科研管理

科研管理 ›› 2025, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (12): 162-169.DOI: 10.19571/j.cnki.1000-2995.2025.12.016

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

大客户“兼任”供应商对企业创新效率的影响研究

王靖宇1,魏巍2,陈劲3   

  1. 1.北京物资学院会计学院，北京101149；
    2.北京物资学院商学院，北京101149；
    3.清华大学经济管理学院，北京100084
  • 收稿日期:2024-03-06 修回日期:2025-02-12 接受日期:2025-02-12 出版日期:2025-12-20 发布日期:2025-12-15
  • 通讯作者: 魏巍
  • 基金资助:
    北京市哲学社会科学规划基金重点项目：“北京平台经济健康发展中的劳动关系优化研究”（23JJA005，2023—2026）；北京市教育委员会科研计划项目：“北京产学研创新链驱动供应链韧性提升的模式及机制研究”（SM202410037004，2024—2026）；山东省高等学校青创科技支持计划：“新质生产力背景下山东省产业链‘链长制’创新赋能效果及机制研究”（2024KJL019，2025—2028）；北京物资学院青年科研基金项目：“链主企业数字化转型对供应链韧性的影响研究”（2024XJQN11，2024—2026）。

Research on the impact of key customer-supplier duality on the innovation efficiency of enterprises

Wang Jingyu1, Wei Wei2, Chen Jin3   

  1. 1. School of Accountancy, Beijing Wuzi University, Beijing 101149, China; 
    2. Business School, Beijing Wuzi University, Beijing 101149, China;
    3. School of Economics and Management, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
  • Received:2024-03-06 Revised:2025-02-12 Accepted:2025-02-12 Online:2025-12-20 Published:2025-12-15

摘要：    随着行业集中化趋势和头部企业在供应链中的主导地位强化，供应链管理实践中大客户“兼任”供应商的现象日益普遍，但随着“紫晶存储”事件爆发，大客户“兼任”供应商能否赋能企业高质量发展成为学术界讨论焦点。本文选取2007—2022年A股上市公司为研究对象，运用面板固定效应模型与准自然实验相结合的方法，研究大客户“兼任”供应商对节点企业创新效率的影响，并发现：第一，大客户“兼任”供应商对企业创新效率具有负向影响；第二，其中的作用机制表现为增大企业融资约束和降低供应链效率；第三，当企业自身的吸收能力较强、内部控制有效性较高、对供应链依赖度较低、大客户/供应商是国有企业时，大客户“兼任”供应商对企业创新效率的负面影响能够得到有效缓解。本文将供应商与客户纳入统一研究框架，基于更加完整的视角关注了供应链关系对企业创新的影响，丰富了既有文献，同时为管理实践中加强对大客户“兼任”供应商行为的监管，抑制其中的机会主义行为，赋能企业高质量发展提供了参考。

关键词: 大客户“兼任”供应商, 企业创新效率, 融资约束, 供应链效率

Abstract: With the trend towards industry concentration and strengthening of the dominant position of top enterprises in the supply chain, the phenomenon of key customer-supplier duality in the supply chain management practice is becoming increasingly common. However, with the outbreak of the "Amethystum" incident, whether key customer-supplier duality can empower enterprises to develop with high quality has become a focus of academic discussion. This paper selected A-share listed companies from 2007 to 2022 as the research object, and used a combination of panel fixed effects model and quasi-natural experiments to study the impact of key customer-supplier duality on the innovation efficiency of node enterprises. It was found that: firstly, key customer-supplier duality has a negative impact on the innovation efficiency of enterprises; secondly, the mechanism is manifested as increasing corporate financing constraints and reducing supply chain efficiency; thirdly, when a company has strong absorption capacity, effective internal control, low dependence on the supply chain, and its key customers/suppliers are state-owned enterprises, the negative impact of key customer-supplier duality on the corporate innovation efficiency can be effectively alleviated. This paper has incorporated suppliers and customers into a unified research framework, focusing on the impact of supply chain relationships on enterprise innovation from a more comprehensive perspective and enriched existing literature, and it will provide reference for strengthening the supervision of key customer-supplier duality behavior in management practice, suppressing opportunistic behavior, and empowering high-quality development of enterprises.

Keywords

Key words: key customer-supplier duality, enterprise innovation efficiency, financing constraint, supply chain efficiency