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20 July 2018, Volume 39 Issue 7 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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A research on the interactive mechanism of innovation speed and efficiency of high-tech industries Yu Liping, Zhong Changbiao, Wang Zuogong 2018, 39(7): 1-8.  Abstract ( 475 )   This paper puts forward the concept of high-tech industry innovation speed, analyzes the interactive mechanism of innovation speed and efficiency of high-tech industry and carries out an empirical study. Using the panel data, it analyzes the function size and regular pattern of innovation speed to efficiency. By using the panel vector auto regressive model, it analyzes the interactive relationship between innovation speed and efficiency of high-tech industry. The research results show that the interactive relationship between innovation speed and efficiency of high-tech industry is positive. The speed of innovation increases by 1%, and the efficiency increases by 0.114%. In the short term, it is the most effective method to improve the enterprise's innovation speed. A U-curve appears between innovation speed and efficiency of high-tech industry. When the innovation speed is medium, the efficiency is the lowest. The elasticity coefficient of labor is greater than that of capital and innovation speed. The operation quality of high-tech industry in China needs to be improved. Related Articles | Metrics

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Impact of open source on innovation mode selection and R&D investment of software vendors 2018, 39(7): 9-16.  Abstract ( 357 )   Through releasing software as open source, the software vendor can improve software quality significantly with the help of outside innovation forces. However, it leads to the loss of market. With construction of a two-period economic model and comparison of equilibrium outcomes under two innovation models, this paper obtains the software vendor’s choice of innovation model and R&D investment strategy. The study results are as follows: first, when the software vendor has stronger absorptive capacity for code resource from contributors compared with the open source community, the vendor’s best choice is open source innovation model as long as the community attracts much enough contribution or the vendor has low R&D cost, otherwise the vendor would choose proprietary innovation model. On the contrary, when the open source community has stronger absorptive capacity, the vendor would choose open source innovation model only if it has low R&D cost, else proprietary model is the best. Second, although the software vendor can obtain the support from outside innovation force after releasing the source code, it should raise its R&D investment to maintain quality advantage of its software. This paper provides some insightful guidance for software vendors and policy makers. Related Articles | Metrics

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Interactive evolution of emerging industry innovation and incubator marketization Huang Ziwei， Liu Wei， Du Jingjing 2018, 39(7): 17-25.  Abstract ( 404 )   This paper explored dynamic impact mechanisms of the change in key role public incubator played. Firstly, we explained the coevolution of emerging industries with different technological innovation oriented and incubators with different marketization degree. Then, we uses VAR model to analyze contribution function of dynamic role between emerging industries and incubators based on incubators in zhongguancun. Results of impulse response function and variance decomposition suggest a two-way dynamic mechanism. Effect of incubator marketization to technological innovation is direct and significant. Effect of technological innovation to incubator marketization lags. Especially public incubator reaction is slow to technology-oriented innovation under the industrial policy restrictions. As a result, we considered incubator should not be limited to a single policy tool, it is also a industrial tool as a emerging entrepreneur service industry. We may pay attention to “policy and industrialization” of incubator complementing and perfecting creativity entrepreneurship environment of emerging industries. Related Articles | Metrics

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A study of technology dependence and lock-in effect in China’s wine industrial development under open economy Chen Qiangqiang， Dou Xuecheng 2018, 39(7): 26-33.  Abstract ( 306 )   The endogenous growth theory emphasizes the role of the international technology spillovers from international trade channels in economic development, and takes the international trade as the trigger for technology progress. The paper firstly reviewed the principle and formation mechanism of path dependence and lock-in effect in the technological development. Secondly, on the basis of sample containing 10 wine regions’ data of China from 1998 to 2014, the technological progress was measured and the lock-in of technology in Chinese wine industry was clarified based on data envelopment analysis (DEA). Lastly, three econometric models were constructed so that the technology lock-in effect and the transmission mechanism of factor resources to lock-in effect were discussed during the development of Chinese wine industry under the conditions of China’s opening up. The main conclusions showed that: (1) For Chinese wine industry, the average growth rate of total factor productivity (TFP) was 12.40%, and the total factor productivity growth was the result of technological progress（TECH） and technical efficiency change（EFF）; In the development of Chinese wine industry, there were obvious characteristics of technology lock-in, and the technical efficiency was hovering around the relatively low level of 2.0, and was unable to achieve effective breakthrough; (2) Regression model examining the impact of the opening up on the technological progress of the wine industry. The opening up indexes were expressed in import and export volume of wine, and technological progress represented by total factor productivity (TFP), technical efficiency (EFF) and technical progress (TECH) respectively. Opening up had both positive and negative effects on the wine industry technological progress. Wine export (X) had negative effects on TFP, EFF, TECH, the competitiveness of domestic wine products was low. Import of wine however played an important role in the improvement of China's wine industry technology ability, imports increased by 1%, technological progress would increase by 0.183%. (3) Lock-in effect model, namely, the effect of opening up on the allocation of physical capital and human capital was simulated. The result showed that import trade had remarkable oriented influence on the distribution of resources (material capital, human capital). Wine imports increased by 1%, the application amount of physical capital and human capital increased by 0.35% and 0.143% respectively. Export trade had negative effects on material capital and human capital optimal allocation. (4) The transmission mechanism of factor resources to lock-in effect was discussed during the development of Chinese wine industry. Under open economy, there was obvious lock-in effect in technology efficiency for China wine industry; the lock-in effect of total factor productivity was weak. And the low-level Human capital was the main approach, through which the open economy influencing technology lock-in effect. To promote the quality of human capital would help Chinese wine industry threw off the negative aspect of lock-in effect during opening up. Related Articles | Metrics

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Trust, conflict and stability of cross-national technological strategic alliances Yang Zhenning, Bai Chunye 2018, 39(7): 34-42.  Abstract ( 299 )   Based on the domestic and foreign strategic alliance theory, this paper analyzes the relationship among alliance trust, alliance conflict and alliance stability, and uses the questionnaire survey method to get the conclusions: First, the alliance trust and communication can positively affect the alliance stability; second, the influence of alliance conflict on alliance trust and communication is generally negative; third, alliance trust and communication play a complete mediation effect in alliance conflict and alliance stability. Some suggestions are putting forward for the maintenance of good alliance relations based on the conclusion. Related Articles | Metrics

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Firm size, market competition and implementation performance of R&D subsidy Xing Fei, Wang Hongjian 2018, 39(7): 43-49.  Abstract ( 558 )   R&D subsidy can stimulate more private innovations, and it may also directly substitute and reduce R&D activities within firms, thus the policy risk arises. The key of successfully implementing R&D subsidy is reducing the policy risk. This paper proposes a coordinated theory framework to analyze how enterprises’own character (size) related hazard and market competition related hazard affect the performance of R&D subsidy. Using data of listed companies in China from 2008-2012 as a sample, this paper examines the moderating effects of enterprise size, market competition, and their combinations on R&D subsidy policies; besides, recognizing the terms, which can relieve the policy risk, attributes to the the improvement of R&D subsidy performance. The results indicate that government should avoid subsidizing large firms in low competitive industries and small firms in high competitive industries. Therefore, our study provides suggestions of making R&D subsidy policies reasonably in China. Related Articles | Metrics

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A visual analysis of hot spots and their evolution of business model innovation Jin Yuran， Ji Shoufeng, Yu Jiangnan 2018, 39(7): 50-58.  Abstract ( 471 )   Based on the research literature from SCI and SSCI database in 1997-2016, the co-cited references networks, references bursts, keywords bursts, and alluvial flow were visualized with CiteSpaceIII and Alluvial flow to analyze the hotspots and evolution of business model innovation. The future potential hotspots of business model innovation were also explored. The results show: 1) the main hotspots include "creating value", "open source", "business model challenge", etc.; 2) the hotspots change from "information technology" of the late 20th century, "internet", "e-commerce" and "mass customization" of the early 21st century, to the current "cloud manufacturing", "cloud computing", "corporate social responsibility", etc.; 3）the corresponding research results from AMIT R, TEECE DJ, CHESBROUGH H and VENKATRAMAN N are of milestone significance; 4) "virtual reality", "artificial intelligence ", "3D printing" and "simulation research" and so on are likely to become the future hotspots of business model innovation. This study can promote the theoretical development of business model innovation, help scholars to determine business model innovation research direction, and provide guidance and reference for enterprises to carry out business model innovation. Related Articles | Metrics

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Differential effects of vertical and horizontal networks on firm innovation performance Guo Huiling, Xu Hangjun, Dong Baobao, Guo Zhaoyang 2018, 39(7): 59-68.  Abstract ( 372 )   Limited empirical research has been done to establish the relative contribution of vertical and horizontal network to performance. Moreover, little is known regarding the interaction relationship among the network, entrepreneurial orientation and the external environment to the innovation performance. Based on the theoretical logic of complexity adaptive system (CAS), we integrated all of these above factors to general a holistic framework and analyzed 225 valid samples to empirical test the framework. Here are the main conclusions of the paper: both of vertical and horizontal network quality and quantity have positively effects on firm performance; entrepreneurial orientation positively moderated the relationship between vertical network quality and performance, while negatively moderated the relationship between vertical network quantity and performance; environment turbulent positively moderated the relationship between horizontal network quantity and performance, while has no significantly relationship between horizontal network quality and performance. Theoretical and managerial implications are also provided. Related Articles | Metrics

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A research on identification of life cycle of IUR collaborative innovation Hu Wen, Chen Qiang 2018, 39(7): 69-77.  Abstract ( 345 )   Inspired by life-cycle theory, we establish an identification model based on fuzzy set theory to theoretically divide cooperation and collaboration into adjacent stages. Three key indicators are determined, including collaboration degree, cooperation output and collaboration effectiveness. The result of from the case studies verifies the feasibility of identification model. Conclusions show that (1) the identification model on the life cycle of University-Industry collaborative innovation realizes the scientific division of collaborative process on the premise of maintaining its ambiguity; (2) the quantification of key indicators is able to be combined with subjective and objective evaluations which demonstrate good recognition effect; (3) differences exist in the development path of collaboration. Related Articles | Metrics

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A research on the effect mechanism of organizational culture on organizational innovation Wang Chenggang， Shi Chunsheng 2018, 39(7): 78-84.  Abstract ( 349 )   In the aspect of organizational innovation research, researching on the organizational culture has been a new research area. Research on promoting the level of the organizational innovation by optimizing the organizational culture is an important topic. To deeply study the effect mechanism of the organizational culture on the organizational innovation, this paper analyzes many literatures that mentioned to the organizational innovation and organizational culture. And based on some theories and the data of Chinese high-end equipment manufacturing firms, this paper does the reliability test and establishes a model that reflects the effect mechanism of organizational culture for organizational innovation by the method of factor analysis. Furthermore, this paper does the test of goodness of fit on the model of factor analysis. At last, this paper concludes that there are 3 dimensionalities in organizational culture. They are innovation value dimensionality, innovation incentive system dimensionality and innovation behavior patterns dimensionality. These dimensionalities are positive influence on the organizational innovation. When enterprise managers try to do the organizational innovation, they should realize the importance of organizational culture, and pay the highest attention to employees’ innovational value, and pay higher attention to innovational active pattern. The innovational incentive system is lowest. Related Articles | Metrics

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Creative-assets achieving, subsidiary power and reverse knowledge transfer Du Lihong 2018, 39(7): 85-96.  Abstract ( 372 )   in order to enhance the independent innovation capability, Chinese enterprises have paid more and more attention on achieving creative assets of domestic countries in investing overseas. So it became much important to discuss how to achieve modern knowledge from other countries. Comparing to the knowledge spillover and technology spillover in FDI from foreign enterprises, to achieve resources and promote the technology level, reverse knowledge transfer from subsidiaries to parent companies in MNEs would be more initiative and effective for Chinese enterprises in the OFDI activities, especially in order to achieve the specific resources and to enhance the independent innovation capabilities. And this paper would try to introduce reverse knowledge transfer into creative-assets achieving investment and improve the possibility of RKT in sharing modern knowledge from domestic countries. In order to reveal the microcosmic factors from the parent companies to encourage the RKT, this paper has introduced a newly-developed questionnaire for the strategic factors and RKT evaluations in Chinese enterprises. And based on the surveying data from Chinese enterprises investing overseas, we have applied the mediation test and structural equation modeling into the research of the effecting factors in RKT. Then it has been found out that the investing motivation and subsidiary power made remarkable effects on the knowledge application and knowledge innovation of reverse knowledge transfer, while the effect of the investing motivation was measured by the creative assets achieving motivation, and the subsidiary power was measured by the controlling degree on subsidiaries through strategy control, culture control and stock control. Furthermore, this paper has also found out that the effect of investing motivation was transmitted by the mediating effect of transferring willing, and the effect of subsidiary power was mainly transmitted by the transferring channels. According to the above conclusions and the supporting analysis of the case study in Huawei, we could establish the reverse knowledge transfer mechanism and make suggestions to Chinese enterprise to achieving creative assets: (1) to encourage the creative assets achieving investment in Chinese MNEs, especially focusing on technology, management skills and marketing, cultural knowledge; (2) to enhance the subsidiary power by increasing the controlling degree in strategy, culture and stock control so as to promote the reverse transferring willing and to improve the transferring channels through a two-way knowledge transferring system by the coding channel and the staff channel; (3) to introduce more and more wholly-owned subsidiaries and holding joint ventures in the overseas investments so as to increase the stock controlling degree; to introduce the unify strategic planning and resource supporting to increase the strategic controlling degree; to develop a highly cohesive culture system to increase the culture controlling degree; (4) to pay more attention to the knowledge designing and innovating besides knowledge applying in order to realize the technology catch-up for our country. Related Articles | Metrics

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Tie strength, organizational learning and knowledge transfer effectiveness Xu Guojun, Yang Jianjun, Sun Qinggang 2018, 39(7): 97-105.  Abstract ( 368 )   Based on the perspective of social network, this paper focuses on the relationship between tie strength and effectiveness of knowledge transfer, and explores the mediating effect of organizational learning style from knowledge recipient. In addition, we also study the moderating role of knowledge codifiability from knowledge source and knowledge base compatibility between two sides in the cooperation. Then we explore the relationships using data from 305 Chinese manufacturing and high-technology firms, and analyze the data by AMOS and SPSS. The findings show that tie strength contributes positively to effectiveness of knowledge transfer. Tie strength has an indirect, positive relationship, via exploitation learning, with effectiveness of knowledge transfer. Another finding is that knowledge base compatibility has strengthened the positive relationship between tie strength and effectiveness of knowledge transfer. Related Articles | Metrics

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Social responsibility of the new generations: A study of intergenerational difference in consumer behavior Li Jianan, Liu Chunlin 2018, 39(7): 106-113.  Abstract ( 342 )   This paper explores the reaction of new generations born in 1980s and 1990s on corporate social responsibility from consumer behavior perspective. We conducted two experiments. Study 1 examined whether the CSR practice promotes the new generations’ support to firms’ products. Study 2 compared the differences of the responses of the new generation and the old generation to corporate social responsibility activities, and explained the difference from the perceptive of organizational identification. The experiments results show that new generations support the CSR firm’ s products much more than non-CSR firm’s products. What’s more, the new generation are more likely than old generations to support CSR firm’s products. Our results imply that the new generations are not lacking of social responsibility. Instead, new generations are more valuable for firms to implement CSR strategy. Related Articles | Metrics

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A study of the logical relationship between modular systems and its impact mechanism on new product performance Long Yong, Zhang Yu 2018, 39(7): 114-122.  Abstract ( 328 )   Based on the impact of modular strategy on new product performance, it explores the logical relationship between technology modularity, product modularity and process modularity, and identify the mediating effect of product innovativeness. Based on the data collected from the manufacturing enterprises in the midwest regions, this paper tries to reveal the mechanism of the modularization strategy on new product performance by using the structural equation modeling analysis. It is found out that technological modularity facilitates the development of product modularity, and product modularity advances the product manufacturing process modularity in the modular system. Technical modularity and product modularity promote new product performance by improving product innovativeness. Related Articles | Metrics

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Impact of transformational leadership on employees’ innovative behavior: Roles of psychological empowerment and affective commitment Li Yongzhan 2018, 39(7): 123-130.  Abstract ( 452 )   Using samples of high-tech enterprises, this paper studied the mechanism of impact of transformational leadership (TL) on employees’ innovative behavior (EIB) through dyad questionnaire survey, specifically explored the mediating role of psychological empowerment between TL and EIB and the moderating role of affective commitment in such relationship. The results showed that TL was positively related to EIB; TL was positively related to employees’ psychological empowerment; employees’ psychological empowerment was positively related to their affective commitment to the organization; employees’ affective commitment was a moderator between TL and EIB; and employees’ psychological empowerment including its dimensions acts as partial mediators between TL and EIB. Related Articles | Metrics

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A research on identification of the named entity for large-scale food safety incidents Xu Fei, Song Yinghua 2018, 39(7): 131-138.  Abstract ( 293 )   It is not only helpful for people who can get a deeper understanding of food safety incident but also beneficial for managers who deal with food safety incidents to analyze and identify the entity of food safety incidents. With the news reports of food safety incident texts as the corpus and by counting and analyzing the internal and external characteristics of the entities of organization name and the person names, the identification task of the entities of organization name and the person names in food safety incidents based on conditional random field model is completed in formulating identification template containing multiple characteristics. The overall performance of the conditional random field model is outstanding in the experimental results comparing with the test results of maximum entropy model, and the accuracy and recall rate is very well. Related Articles | Metrics

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An evaluation model and empirical research on CSR based on cloud model Meng Bin, Niu Erxuan, Kuang Haibo, Luo Jiaqi 2018, 39(7): 139-150.  Abstract ( 372 )   As a pillar industry related to the people's livelihood, it is an inevitable trend for the transportation industry to increase the emphasis on corporate social responsibility practice under the guidance of national policy. This paper is based on the ISO26000 of the International Organization for Standardization, the G4 standard of the Global Reporting Initiative, and other relevant authoritative reports and related literature, then it combined with the connotation of CSR and the principle of typical indicators of high frequency in the authority agency to eliminate the indicators that reflect the repetition of information through the variance expansion factor and select the indexes of significant impact on the CSR evaluation through the principal component analysis. Hence five criterion layers (including the environment, human rights, etc.) and 45 indicators (including the use of recycled materials, smoke and dust emission and reduction, etc.) are constructed. The could model is used to construct the CSR evaluation model of transportation industry. The innovation and characteristics of this paper: First, by establishing a linear regression equation of one index and all other indicators, the index variance expansion factor VIF is used to solve the correlation index, and then remove the variance expansion factor which VIF is larger than the threshold and keep the remaining indicators to avoid the indicators reflecting the information repetition. Second, the absolute value of the factor load in the factor analysis is weighted by variance contribution rate, using the factor load to reflect the jth factor to explain the proportion of the ith indicator information, then screen significant indicators of the CSR evaluation and construct the CSR evaluation index system. The third is to construct a model of the performance evaluation for the CSR of the transportation industry based on the cloud model, it not only considers the uncertainty of the concept of the CSR, but also reflects the connection between the randomness of the transportation industry the vagueness of the CSR, it forms a mutual mapping relationship between qualitative and quantitative, and weights the evaluation index of the CSR through the cloud model, finally it measures the implementation of the CSR of the transportation industry. Related Articles | Metrics

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An analysis and countermeasures of technocrats’ default behavior in pollution disputes Gu Jintu, Zhang Zhihong, Yao Juan 2018, 39(7): 151-158.  Abstract ( 260 )   Pollution disputes require the intellectual support of Technocrats. Technocrats also make rational choices in specific contexts. In some cases, Technocrats deviated from social expectations and do default behaviors, causing serious environmental and social problems. According to the degree of default, default behaviors can be divided into three categories: elasticity choice, hidden view and intentional distortion. It shows that the essence of elasticity choice is the economic behavior with violating the professional ethics, and hidden view is the collective silence on the focus of environmental disputes, and intentional distortion is the collusion with political economic elites. On the basis of above analysis, this paper provides such advices: establish the industry self-discipline mechanism for the elasticity choice, establish the flexible incentive mechanism for the hidden view, and establish the rigid corrective mechanism for intentional distortion. In the era of the project system, eliminating the default behavior of technocrats requires systematic integration and social integration. Related Articles | Metrics

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A study of the impacts of psychological contract violation on charitable organization staffs by taking workplace spirituality as a mediating variable Ke Jianglin, Deng Xiuting, Wu Dan 2018, 39(7): 159-167.  Abstract ( 309 )   After joined the charitable organizations, people with caring heart found that the reality is inconsistent with the expected work or organizational status, thus resulting in higher turnover intention and lower well-being and organizational citizenship behavior, causing inefficient management of those organizations. In order to analyze the causes of this phenomenon, this study focuses on psychological contract violation and analyzes the mechanism from the perspective of the workplace spirituality. Using structural equation modeling (SEM), this study found those results in charitable organizations:(1) Psychological contract violation negatively affects employees' subjective well-being and organizational citizenship behavior, and positively affects employees' turnover intention; (2) Psychological contract violation negatively affects employees' workplace spirituality; (3) Workplace spirituality plays a partial intermediary role between psychological contract violation and subjective well-being. Workplace spirituality plays a complete intermediary role between psychological contract violation and organizational citizenship behavior, as well as psychological contract violation and turnover intention. Related Articles | Metrics

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A research on Maker’s incubator project financing—An empirical study based on Haier’s HCH Platform Zhao Kun， Guo Dongqiang， Liu Xianyue， Li Wei 2018, 39(7): 168-176.  Abstract ( 261 )   This paper explores the Maker’s main behavioral motivations and it’s impact of project financing, when they are using online social network on the internet incubator platform. We use the binary Logit regression analysis method to carry out empirical research by using Haier's data. The results show that: in the incubator project financing process, the Maker’s seeking motivation, contacts obtain motivation are positively correlated with financial success; emotional obtain motivation is not conducive to financing, while phenotype motivation play a regulatory role for successful financing. And it’s not obvious to financing whether the Maker have successful financing experience or not. Related Articles | Metrics