construction of supply chain resilience in Chinese advanced manufacturing enterprises. We employed an exploratory longitudinal single-case study method to analyze the process mechanism of Huawei's supply chain resilience cultivation under the US economic and trade sanctions and revealed and refined the intrinsic motivation, action mechanism, and evolutionary process of advanced manufacturing enterprises' dynamic construction of supply chain resilience. Our study found that: first, reducing the uncertainty of external resource acquisition is the direct motivation for Chinese advanced manufacturing enterprises to construct supply chain resilience; second, when the policy shock affects the resource dependency relationship between the case enterprise and its supply chain partners, the enterprise adopts differentiated continuity management measures to reduce uncertainty step by step; and third, in the case of successive shocks, the enterprise achieves the enhancement and optimization of the supply chain resilience capability portfolio through the dual mechanism of capability creation and capability preservation. By integrating resource dependence theory and business continuity management, this paper will provide effective thinking for understanding the motivation of enterprise supply chain resilience construction from a relationship perspective. At the same time, we will open the black box of the relationship between changing dimensions of the resource dependence relationship and selection of constraint absorption strategies, thus cracking the intrinsic mechanism of the supply chain resilience iterative development of advanced manufacturing enterprises.

The critical role of leading enterprises in the new national system for tackling key problems is becoming increasingly evident. Consequently, the formation and enhancement of their capabilities to achieve breakthroughs in core technologies require urgent attention and response. This study focused on the specific practices of Fangda Carbon, a leading enterprise in the carbon industry, in developing breakthrough capabilities for key core technologies during the advancement of high-temperature gas-cooled reactor graphite core components. It summarized the dynamic evolutionary mechanisms underlying the development of such capabilities in leading enterprises. The research found that: (1) The formation of breakthrough capabilities in key core technologies involves two stages: generation of phased objectives and assignment of corresponding meanings. By setting objectives tailored to different contexts and assigning matching significance, enterprises shape the necessary cognitive foundation for breakthrough capabilities. (2) The leap in breakthrough capabilities relies on the dynamic transformation of sensemaking modes, which evolve from "authoritative" to "inspirational" and then to "expansive" stages. Correspondingly, breakthrough capabilities progress through the "functional", "performance", and "architectural" phases. (3) The driving force behind the evolution of breakthrough capabilities is the enterprise's sense of mission. This study will provide theoretical insights for improving China's overall capacity for technological breakthroughs and accelerating the development of new quality productive forces.

Digital industry clusters are a phenomenon of industrial agglomeration in the context of digital economy with digital native enterprises and digital transformation of incumbent enterprises as important components. Due to differences in the ability of different enterprises to access digital resources, digital industry clusters have the problem of poor industry chain integration, the digital divide faced by cluster enterprises has turned from the "access divide" to the "ability divide". From the perspective of "data elements-digital technology" interaction, the study explored the evolution mechanism of digital industry clusters through an exploratory multi-case analysis of Hefei Artificial Intelligence Industry Cluster, Hangzhou Digital Security Industry Cluster, and Wuhan Optoelectronic Information Industry Cluster. The study revealed that: (1) the deepening of interactive degree and promotion of interactive efficiency between data elements and digital technology, drive the clusters to cluster quickly in cyberspace, which has an impact on the cluster development mode and the building of cluster competitiveness; (2) the dual-wheel drive of "data elements-digital technology" promotes the transformation of cluster network relationships from "imitative network embedding" and "progressive network embedding" to "break through network embedding" by changing the digital connection mode of cluster enterprises; (3) in the process of evolution and development, digital industry clusters choose different development modes according to the level of agglomeration they have reached and the problems they have faced, which promotes the extension of the digital economy industry chain. The findings will provide theoretical basis for the efficient and rational allocation of digital resources in China, and promote the sustainable development of digital industry clusters.

The key core technology innovation relying on megaprojects has become an effective model for independent innovation. This paper adopted a case study method to examine the process of China Three Gorges Corporation achieving core technology breakthroughs of megaprojects based on user-driven demand-side dynamic capabilities. The research found that: (1) In the technological introduction phase, users organize and assist domestic suppliers in catching up with core technologies by weakly controlling the formation of organizational innovation driven opportunity response capability and resource transfer capability. (2) In the in-depth development phase, user enterprises and suppliers jointly participate in innovation, which drives user enterprises to take advantage of their capability to foresee opportunities and share resources to promote the leading of supplier core technologies. (3) In the technology commercialization phase, users rely on strong control to drive the development of opportunity development and resource restructuring capabilities, promote the commercialization of core technologies, and thus make profits. The innovation of this study lies in condensing the important role of user-driven and dynamic capability mechanisms in achieving key core technology breakthroughs, and proposes a theoretical model of user-driven core technology breakthroughs of megaprojects. It has expanded the theoretical research in the fields of user innovation and dynamic capability, and will provide useful insights for policy formulation and enterprise practice of core technology innovation of megaprojects in China.

In the context of digital transformation, intellectual property mechanism provides systematic support for the development of the cultural industry. Focusing on cultural industry sources, this paper selected the digital publishing enterprise as a sample and found that copyright-centric firms reconstruct the "knowledge agent ideology", forming a symbiotic evolution model, which encompasses digital technology, copyright resource aggregation and cognitive reshaping. During the digital transition, enterprises leverage institutional capabilities and they transform exogenous copyright constraints into strategic innovation dividends. This drives market evolution from "content commercialization" to "copyright ecosystem", shift copyright resource allocation from "centralized control" to "equal sharing", and provide creators and users with more opportunities to participate in the content market. This research has examined the value creation and distribution models within adaptation and derivative work system in the process of digital transformation, establishment of copyright market mechanism, and amplification of knowledge value in the cultural industry, including literary works, music, games, and short-form videos. It will provide a guiding framework for sustainable development in these fields.

Emerging innovation ecosystems, such as those based on artificial intelligence foundation models, are rapidly taking shape. Unlike traditional industry innovation ecosystems, architects in these new ecosystems must navigate both positive and negative impacts of technological innovation during the experimental and exploratory phases of ecological construction. Further investigation is required to understand the formation mechanisms and governance strategies of these emerging industry innovation ecosystems. This paper employed a longitudinal case study approach, focusing on OpenAI, a leading research and development organization, to distill general patterns in the formation of emerging industry innovation ecosystems from the architect's perspective. It also delved into the varied governance mechanisms employed by architects within industry innovation ecosystems. The study revealed that: first, in the initial exploration phase, architects clarify technical objectives through open architecture and extensive testing of various technology pathways; second, during the development breakthrough phase, architects achieve a comprehensive technology layout by leveraging collaborative architecture, making focused investments in selected technology routes, integrating internal technology governance, and embracing public oversight; and third, in the continuous growth phase, architects enhance joint industry governance and engage in governmental governance activities by integrating architecture and accelerating the construction of innovation ecosystems, thereby reinforcing the legitimacy of ecological development. This paper constructed a "structure-conduct-governance-performance" (SCGP) process model, identified multiple governance mechanisms, including technology governance, public supervision, industry governance, and participation in government governance, and advanced research on the formation mechanisms of emerging industry innovation ecosystems. It will hold significant implications for research and development organizations aiming to achieve breakthroughs in emerging technologies and expedite the development of emerging industry innovation ecosystems.

Facing the practical needs of China to cultivate emerging industries and improve modern industrial ecosystems, it is of guiding significance to explore how state-owned enterprises cultivate industrial ecological dominance and strive to be leaders in the construction of industrial ecological system in the practice of innovation with integrity. Based on the resource theory and trust construction theory, this study used the case study method to analyze the intrinsic meaning and core elements of state-owned enterprises' industrial ecological dominance and uphold the fundamental principles of innovation with integrity from the theoretical level, and summarized the process and mechanism of upholding the fundamental principles of innovation with integrity in driving the cultivation of state-owned enterprises' industrial ecological dominance. The study found that: (1) state-owned enterprises play a leading role in stabilizing industrial ecology and exploiting industrial advantages through five levels: magnetic aggregation, chain radiation, core co-creation, accommodation opening, governance dominance; (2) upholding the fundamental principles of innovation with integrity in state-owned enterprises is an endogenous innovation, which combines the value bottom line of Chinese technology philosophy and the pursuit of modern technology value creation, and thus it is an innovative development concept and innovative spirit with Chinese wisdom; (3) the two factors of innovation with integrity are promoted one by one in state-owned enterprises to establish the ecological foundation, optimize niche level, excavate ecological vitality, integrate ecological components, and balance ecosystem of five levels in building the industrial ecological dominance of state-owned enterprises.

As a new form of innovation organization that links multiple innovation entities and promotes the innovation of key core technologies, the innovation consortium has attracted widespread attention. Still, its unique value co-creation mechanism has rarely been discussed. Using the case study method, this paper took China Railway Construction Heavy Industry Corporation Limited. (CRIHI) as an example to find that:(1) The innovation consortium is a tightly complementary value co-creation network led by core enterprises and consisting of innovation entities such as governments (as institutional builders), users (as demanders), technology suppliers of key components, universities, research institutes, etc. (2)The value co-creation mechanism for the innovation consortium to promote the innovation of key core technologies is an "organized value co-creation mechanism driven by both national mission and market demand". Among them, organized value co-creation is a process of "clear and unified innovation target orientation—close interaction between the complementary innovation entities led by core enterprises—accumulation of innovation elements towards core enterprises—innovation of key core technologies", national mission and market demand are sequential cycles driving conditions for organized value co-creation.These findings will contribute to promoting the construction of a theoretical system of innovation consortiums rooted in Chinese practices, expanding the application boundaries of value co-creation theory, enriching the literature on key core technology innovation, and providing essential implications for the establishment of innovation consortiums for key core technology innovation between governments and enterprises.

The rapid development of artificial intelligence (AI) has injected new vitality into China's smart manufacturing transformation. How to integrate AI with smart manufacturing to achieve transformation is a critical challenge for Chinese manufacturing enterprises. From the perspective of "cognitive-behavior" integration, this paper explored the process of AI-driven smart manufacturing transformation in manufacturing enterprises through a longitudinal case study of BOE Technology Group. The findings indicated that: (1) The AI-driven transformation process of manufacturing enterprises experiences three stages: automation, integration and autonomy, culminating in a leap from basic intelligence to ecological intelligence; (2) Manufacturing enterprises employ three meaning construction approaches— "technology demand-driven", "strategic awakening-driven", and "cultural reshaping-driven"—which influence the three resource orchestration patterns of "utilization-oriented → exploration-oriented → dynamic-oriented", thus facilitating the integration of AI and smart manufacturing transformation; (3) The role of meaning construction in resource orchestration evolves dynamically in multiple stages, and presents a process of "guidance → reshaping → reinforcement". The results have not only provided a theoretical framework for manufacturing enterprises to achieve smart manufacturing transformation but also enriched the application of resource orchestration theory and managerial cognition theory. The study will offer valuable insights for strategic decision-making in smart manufacturing transformation within manufacturing enterprises.

Complex product systems have unique characteristics of technology and market regime, and latecomers are faced with catch-up challenges such as cold start paradox, technology accumulation difficulty and path dependence dilemma. Based on the longitudinal case study of China's shield machine industry from catch-up to beyond, this paper explored the user participation features and innovation operation patterns in the process of technology catch-up of complex product systems, and expanded the path reference and management insights for the technology catch-up of complex product systems in deepening the research on subject interaction of national innovation system theory. This research found that key users with specific product requirements and significant industry influence fully participate in the innovation process and deeply influence decision-making. From the aspects of subjective collaboration, innovation effectiveness and learning effects, users drive the technological catch-up of complex product system industry. They have advantages such as application demonstration and learning of mature technologies, industrial-level collaboration, and frontier value propositions in addressing catch-up challenges. Furthermore, key users play a critical role in knowledge integration, scenario orchestration, and system coordination within the collaborative industrial modes of national innovation systems focused on the beyond catch-up, driving technological innovation and rapid catch-up in the complex product system industries.

Scientific research instruments are indispensable tools for scientific research and technological development, and advanced scientific research instruments themselves are also important scientific and technological innovation achievements, so their development and innovation are important elements to promote scientific and technological progress. In this paper, six scientific research instrument projects successfully cultivated by Jiangsu Industrial Technology Research Institute and Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei National Technology Innovation Center were taken as research objects, and the breakthrough path of high-quality development of scientific research instrument industry was studied and discussed from the perspective of industrial innovation system. It was found that the high-quality development of scientific research instrument industry is the result of knowledge and technology, multi-agent innovation network and system. Among them, having international level and independent and controllable core technology is the key to achieve high-quality development, the organic collaboration of multiple innovation subjects is the basis for achieving high-quality development, and flexible and innovative scientific research organization mode and scientific and effective funding mechanism are indispensable institutional support for achieving high-quality development. The research will invariably promote the theoretical innovation of industrial innovation system, enrich the high-quality development research of scientific research instrument industry, and provide inspiration for cultivating leading enterprises of scientific research instrument and improving the level of industrial technological innovation in the new era.

New quality productive forces, in which innovation plays a leading role, has a unique internal generation mechanism. This paper focused on the challenges faced by innovation-led development, such as the divergence of technological routes, the complexity of the industrial and innovation chains, and the high uncertainty regarding future demands and innovation returns. Taking the new energy vehicle industry in Shenzhen as the case study object, it delved into the internal generation mechanism of new quality productive forces from the perspective of innovation practices. Based on the unique perspective of complex systems, a three-dimensional analysis framework of "stage-dynamic-structure" was constructed to systematically sort out and theoretically examined the dynamic process of incubation-generation-diffusion of the new energy vehicle industry in Shenzhen. The research findings showed that driving enterprises to achieve "technological self-reliance" through independent "product development" and then realizing "breakthroughs in technological changes" is the practical path to promote the incubation-generation-diffusion of new quality productive forces. The transformation of the competitive paradigm at the micro-enterprise level and the policy paradigm at the macro-government level are the coordinated driving forces for the in-depth transformation and upgrading of the industry. Vertical integration and horizontal division of labor are the two dominant structures for the innovative allocation of factors. This research has provided some empirical and theoretical references for accelerating the development of new quality productive forces in light of local conditions, timings and industries.

The spin-offs from SOEs are the entities of innovation that stimulate the vitality of the public sector of the economy, and they need to become national strategic scientific and technological strength on the basis of coordinating the parent-child relationship. However, the process and path of how spin-offs from SOEs can achieve identity transition are still unclear. Through an exploratory single case study on China Mobile (Suzhou) Software Technology Co., Ltd., based on the perspective of strategic entrepreneurship, we found that: (1) the identity construction process of spin-offs from SOEs is driven by the national identity expectation and initial identity dependence, which brings the gap of ability between the actual identity and the expected identity; (2) determining the identity climbing crevice is the preceding guidance mechanism for organizational identity construction of spin-offs from SOEs, which provides a logical basis for strategic entrepreneurship actions from the cognitive dimension through current identity reflection and future identity aspiration; (3) Strategic entrepreneurship action is the core promotion mechanism to achieve the organizational identity transition of spin-offs from SOEs. Strategic leveraging with internalization and creating differentiated advantages are core means to leap over the identity climbing crevice; (4) Based on strategic entrepreneurship actions, spin-offs from SOEs constantly improve the organizational ability, which helps match the complex requirements of identity construction; and spin-offs from SOEs successfully achieve the national expectation and empower the identity change of the parent, and the organizational identity makes a smooth transition. This study has deepened the understanding of the uniqueness of spin-offs under the state-owned context, expands the research on organizational identity construction and strategic entrepreneurship, and it will provide management insights for promoting the deepening reforms and innovation development of state-owned enterprises.

The cultivation of enterprises' technological self-reliance and self-improvement capability is an important support for China to promote the development of Chinese path to modernization through comprehensive innovation. Among them, the upgrading of intellectual property as a complementary asset enabling technology standard is the dominant design, which is a key measure for the formation of enterprises' technological self-reliance and self-improvement capability. However, the process mechanism is still unclear. This study conducted a single case study based on XCMG, a leading enterprise in the construction machinery manufacturing industry, exploring the mechanism of the synergy between technical standards and intellectual property to promote the formation of technological self-reliance and self-improvement capability. The research found that: (1) the technological self-reliance and self-improvement capability is composed of six elements of capabilities, including independent and leading capabilities in technological innovation, development and competition capabilities in international market, leading and controllable capabilities in institutional rules; (2) technical standards and intellectual property in different dominant design stages has shifted the direction of synergistic from "same track" to "changing track", and the relative speed of their synergistic has evolved from "different speed-same speed -acceleration". heterogeneous synergistic behavior forms synergistic mechanisms such as defense, offense, autonomy, and win-win, which is the process mechanism for building technological self-reliance and self-improvement capabilities; and (3) during the transition process of leading the design phase, the collaborative relative velocity drives the change of collaborative direction, presenting a change of "different speeds constrained by the same orbit - same speed driven orbit change - acceleration leading". This process is the mechanism for upgrading different levels of capabilities and combinations to ultimately form the ability to achieve technological self-reliance and self-improvement. This research has deconstructed the connotation of enterprises' technological self-reliance and self-improvement capability from the three-dimensional framework of "technological innovation-market development-institutional rules", carried out dynamic evolution exploration of their synergy behavior from a new perspective of the relative speed and direction of synergy, and constructed a mechanism for building and improving enterprises' technological self-reliance and self-improvement capability based on the synergy of the two, and it will provide important enlightenment for China's scientific and technological innovation manufacturing enterprises represented by construction machinery to comprehensively promote the development of Chinese path to modernization through innovation.

Currently, the digital transformation of Chinese enterprises is deeply entangled in the misconception of "paying more attention to technology than demand", leading to a significant resource waste and low effectiveness. To address this issue, this paper adopted a scenario-driven perspective to construct a dynamic adaptability model of "three dimensions and one core" through an in-depth case study of a Chinese energy sales group. The study explored how enterprises can enhance their dynamic adaptability to internal and external demands through a double-layer feedback loop centered on "demand-driven digitalization of management" and "scenario-driven digitalization of business". The research findings are as follows: (1) The management of a digital feedback closed loop is central to digital transformation, and the iterative processes of demand identification, scenario design, and scenario feedback ensure the adaptability of scenario construction and demand alignment, thereby driving dynamic adaptability through scenario iteration; (2) Scenario capability shapes the trajectory of digital transformation. By upgrading technology, strengthening customer connections, and leveraging data-driven insights, enterprises enhance their internal and external adaptability, fostering the development and innovation of new scenarios; (3) The spiral upgrade of digital scenario construction fuels value creation, enabling enterprises to achieve adaptive dynamic adjustments in response to emerging technologies, evolving demands, and new market opportunities; (4) The scenario-driven value creation path exhibits dual characteristics: stock enhancement and incremental creation. Through demand-responsive management decisions and scenario iteration, a performance feedback loop is established, facilitating dynamic and adaptive value creation. This paper has introduced the concept of "dynamic adaptive value creation through digital scenarios", elucidated the demand-driven and scenario-based dynamic adaptive mechanisms, and it will provide a systematic and adaptive perspective for advancing both the theoretical and practical dimensions of enterprise digital transformation. The findings will offer innovative insights and actionable guidance for enterprises seeking efficient and effective digital transformation.

It is worthy of attention to explore how local latecomer enterprises continuously shape their competitive advantages to realize the stepwise process of catching up and leading in international market competition. There are abundant studies on latecomer catch-up from the perspective of organizational learning; however, there are few studies on the process mechanism of how latecomers deepen the formation of the organizational learning loop and upgrade their competitive advantages to achieve catch-up, surpass catch-up, and lead the step. Based on the organizational learning theory, this study selected Xiaomi Company to conduct an exploratory single-case study to investigate the internal mechanism of shaping and upgrading the competitive advantage of latecomers. It was discovered that the shaping of the competitive advantage of latecomers exhibits the process logic of grasping the key opportunity window, deepening the organizational learning loop, and upgrading and evolving the capability. Among them, identifying and grasping the key opportunity window by setting goals is the starting point for shaping and upgrading the competitive advantage of latecomers. Based on the guidance of goals, the organization undertakes single-loop optimization and improvement learning, double-loop innovation iterative learning, and three-loop transformation and reconstruction learning in order to provide the source power for the shaping and upgrading of stage competitive advantages and promote the evolution of corresponding capabilities to shape the competitive advantages of the user market, ecological aggregation, and innovation-leading. This promotes latecomer enterprises to gradually achieve the steps of catch-up, surpassing catch-up, and taking the lead. The research conclusion has clarified the process mechanism and the underlying logic of the continuous shaping of competitive advantages by latecomers, expanded the study of latecomer catch-up based on organizational learning, and it will provide significant enlightenment for local latecomers' continuous shaping of competitive advantages to lead the transition.

Intelligent Complex Product Systems (ICPS) integrate advanced information technologies to drive innovation in smart living and production, reflecting the development of new forms of productive forces. However, existing research lacks sufficient exploration into how ICPS development capabilities are formed. This study, grounded in the affordance theory, analyzed the cases from Hisense and Inspur's smart city products and revealed that the dual affordances of technology and market serve as the driving force behind leading enterprises' efforts to build ICPS development capabilities. It further demonstrated that establishing complementary management mechanisms centered on shared value propositions—covering discourse, organization, norms, and resource strategies—is crucial for transforming dual technology-market affordances into ICPS development capabilities. Additionally, leading enterprises can cultivate ICPS development capabilities through either a pathway of "diffusion" or "replication": under the diffusion pathway, driven by endogenous technology and concentrated market demands, enterprises focus on top-down value propositions and adopt pioneering strategies; and in contrast, under the replication pathway, guided by exogenous technology and dispersed market demands, the emphasis is on bottom-up value propositions with an integration strategy. The conclusions of this study will not only enrich the literature on the relationship between affordances and ICPS but also provide practical insights and inspiration for businesses developing complex product systems.

Industry-university-research (IUR) innovation consortium represents the latest endeavor to establish Chinese IUR deep integrated technological innovation system. However, current efforts in constructing IUR innovation consortia confront considerable challenges, including unclear organizational models, outdated institutional mechanisms, and unknown construction paths. In view of the prevailing circumstances, this paper employed a multi-case study methodology, selected four representative cases of government-led IUR innovation consortium, university-led IUR innovation consortium, research-institute-led IUR innovation consortium, and enterprise-led IUR innovation consortium as research subjects, and analyzed thoroughly the organizational mode innovation and institutional mechanism innovation within four IUR innovation consortia, finally deriving a comprehensive construction path model for IUR innovation consortia. The research findings revealed that constructing IUR innovation consortia should be led by leading organizations with active participation of upstream and downstream enterprises, universities and research institutes, guided by government strategic requirements, motivated by market demands, and bound together by common interests. Constructing IUR innovation consortia also needs to implement a series of organizational mode innovations to overcome innovation barriers, undertake a series of institutional mechanism innovations to break innovation bottlenecks, and effectively integrate diverse innovation entities and elements within the innovation chain and industrial chain, ultimately enhancing overall innovation efficiency. This paper has concluded comprehensive theoretical explanations from "what to build" to "how to build" and then to "how to manage" IUR innovation consortia, thereby developing Chinese localized research IUR and innovation consortia and offering valuable insights into practices of constructing IUR innovation consortia in the context of Chinese modernization.

Digital twins build a bridge between the real and virtual worlds and are widely used in manufacturing enterprises' production services. However, it remains underexplored how digital twins drive the creation of new value scenarios within these enterprises. This study, grounded in the embeddedness theory, employed an exploratory dual case study approach to distill the practical insights of Mino and Midea Building Technologies in the domains of intelligent manufacturing and smart buildings. The study found that: first, expanding value scenarios through digital twins relies on a fundamental logic that includes the composition of elements—assets, people and digital twins—mapped to physical space, social relations, and digital space, and their interactions. Second, two primary expansion models are identified: the process-based model and the parallel model. In the process-based model, exemplified by Mino, elements are embedded into the virtual world through production lines and processes, extending the value activities of the production line and the product lifecycle. Third, the parallel expansion, represented by Midea Building Technologies, centers on the core logic of mapping three key elements into the virtual world based on buildings, abstracting traffic flow, information flow, experience flow, energy flow, and others, thereby broadening the industrial boundaries. This study will enrich research on digital innovation, scenario creation, and embeddedness theory, and offer theoretical and practical references for the digital transformation of manufacturing enterprises.

The digital transformation during Industry 4.0 is resource-intensive. As the main force, manufacturing SMEs need to leverage opportunities with resources to deal with complexity, uncertainty and risks. How can opportunity-resource integration promote manufacturing SMEs' digital transformation has important research significance. This research used the exploratory single case study to find: (1) in the process of digital transformation, the dominant logic of manufacturing SMEs changes from digital intelligent product-dominant to diversified service-dominant and then to scenarized value-dominant, which dynamically guides the evolution of enterprises' opportunity-resource integration; (2) enterprises achieve single point optimization through integration of opportunity identification and resource bricolage, achieve multipoint integration through integration of opportunity creation and resource orchestration, achieve ecological collaboration through integration of opportunity co-creation and resource collaboration; and (3) the gradual deepening of digital transformation can enrich the enterprise resource pool and broaden the digital opportunity set, which promotes the upgrading of opportunity-resource integration. The dynamic relation of digital transformation and opportunity-resource integration presents the form of iterative cycle and spiral rise. This paper will help to fill theoretical gap of the existing research on opportunity-resource integration in the digital context, and has some reference value for the management practice of realizing synergy of resources and opportunities in the process of manufacturing SMEs' digital transformation.

With the increasingly severe international situation, the West has implemented strict technological blockades on China, and the problem of key bottlenecks in technology is becoming increasingly prominent. From a national perspective, China is paying more and more attention to scientific and technological innovation, and increasing R&D expenditures year by year for original and leading scientific and technological breakthroughs. As the main force of technological innovation, enterprises play an important role in the process of tackling key core technologies in China. The solution to the "bottleneck" technical problem relies on the improvement of the technological innovation capabilities of small and medium-sized enterprises with the characteristics of specialization, refinement, differentiation and innovation (SRDI enterprises). However, most enterprises have paid special attention to manufacturing, sales, and service processes in the past. Due to insufficient R&D investment and lack of strategic attention, their technological innovation capabilities are insufficient, and they are still "controlled by others" in key core technology areas. Exploring the impact of R&D intensity on technological innovation capability in SRDI enterprises has become a common concern in both academia and practice.Based on the research objectives and following the principles of typicality and effectiveness, this study selected GK enterprises as the research object for an exploratory single case study to explore the impact mechanism of R&D intensity on the technological innovation capability of SRDI enterprises. According to the grounded theory, this study organized and coded the obtained case data, in order to obtain some important findings.The study found that: (1) The cognition of managers is formed based on external entrepreneurial contexts and internal resources and capabilities, and it is a key antecedent variable in the advancement of the technological innovation capability of SRDI enterprises; (2) As the external context changes, enterprises adjust their R&D intensity. At the same time, driven by both the cognition of enterprise managers and the R&D intensity, the centrality and density of enterprise cooperation networks have shown varying degrees of transformation, leading to the advancement of the enterprise technological innovation capability; (3) The study has proposed an evolutionary process model for the technological innovation capability of SRDI enterprises, clarified the internal relationship between managers' cognition, R&D intensity, network construction and technological innovation capability, and revealed the internal path for improving the technological innovation capability of SRDI enterprises.The innovation points of the study are as follows: firstly, this study explored from a cognitive perspective and found that national policies and market demand are key incentives for the evolution of technological innovation capabilities in SRDI enterprises, while managerial cognition is the micro-foundation of technological innovation capabilities. The research conclusion will fill the gap in the current research on the driving factors of the evolution process of enterprise technological innovation capability and enrich the applicable context of upper echelons theory. Secondly, the study has uncovered the "black box" of the process of enhancing the technological innovation capability of SRDI enterprises from the perspective of organizational behavior, emphasized the key role of R&D investment and network relationship construction, and provided important explanatory pathways for the growth and enhancement of technological capability of SRDI enterprises in China. Thirdly, this study has deeply analyzed the formation and evolution mechanism of enterprise technological innovation capability from a dynamic perspective, and analyzed the internal logic of the formation and advancement of SRDI enterprises technological innovation capability under the new system for mobilizing the resources nationwide from a process perspective. The research conclusion will not only promote the localization process of theory of technological innovation, but also expand the boundaries of dynamic capability theory.