科研管理

科研管理 ›› 2025, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (6): 187-197.DOI: 10.19571/j.cnki.1000-2995.2025.06.019

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

环境保护税法影响企业绿色创新的机制研究

刘振1，刘博2，尚智沛1   

  1. 1.郑州航空工业管理学院商学院，河南 郑州450046；
    2.南昌大学公共政策与管理学院，江西 南昌330031
  • 收稿日期:2023-07-09 修回日期:2024-12-12 出版日期:2025-06-20 发布日期:2025-06-06
  • 通讯作者: 刘博
  • 基金资助:
    国家社科基金后期资助一般项目：“‘一带一路’倡议、创新资源优化配置与企业高质量发展研究”（21FGLB026,2021.12—2024.12）；河南省软科学项目：“数字化转型赋能企业技术创新的治理机制研究”（232400412035,2023.06—2026.06）。

Research on the influence mechanism of Environmental Protection Tax Law on the green innovation of enterprises

Liu Zhen1, Liu Bo2, Shang Zhipei1   

  1. 1. School of Business, Zhengzhou Institute of Aeronautical Industry Management, Zhengzhou 450046, Henan, China; 
    2. School of Public Policy and Management, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, Jiangxi, China
  • Received:2023-07-09 Revised:2024-12-12 Online:2025-06-20 Published:2025-06-06

摘要： 在经济转型制度背景下，如何提升《中华人民共和国环境保护税法》的实施效果，是当前亟待解决的重大现实问题。本文以环境保护税法的实施为准自然实验，以2007—2022年中国A股上市公司的数据，运用双重差分（DID）方法，考察了环保税法影响企业绿色创新的作用机制。研究发现：（1）环保税法的压力和激励机制对企业绿色创新具有直接的促进作用。（2）环保税法的压力和激励机制，及其信息披露和信号传递机制通过缓解企业融资约束对企业绿色创新具有间接的促进作用。（3）企业寻租行为对环保税法的压力效应和激励效应具有抑制作用，导致企业创新动力不足和资源错配，进而抑制了环保税法对企业绿色创新的促进作用。（4）相较于资源受限、创新能力较弱的衰退期企业，环保税法对绿色创新的促进作用在初创期、成长期、成熟期和动荡期企业更为显著。这些结果不仅深化了环保税法影响企业绿色创新的作用机制，丰富了寻租理论在中国经济转型情境下的经验证据，而且对提升环保税法的实施效果、遏制企业寻租行为和促进企业绿色创新等具有重要的启示意义。

关键词: 环境保护税法, 绿色创新, 融资约束, 寻租行为, 双重差分

Abstract: Under the institutional background of economic transition, how to improve the implementation effect of the Environmental Protection Tax Law is a pressing issue. Based on the panel data of China′s A-share listed companies, this paper used the implementation of the Environmental Protection Tax Law as a quasi-natural experiment and employed the difference-in-differences (DID) method to examine the mechanism of the Environmental Protection Tax Law in promoting enterprise green innovation. The study found that: (1) The Environmental Protection Tax Law promotes corporate green innovation through the pressure mechanism of environmental tax burdens and the incentive mechanism of tax benefits. (2) The pressure and incentive mechanisms of the Environmental Protection Tax Law, as well as the information disclosure and signal transmission mechanisms can effectively help enterprises alleviate financing constraints, indirectly promoting corporate green innovation. (3) Corporate rent-seeking behavior weakens the pressure and incentive effects of the Environmental Protection Tax Law, leading to insufficient innovation motivation and resource misallocation, thereby inhibiting the promotion effect of the Environmental Protection Tax Law on corporate green innovation. (4) Compared with enterprises in the decline stage with resource-constrained and weak innovation ability, the promotion effect of the Environmental Protection Tax Law on green innovation is more significant in the initial stage, growth stage, maturity stage and turbulent stage. These results have not only deepened the understanding of the mechanisms through which the Environmental Protection Tax Law affects corporate green innovation and enrich the empirical evidence of rent-seeking theory in the context of China′s economic transition, but also offered important insights for enhancing the implementation effect of the Environmental Protection Tax Law, curbing corporate rentseeking behavior, and promoting corporate green innovation.

Key words: Environmental Protection Tax Law, green innovation, financial constraint, rent-seeking behavior, difference-in-differences (DID)