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27 September 2012, Volume 33 Issue 9 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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The interaction path between R&D institutions of transnational corporationand regional innovation system of China based on enter method Li Xiaodi, Tian Yezhuang, Liu Qiang 2012, 33(9): 1-9.  Abstract ( 2062 )   PDF (1213KB) ( 2946 )   The interaction path maps between R&D institutions of transnational corporations and Regional Innovation System (RIS) of China are established, and the relevant hypotheses from the perspectives of knowledge flow are put forward. On the basis of it, the enter methods are adopted to carry out empirical analysis on interaction path between R&D institutions of transnational corporations and RIS of China and interaction coefficients are drawn out. The research indicates that (1)technological innovation resources investment capacity and roles of enterprises have the indirect influences on bilateral interactions; (2) regional innovation environment, technological innovation output capacity of enterprises, and learning capacity of regional enterprises are positive related to bilateral interactions, however, regional diffusion capacity and regional technological innovation support capacity have the negative influences on bilateral interactions;(3) the integration degrees between R&D institutions of transnational corporations, regional cultures, law, and regulations have the significant influences on bilateral interactions. The conclusions possess the guiding significance for making the full use of transnational corporations' R&D investment and constructing RIS of China. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The impact of openness on the acquisition of external key resourcesby enterprises with open innovation Chen Jin, Wu Bo 2012, 33(9): 10-21,106.  Abstract ( 2329 )   PDF (1617KB) ( 2753 )   Technological cooperation is an effective means for the acquisition of external key resources by enterprises with open innovation, in which cooperation mode and openness play crucial parts in the cooperation management for external technology acquisition. Based on a survey on 213 equipment manufacturers, inverted U curves of different shapes are obtained to describe the impact of cooperative openness on the acquisition of both new technology and specialized complementary assets, and impact of market openness on the acquisition of new technology. And the market openness has been proved to possess a linear impact on the acquisition of specialized complementary assets. Firms could select the suitable cooperation mode and openness based on their own status with reference to the results. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The impact of technological innovation input on innovation performance basedon the panel data of Chinese high-tech industries Cao Yong, Su Fengjiao 2012, 33(9): 22-31.  Abstract ( 2304 )   PDF (982KB) ( 2684 )   The relationships between Technological Innovation Input (TII) and innovation performance are explored with the panel data collected from Chinese high-tech industries during the period of 1995-2008, the Pearson’s correlation analysis, modified function model of Griliches-Jaffe knowledge production, and multiple stepwise regression analysis method are used as the analysis methodology. The relationships among the entire high-tech industry and its subordinate five typical industries are compared and analyzed. The results indicate that firstly, there are different relationships between the entire high-tech industry and subordinate industries as well as among subordinate industries; secondly, even with the same factor of TII, there are different effects on initial and final innovation performance in different subordinate industry; thirdly, both R&D input and non R&D input have a positive impact on innovation performance, and the high input is not always brings high performance in different industries. Finally, some policy suggestions and managerial implications are provided on how to improve the innovation performance of Chinese high-tech industry. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Network strength and the management innovation of enterprises:The impact of social capital Xie Hongming, Chen Ying, Cheng Cong 2012, 33(9): 32-39.  Abstract ( 2234 )   PDF (908KB) ( 3338 )   The previous researches have not combined network strength with social capital to analyze enterprises’ management innovation, and have not considered the effect of enterprise size and R&D investment on these variables. Therefore enterprise size and R&D investment are taken into account as control variables, the relationship among social capital, network strength, and enterprises’ management innovation is researched, a conceptual model is proposed, and by taking the high-tech and private-tech enterprises in Guangdong Province, China as samples, the model is tested. The results show that (1) social capital plays a full intermediate role between network strength and enterprises’ management innovation; (2) network strength and social capital no longer have a significant influence on management innovation in small-scale enterprises. The results replenish the shortage of related research, and provide the guidance for enterprises to promote the management innovation in China. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Technology characteristics vs. technology acquisition modes:An empirical analysis on small and medium-sized private firms in China Tang Jianying 2012, 33(9): 40-46.  Abstract ( 2026 )   PDF (833KB) ( 2829 )   The studies related to the technology acquisitions of private enterprises are reviewed; and the influence of variables, such as R&D costs, uncertainty, distance, and lifecycle of technology, have on the acquisition approaches adopted is analyzed. An empirical analysis based on questionnaire data collected from 245 small and medium-sized private enterprises in China is conducted. The results indicate that when technology uncertainty is relatively high, or technology is in the intermediate stage of its lifecycle, enterprises tend to employ internal R&D. When R&D costs or uncertainty are relatively high, or technology distance is moderate, enterprises tend to pursue cooperative R&D. When technology R&D and uncertainty are relatively low and the technology distance is large, or the technology is in the late stage of its lifecycle, enterprises tend to have external purchase. In addition, there is a converse U-shape correlation between technology distance and cooperative R&D and between technology life cycle and internal R&D of enterprises. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Technology spillover, R&D investment, and the effect of social welfare Sun Xiaohua, Zheng Hui 2012, 33(9): 47-53.  Abstract ( 2379 )   PDF (1090KB) ( 2875 )   Based on the AJ model, the three-stage Cournot game model considering horizontal and vertical technology spillovers is built. From the equilibrium solution by using reverse induction, the effects of technology spillover on firm R&D investment and social welfare are investigated with different cooperate R&D modes. It is found that except non-cooperation case, firm R&D investments always increase with the vertical spillover increasing. Under the conditions of mixed cooperation and horizontal cooperation, R&D investment and social welfare increase with horizontal spillover, however the effect of vertical spillover on social welfare is uncertain. Under the conditions of vertical cooperation and non-cooperation, the effect of vertical spillover on R&D investment and social welfare is uncertain, meanwhile social welfare always increases with the vertical spillover. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The impact of knowledge spillovers on Chinese provincial knowledge production Zhao Shukuan, Hu Caimei 2012, 33(9): 54-62.  Abstract ( 2321 )   PDF (1264KB) ( 2347 )   Through exploratory spatial data analysis, the spatial agglomeration characteristics of outputs and inputs of Chinese provincial knowledge production are found. Considering spatial spillover effects of outputs and inputs, a modified knowledge production spatial panel data model is established. By means of LM test and Wald test, it is found that spatial Durbin model is the best model for describing the activities of provincial knowledge production. The empirical research discoveries that knowledge outputs have significant positive spillover effects; R&D active people have significant negative spillover effects; R&D expenditure and FDI have positive spillover effects, however, are not very significant. Based on the results, the suggestions for improving the efficiency of provincial knowledge production are put forwards. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The structure of knowledge exchange network in R&D teams Lin Min, Li Nan, Wu Guisheng 2012, 33(9): 63-70.  Abstract ( 2248 )   PDF (945KB) ( 2979 )   Based on the empirical research on the knowledge exchange activities in three product R&D teams within a company belonging to China Aviation Group, the informality and the preference for partner selection in knowledge exchange activities of R&D teams are analyzed from the perspective of social relationship. Moreover, the preferences for partner selection are summarized into four categories with relevant research. From the structural analysis on research network and the R&D exchange network of Imperial Chemical Industries, UK, the small-world characteristics of knowledge exchange network as well as the difference in communication behavior between foreign and domestic R&D members are found. Research results could provide a theoretical and practical basis for applying small-world theory to the study of knowledge exchange. It might give references for the study on the knowledge exchange micro-process in R&D teams as well as knowledge management practice in enterprises. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The evaluation method of civil cities based on DEMATEL and Choquet integral Zhang Ling, Zhou Dequn, Gao Yan, Zhou Peng 2012, 33(9): 71-77.  Abstract ( 2353 )   PDF (1009KB) ( 3137 )   Civil city’s evaluation is the most important step for establishing harmonious society and achieving sustainable development. A hybrid approach based on Decision Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL) and Choquet integral is proposed in order to evaluate the civil level of provincial and vice-provincial cities. Firstly, DEMATEL is used to simplify the civil city’s evaluation index system after it is used to analyze the influential relationships among the indexes. And then, considering the interactions among the indexes, λ fuzzy measure is used to weight the subset of the indexes. Finally, Choquet integral is introduced to synthesize the evaluation values for the cities. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The relationship between organizational redundancy and firm performance—A modificatory role of governance institution Chen Xiaohong, Wang Siying 2012, 33(9): 78-86.  Abstract ( 2129 )   PDF (851KB) ( 2726 )   Through the empirical study on Chinese manufacturing companies, the relationship between organizational redundancy and firm performance is explored, and the moderating role of governance institution on it is verified. Conclusion shows that the inverse U-shaped curves is able to describe the relationship, and some redundant resources, which are good for enterprises copying with the external circumstance pressures, would help improving firm performance, however too much redundant resources would finally lead to excessive costs and damage the performance. Meanwhile, with the improvements of micro institutions-corporate governance, management level, and management efficiency, the organizational redundancy would have less influence on the firm performance. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The impact of strategy flexibility on firm performance by using organizationalambidexterity as a meditative variable Li Hua 2012, 33(9): 87-94.  Abstract ( 2301 )   PDF (881KB) ( 2692 )   The effect of strategy flexibility on firm performance and the mediating role of organizational ambidexterity are explored. The model of strategy flexibility- organizational ambidexterity- firm performance is built, and 231 enterprises in Guangdong Province, China are surveyed. The result indicates that (1) the strategy flexibility promotes the organizational ambidexterity and firm performance; (2) the organizational ambidexterity plays a partial mediated role in the relationship between resource flexibility and firm performance; (3) the organizational ambidexterity plays a complete mediated role in the relationship between coordination flexibility and firm performance. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The comparisons of lot sizes and costs based on thedifferent bodies responsible for supply-hub operations Gui Huaming, Ma Shihua 2012, 33(9): 95-106.  Abstract ( 2245 )   PDF (1193KB) ( 2468 )   The supply pattern based on supply-hub under the Just-In-Time (JIT) environment is considered, and the average cost function of manufacturer, supply-hub, and supplier is established. Moreover, the production and order lot-size models of the supply-hub operation and cost, which manufacturer and supplier are responsible for, respectively, are proposed. The results show that under the condition that supply-hub is appropriate,it is more favorable to the supplier than to the manufacturer when the supplier is responsible for supply-hub operation and cost comparing with the manufacturer is responsible for, but the total cost of the supply chain is reduced. It is able to reduce the costs of the manufacturer and the supplier on certain level through negotiations and interest transfer, therefore entire supply chain is achieved Pareto optimization; Moreover, with the distance between the supplier and supply-hub is the further, it is more favorable to the supply chain when the supplier is responsible for supply-hub operation and cost rather than the manufacturer is responsible for that. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The effect of network characteristics and knowledge tacitness on inter-enterpriseknowledge transfer based on the modificatory effect of network characteristics Zhu Yali, Sun Yuan, Di Ruibo 2012, 33(9): 107-115.  Abstract ( 2495 )   PDF (835KB) ( 3060 )   From the viewpoint of enterprise, with the negative impact of knowledge tacitness on the effect of knowledge transfer, the modificatory effect of connection strength, network density, network range, and centrality of both receiving enterprise and source enterprise is discussed. Empirical analysis shows that only the network range and network centrality of source enterprise has a significant modificatory effect, while the modificatory effect of connection strength, network density, and network range of receiving enterprise has not been found. This conclusion implies that during the transfer of knowledge with relatively high degree of tacit, it is more important to gain an active coordination from source enterprise than the effort from receiving enterprise. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The evolution of core competence for Neusoft Corporation in the upgrading process of value chain Xu Hui, Guo Jing 2012, 33(9): 116-122.  Abstract ( 2110 )   PDF (987KB) ( 2718 )   Taking Neusoft Corporation as an example to conduct longitudinal study, the entire process of upgrading from value chain to value network and core competence relevant to every stage are explored, and a dynamic interaction model of the upgrading process and evolution of core competence is constructed. The results indicate that the upgrade includes three patterns, that is, software outsourcing, solution provider, and cross-organization cooperation. During the process, the core competences dynamically evolve and change from inside-resource integration to outside-resource integration. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The effect of organizational culture types on employee innovational behavior Yang Jingzhao, Yang Dongtao, Sun Qianjing 2012, 33(9): 123-129,153.  Abstract ( 3076 )   PDF (1443KB) ( 3182 )   The implementation of employee creativity needs the environmental support and individual effort. Therefore the relationship between organization culture and employee creativity will be explored based on the theory of planning behavior. Four types of organization culture, that is, high-agglomerative organization culture, market-oriented organization culture, golden mean organization culture, and hierarchy organization culture are described by means of two dimensions, namely, internal integration and external adaptation. On this basis, employee creative self-efficacy is used as a mediate variable to analyze and discuss the influence of different types of organization cultures having on employee innovational behavior. Total 497 sets of valid questionnaires are collected to verify the assumption using regressive analysis and variance analysis. The results show that not only organization culture has a positive influence on employee innovational behavior, but also different culture types have the different effect on it, and the mediative effect of employee creative self-efficacy is supported by the study. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Status quo, problems, and countermeasures of Chinese high-level talents policy Zheng Dailiang, Zhong Shuhua 2012, 33(9): 130-137.  Abstract ( 2606 )   PDF (1190KB) ( 3259 )   At present,the policy for the high-level talents in China is characterized by weak awareness of law,bureaucratic incentive, project fragmentization, ignoring the importance of enterprises, and focusing on talent external introduction and ignoring internal training. In order to change the current status, the following steps have to be taken:Creating a knowledge-oriented environment for the talents who are able to do their best; establishing a sound and healthy system for the talents with Chinese characteristics based on the reform and perfection of the current legal system for talent policy; implementing the strategy for strengthening the country through talents; initiating the transformation of talent strategy from external introduction of talents to internal training; innovating the evaluation mechanism of policy; improving the index system of talent policy evaluation; adjusting the talent systems according to the international standard; and strengthening the enterprise-oriented talent policy. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The positioning of administrative enforcement system for intellectual property right in China Xiao Youdan 2012, 33(9): 138-145.  Abstract ( 2070 )   PDF (834KB) ( 2887 )   Intellectual Property Right (IPR) administrative enforcement has been increasingly enhanced with the continuous propulsion of National Intellectual Property Strategy, although people have questioned its system for quite long time. How to understand the fundamental characters of IPR enforcement, and how to analyze the IPR enforcement system in China have become theoretical and practical issues which must be urgently solved. It is attempted to conduct the analysis on IPR enforcement from the three aspects, that is, basic concepts of IPR enforcement, international comparison, and Chinese characteristics. Also several policy recommendations are provided; the recommendations include the integration of necessary enforcement forces, the coordination enforcement of administrative enforcement and judicial protection, and perfection of execution procedure in order to optimize Chinese IPR enforcement system. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The upgrade path of industry cluster in the perspective of multiple-layer spatial integration Yan Beizhan 2012, 33(9): 146-153.  Abstract ( 1992 )   PDF (1060KB) ( 2553 )   Based on the existing research, the research on cluster upgrade is usually at the angle of simple localization, globalization, or the interaction between two of them. An unique and innovative perspective based on localization, regionalization and globalization of space integrated cluster is adopted, and economic geography, industrial economics, and regional economics are also comprehensively used, the multi-cluster update mechanism based on multiple-layer space integration is revealed and discussed; on the basis of the analysis on cluster localization, regionalization, and globalization means and natural evolution of upgrading space, the multi-level space-based model and upgrade path of both endogenous and exogenous types clusters are extracted, respectively. The results not only expand the research area on the upgrade of the local industry cluster, but also provide a new method for local governments to develop and implement policies related to cluster upgrades. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The comparison between companies and universities for choosing thecollaborative model of industry-university-research institute collaboration Li Meifang, Liu Guoxin, Liu Lu 2012, 33(9): 154-160.  Abstract ( 2326 )   PDF (929KB) ( 2796 )   Based on the questionnaires of Hubei Province, China, an empirical and comparative analysis on the collaborative models of Industry-University-Research institute Collaboration (IURC) has been conducted from two aspects of company and university, and then the investigation results are compared with related research results at home and abroad. A three-grad structure of collaborative models in IURC is put forward and an explanatory framework of collaborative models in China is constructed. The research results indicate that co-research is the prevalent model for IURC, and other models, such as talents exchange and consultation, cooperative biding for government projects, constructing laboratory and research platform together, and contract research, have been employed quite often; however technology transfer and setting up new companies take a second place. Finally, some conclusions and revelations are formed as follows: (1) the usage frequency of collaborative models of IURC in China has a distinct gradient gradation. (2) Using technology transfer rate for the main evaluation index becomes the hazard of the sound development of IURC. (3) The focus of IURC should be turned from technology transferring to upgrading technology innovation capability of companies. (4) The model of meetings and conferences is one of cooperative models that are worth studying and probing. References | Related Articles | Metrics