专精特新“小巨人”认定对企业创新的影响研究

刘伟; 张萌; 王心培

doi:10.19571/j.cnki.1000-2995.2025.12.013

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科研管理 ›› 2025, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (12) : 134-143. DOI: 10.19571/j.cnki.1000-2995.2025.12.013 CSTR: 32148.14.kygl.2025.12.013

专精特新“小巨人”认定对企业创新的影响研究

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Research on the impacts of recognition policy of SRDI "Little Giants" on the innovation of enterprises

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摘要

专精特新“小巨人”企业是国家创新驱动发展战略的重要力量，但专精特新“小巨人”企业认定政策对企业创新效应的微观研究尚不够深入。本文以2015—2021年中小板上市公司为研究对象，从创新质量和创新效率角度考察认定政策对企业创新的影响及作用机制。研究发现：专精特新“小巨人”企业认定政策能够显著提升企业的创新质量和创新效率，且对创新质量的提升大于创新效率，表明认定政策主要是帮助企业“提质”。进一步研究发现，认定政策主要通过缓解融资约束、优化人力资本结构以及促进数字化转型三条途径提高企业的创新质量与效率。同时，认定政策的影响效果在第二批入选企业、适用财政补贴支持手段的企业以及处于成熟期和衰退期需要重新焕发生命活力的企业中表现更为显著。本文为专精特新“小巨人”企业认定政策的有效性提供了有力证据，对助力专精特新“小巨人”企业更好发展具有一定参考意义。

Abstract

Specialized，refined，distinctive and innovative "Little Giant" enterprises （SRDI "Little Giants"） are an important force in the national innovation-driven development strategy，but the existing micro-research on the innovation effect of the recognition policy of SRDI "Little Giants" is not deep enough. For this reason，this paper selected the SMEs listed in 2015-2021 and the national SRDI "Little Giants" recognized during this period as the research samples，and adopted the DID method to examine the impact of the recognition policy on the innovation quality and innovation efficiency of enterprises and the influence mechanism. It was found that the policy of recognizing SRDI "Little Giants" can significantly improve the innovation quality and innovation efficiency of enterprises，and this conclusion still holds after a series of robustness tests. It was further found that the recognition policy improves firms' innovation quality and efficiency mainly through alleviating financing constraints，improving human capital acquisition and facilitating digital transformation. At the same time，the effect of the recognition policy on innovation quality and efficiency of SRDI "Little Giants" is more significant in the second batch of selected enterprises，those applying the financial subsidy support means，and those in the maturity and decline periods. This paper has provided intuitive and powerful evidence for the effectiveness of the policy of recognizing SRDI "Little Giants"，which will have important theoretical and practical value for better assisting the cultivation of SRDI "Little Giants".

导出引用

刘伟, 张萌, 王心培. 专精特新“小巨人”认定对企业创新的影响研究[J]. 科研管理. 2025, 46(12): 134-143 https://doi.org/10.19571/j.cnki.1000-2995.2025.12.013

Liu Wei, Zhang Meng, Wang Xinpei. Research on the impacts of recognition policy of SRDI "Little Giants" on the innovation of enterprises[J]. Science Research Management. 2025, 46(12): 134-143 https://doi.org/10.19571/j.cnki.1000-2995.2025.12.013

中图分类号： F270.3；F204

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Technological innovation and employment stability are of great significance to the high-quality development of China's economy, but technological progress inevitably raises concerns about potential employment problems.Using a quasi-natural experiment produced by the SRDI ‘little giants’ enterprises identification policy, this paper takes China's A-share listed companies from 2015 to 2022 as samples, and explores the effects and mechanisms between the policy and enterprise labor employment by difference-in-difference approach. The paper finds that the identification of SRDI ‘little giants’ enterprises significantly promotes the increase of labor employment, especially in private enterprises and in private enterprises, key industries with higher density of ‘little giants’ enterprises, more competitive industries, and areas with low regional innovation level. Further tests show that tax incentives, bank loans and financial constraint are the main mechanisms．Finally，the increase of labor employment also significantly promotes enterprise human capital structure upgrading and boosts enterprise high-quality development. The results of this paper show that the identification and cultivation of SRDI ‘little giants’ enterprises is an effective policy to promote technological progress and achieve employment growth, which is instructive for optimizing the cultivation policy of small and medium-sized enterprises, stabilizing employment and safeguarding people's wellbeing.

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