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中国制造企业数字化转型模式的质性元分析研究
A qualitative meta-analysis study on the digital transformation modes of Chinese manufacturing enterprises
制造企业数字化转型已日益成为学术界和实务界关注的热点,然而由于制造企业数字化转型的复杂性,其转型模式以及实现机理尚处于探索阶段。本文采用质性元分析的方法,拓展并深化了“流程增值-客户增值”双重视角,以53篇研究案例为分析对象,探索中国制造企业不同数字化转型模式的内在机理。研究发现:(1)中国制造企业数字化转型路径包括流程增值和客户增值,企业通过局部数字化、全局数字化与生态数字化的定位和商品主导逻辑与服务主导逻辑的选择开展数字化转型;(2)根据差异化路径组合,制造企业数字化转型模式可分为跃迁型、重构型、渐进型、混合型和颠覆型五种类型;(3)数字化转型模式内在机理可采用“转型情境-行为机制-转型结果”逻辑链予以剖析,不同的市场压力和数字技术压力构成了转型情境,直接影响企业差异化的资源重组机制、制度行动机制、数字创新机制和企业竞争力。本研究拓展了资源编排理论、制度理论和数字创新理论在制造企业不同数字化转型模式中的微观组合机制,对推动制造企业数字化转型的相关理论和实践活动具有启发和指导作用。
The digital transformation of manufacturing enterprises has increasingly become a hot spot for both academics and practitioners. Due to the complexity of transformation, the related mode and realization mechanism are still in the exploration stage. Using the method of qualitative meta-analysis and 53 research cases as objects, this paper expanded and deepened the dual perspectives of "process value-added-customer value-added" and explored the internal mechanisms of different digital transformation modes of Chinese manufacturing enterprises. The results showed that: First, the digital transformation consists of two paths, namely process value-added and customer value-added, which are manifested in the positioning of local digitization, global digitization and ecological digitization as well as the choice between goods-dominant logic and service-dominant logic. Second, according to the combination of differentiated paths, the transformation modes can be divided into such five types as leap-over type, reconfiguration type, incremental type, mixed type and disruptive type. Third, the internal mechanism of digital transformation mode can be analyzed by using the logical chain of "transformation context - behavioral mechanism-transformation result". Different digital transformation modes stem from the differentiated resource reorganization mechanism, institutional action mechanism, digital innovation mechanism and transformation results which result from transformation contexts. This study has innovatively extended the micro-combination mechanism of resource orchestration, institutional, and digital innovation theories within diverse digital transformation modes, with its conclusions being instructive and inspiring for both relevant theories and practical endeavors in the digital transformation of manufacturing enterprises.
manufacturing enterprise / digital transformation / transformation mode / qualitative meta-analysis
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