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27 June 2012, Volume 33 Issue 6 Previous Issue    Next Issue
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Research on the Knowledge Sharing Mechanism of Enterprise Distributed Innovation Chen Jin, Jin Xin, Zhang Qi 2012, (6): 1-7.  Abstract ( 2249 )   PDF (1289KB) ( 3092 )   Distributed innovation(DI) has emerged as a new innovation model for firms to deal with challenges of economic globalization and knowledge economy. The black box of DI for Chinese firms to integrate global resources in innovation internationalization is urgent to be opened. Based on the literature review of DI at home and abroad, this paper dispels DI into three elements as distributed structure, distributed perceive and distributed collaboration, and constructs the theoretical model with relative hypothesis to depict the relationship between DI elements, knowledge sharing and innovation performance. Then this paper conducts a large sample survey to test the hypothesis, proving that three DI elements affects enterprise innovation performance through three knowledge sharing mechanisms.Based on the above analysis the paper puts forward managerial suggestions for our firms to implement distributed innovation practice. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The innovative performance of knowledge workers based on the multi-level analysis—Taking the effects of both individual level and organizational level into account Wan Qing, Chen Wanming, Hu Enhua 2012, (6): 8-15.  Abstract ( 2088 )   PDF (966KB) ( 3235 )   On the basis of innovation management theory, a conceptual model of knowledge workers’ innovative performance is proposed. This model contains both individual level and organizational level. At the individual level, the model describes the positive relationship between innovative intention and innovative performance, and reveals the regulatory effect of knowledge absorptive capacity and the intermediary effect of knowledge diffusion paths. At the organizational level, the model focuses on the interpretation of the regulatory effects of innovative atmosphere. Then, upon the survey data, the methods of multiple linear regression and Hierarchical Linear Analysis (HLA) are employed to verify the hypotheses based on conceptual model. The research also indicates that in the different stages of absorptive capacity, the promotive effects on the innovative performance through knowledge diffusion paths are various. Therefore, the choices of the knowledge diffusion paths should be matched with the workers’ knowledge absorptive capacity. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Capability evolution and development of S&T start-up enterprises:A case study of Guangyang Corporation Liu Li, Wang Bo, Pan Xiongfeng 2012, (6): 16-23.  Abstract ( 2030 )   PDF (1239KB) ( 2719 )   Through the case study involving the development history of Guangyang Corporation, the technology capability growth and the organization capability evolution of S&T start-up enterprises are explored against the background of discontinuous technology change. It is found that the formation of dynamic capability with innovation development as its goal is a complexed process; success of start-up and the foresight of entrepreneurs are not enough to support the sustainable growth of enterprise. The innovation leading strategy, discovery mechanism of innovation source, and the co-evolution of organization capability composing of technology capability are the effective paths to achieve high performance growth for S&T start-up enterprises. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Fiscal supporting policies for innovative projects in the early stages Xiong Weiqin, Ding Qian 2012, (6): 24-30.  Abstract ( 2002 )   PDF (1141KB) ( 2752 )   The fiscal financing policies for innovative projects in the early stages are studied under the framework of incentive theory. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) In order to attract venture capital’s entry, the entrepreneurs must invest enough private capital to guarantee their efforts input. Thereby, when innovators are constrained by wealth, the financial support from government could encourage more innovation. (2)For the onerous funding policy that public capital asks for a pro rata sharing of project benefits, Pareto is inferior to gratuitous funding policy, while public capital just asks for a fixed payment is neutral in incentives, and has almost same features as gratuitous funding policy. Based on these findings, an interpretation that venture capitalists have the stage preference when they are choosing investment projects is given. Furthermore, the contradictory nature of business angel is pointed out and it is proved that the role of public capital for supporting innovative projects in the early stages is irreplaceable. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The impact of organizational political skill and organizational trust on tacit knowledge sharing Zhang Shengtai, Liang Juan 2012, (6): 31-39.  Abstract ( 2322 )   PDF (983KB) ( 3062 )   The impact of organizational political skill and organizational trust on tacit knowledge sharing is examined. Based on a survey of 264 employees from 18 firms located at Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, the regression analysis model is applied to verify the relationship between these variables. The results indicate that organizational political skill has four dimensions, that is, political sensitivity, interpersonal influence, the force of relationship development, the force of coordination; and these four dimensions of organizational political skill are positively related to organizational trust and tacit knowledge sharing. Finally, the implications and limitation of the study and the suggestions for future research are also discussed. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Knowledge transfer under international service outsourcing—An analysis on software outsourcing practice Huang Yejing 2012, (6): 40-47.  Abstract ( 2210 )   PDF (1040KB) ( 2743 )   With the current outsourcing market, outsourcing projects suppliers from emerging economies, such as India, act very actively; the knowledge intensity and management complexity of outsourcing projects is continuously enhanced, and the fact evokes a theoretical thinking on how service outsourcing effects technology development of outsourcing suppliers. Using the theory of knowledge management under the international production and analysis perspective of value chain, and software outsourcing is taken as the analytic object, first a decomposition of software value chain is made, and then knowledge nature and determinants of knowledge transfer are demonstrated. It is first pointed out that while the outsourcing businesses of outsourcing suppliers grows along with the value chain of software development from low end to high end, the tacit knowledge degree of value chain link covered by outsourcing activity is gradually increasing. Second, the evolvements of MNC strategy and absorption capacity construction are composed of two determinants of technology transfer. The method of knowledge management is transferred from simply codified knowledge requirements to the combination of codified knowledge and personalized communication. The absorption capacity of outsourcing suppliers as another determinant of knowledge transfer is built on organizational transformation oriented by outsourcing target and self technology effort plays an important role for effectively promoting the transformation of knowledge transfer. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The method of R&D alliance partner combination selection based on resources viewpoint Wang Xueyuan, Wang Hongqi 2012, (6): 48-55.  Abstract ( 2106 )   PDF (1091KB) ( 2868 )   In the era of knowledge economy, constructing R&D alliance has become a strategic approach for enterprise to innovate and develop. Partner selection, as the first link of alliance establishment, has a great impact on effective alliance operation. Currently, the relevant research mainly focuses on alliance single partner selection which hardly meets the demand for multi-partner selection. Therefore, innovative resources characteristics of R&D alliance are determined according to alliance types and targets, and then an index system for R&D alliance partner selection is constructed; meanwhile, the method to confirm innovation resources attribute weight is designed and supply and demand weigh is confirmed. Based on comprehensive consideration of partner self-competence, conflicts as well as contradictions among different partners, and innovation resources complementary condition, a scientific and reasonable process and method for partner combination selection is brought forward. By simulation and calculation, the advancement and applicability of the method that solves the problem of R&D alliance complex project partner selection is validated. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The effect of control mechanisms on co-innovation in marketing channels Wang Guocai, Liu Dong 2012, (6): 56-66.  Abstract ( 2070 )   PDF (995KB) ( 2857 )   Drawing on the transaction cost economics and relational exchange theory, the impacts of formal contract and personal relationship on the boundary spanner’s relationship learning and co-innovation are studied by gaining data from 308 small high-tech manufactures in China. A model in which formal contract and personal relationship have a positive influence not only on the boundary spanner’s relationship learning, but also on the co-innovational performance is proposed. What’s more, boundary spanner’s relationship learning plays the function of partial mediation in the influential process that formal contract and personal relationship have on co-innovation. In addition, it is found that formal contract and personal relationship together have bigger impact on co-innovation than they act separately. Moreover, the optimal performance will appear when the high (low) degree of form contract combines with the low (high) degree of personal relationship. In the end, the managerial suggestions are provided. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The effects of environmental regulations on enterprise green technology innovation Xu Shichun, He Zhengxia 2012, (6): 67-74.  Abstract ( 3126 )   PDF (1374KB) ( 2854 )   Based on the analysis of the effects of emission tax, auction emission permit, and tradable emission permit on enterprise green technology innovation, following conclusions are obtained: The major influential factors of enterprise abatement are green technology innovation ability and the rigorousness of environmental regulations. The major influential factors of enterprise violations are the rigorousness of environmental regulations and government monitoring force, and have nothing to do with the enterprise green technology innovation ability. Through the comparative analysis on different environmental regulations, it is found that both emission tax rate and emission permit price are positive related with incentives to enterprise green technology innovation; From the perspective of the incentives, both emission tax and auction emission permit will have the same policy effects, while tradable emission permit will have the weakest policy effects on enterprise green technology innovation, if the government does not control the quantity of tradable emission permit. These three environmental regulations will have the same policy effects on enterprise green technology innovation if the government effectively controls the quantity of tradable emission permit. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Economy globalization and China’s comparative advantage of independent R&D Zhang Shaohua, Zhang Shaojun 2012, (6): 75-82.  Abstract ( 2203 )   PDF (871KB) ( 2829 )   Against the background of integrated global economy, the important subject whether or not economy globalization uplifts China’s comparative advantage of independent R&D is studied. The means of economy globalization is described. The index of comparative advantage of independent R&D reflecting path selection is constructed by using the panel data of 33 industries during the period of 1998-2008 and principal components analysis. Based these indexes, the effect of economy globalization on the path selection of technical progress in China in term of international product, trade, and investment is explored. The major findings are as follows: Integrated trade and disintegration of production have a significant impact on endogenous road of technical progress; the impact of integrated investment on independent R&D is insignificant. The impact of trinity based on product, trade, and investment on economy globalization is significant positive. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The competitive advantage and acceleration trap of patents:Based on the relationship between patents and earnings of Chinese listed companies Xu Xin, Tang Qingquan 2012, (6): 83-91.  Abstract ( 2115 )   PDF (967KB) ( 3397 )   On the basis of the patents quantities of Chinese listed companies and industry distribution of patents, a relationship between patents and earnings is empirically analyzed to test the two theories of patent competitive advantage and acceleration trap. It is found that the number of patents of listed companies have a rapid growth after 2000. However, patents distribute unevenly in every industry, they mainly concentrate on a few industry. The fact indicates that the technology innovation ability of Chinese companies has an unbalance developed. Overall, there is a positive and significant relationship between patents and earnings. That means the theory of patent competitive advantage generally holds in China. But there are some phenomena of acceleration trap in some industries. The rapid growth of patents in these industries does not create the value for the enterprises. The incremental patents and patents stock have different effects on earnings. The incremental patents have positive and significant effects on earnings. However for the patents stock, it is not the case. Therefore, there is an economic limitation of patents in China. The conclusion provides the new perspective and evidence for patents value. Some valuable suggestions and decision-making basis for enterprise independent innovation and the development of the patent system are put forward. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The network of Chinese university patents cited by industrial patents:Taking Tsinghua University as an example Ma Yanyan, Liu Fengchao, Sun Yutao 2012, (6): 92-99.  Abstract ( 2462 )   PDF (1042KB) ( 3376 )   Patent citation is an important mechanism for technology or knowledge spillover. The introduction of network topology analysis is conduced to understand the structure of patent citation network and reveal the rules of technology or knowledge flow in the patent citation process. The relevant data were retrieved in the USPTO. These data were used to build the citation network of Tsinghua University patents cited by Chinese and foreign industrial patents. Social network analysis was used to measure the characteristic path length, clustering coefficient, and network centrality of patent citation network. The characteristic path length of patent citation network is short. The clustering coefficient of patent citation network is high. There is a significant small-world phenomenon in the citation network of Tsinghua University patents cited by industrial patents. The centrality distributions of patent citation network show that a few key patents have more connections than the others. The network centrality meets power-law distribution. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Comparison on nano-patent of both sides of the Taiwan Strait andtheir industry development strategy Gao Jiping, Ding Kun 2012, (6): 100-109.  Abstract ( 2141 )   PDF (1100KB) ( 2507 )   First, the nano-patent of both sides of the Taiwan Strait is retrieved with subject term search in Derwent Innovation Index (DII), and then a comparison from the distribution of time, assignee, class code, and subject category is made. After that, through Derwent manual code co-occurrence analysis on the time zone, the special emphasis of Taiwan and Mainland China is distinguished with the indicators of manual codes’ frequency and centrality. Furthermore, in the perspective of technology evolution, the development divergence is described and the lately research front of both sides of the Taiwan Strait is revealed by empirical research, in which Taiwan’s focus is touch screen (t04-f02a2) and Mainland China’s concern is oxyethylene co-polymers (a05-h03). At last, four countermeasures are indicated from the standpoint of long term collaboration. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The variation effect of patent system based on invention patents Zhang Gupeng, Chen Xiangdong 2012, (6): 110-119.  Abstract ( 2105 )   PDF (1269KB) ( 3014 )   By using Chinese invention patents, the impact of twice patent system variations in the years of 1993 and 2001, respectively on the behaviors of patentee is investigated. The patents selected as the research subjects are only two years before and after the patent system variation, therefore other environmental variables remain constant. Three variables are used to describe the characteristics of patentee’s behavior and their trust on patent system, namely, patent grant, provisional life, and active life. The method of Log-rank test and treatment effect is adopted for investigating the patentee’s behavior differences before and after patent system variation. The result shows that patent grant rate is raised and provisional life is extended after twice patent system variations, it is indicated that patentee’s trust on patent system increases. However, patent’s active life is not extended; it means that the protection provided by patent system still insufficient for patentees, and patentees still distrust the patent system. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Intellectual property right protection, international technology spillover, and economic growth Kong Weijie, Su Weihua 2012, (6): 120-127.  Abstract ( 2231 )   PDF (885KB) ( 2972 )   The Malmquist productivity index is employed to explore the relationship between the protection strength of regional intellectual property rights and international technology spillovers. Based on the empirical investigation on provincial panel data during the period of 1995-2007, the following conclusions are come to: First, the domestic R&D inputs and human capitals are the major impetus of Chinese economic growth, human capital is the major factor that pushes the fast growth in the eastern part of China, R&D inputs is especially important for the development in the middle and western regions of China. Second, the protection strength of intellectual property rights has significantly promoted the technology spillover of international trade channel in all regions, while it shows a significant regional discrepancy on the technology spillover of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) channel. Specifically, the protection strength of intellectual property rights in the western region of China is of benefit to the technology spillover of FDI channel; while the cases remain uncertain in both middle and eastern regions of China, and negative effects might show in the eastern region of China due to slack law enforcement. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The impact of organizational empowerment on organizationallearning capability and strategic flexibility Chen Guoquan, Wang Xiaohui, Li Qian, Lei Jiasu 2012, (6): 128-136.  Abstract ( 2716 )   PDF (885KB) ( 2996 )   The bottom-up flexibility at organizational level is investigated. Drawing on a sample of 212 Chinese firms, the relationships among organizational empowerment, organizational learning capability, and strategic flexibility is examined. The results demonstrate that organizational empowerment has a positive impact on strategic flexibility; organizational learning capability has a positive impact on strategic flexibility and mediates the relationship between organizational empowerment and strategic flexibility. At last, the theoretical contributions and management implications as well as the research limitations and future research directions are discussed. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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International evaluation of NSFC’s performance by evidence-based design Wu Jiannan, Ma Liang, Zheng Yonghe 2012, (6): 137-145.  Abstract ( 2230 )   PDF (908KB) ( 2748 )   The Natural Science Fund of China (NSFC) has kicked off an international evaluation program since 2008 in order to assess its global funding and management performance establishing in 1986, which is faced with grave challenges. An evidence-based evaluation design approach is proposed to deal with the challenges for designing the overall international evaluation system of NSFC. The essentials of the international evaluation system are identified, appropriate evidences are searched to support them, and the evaluation essential-evidence matrix, which is applied to design the international evaluation system of NSFC, is constructed. The study reveals that the evidence-based evaluation design approach provides the sufficient support for designing the international evaluation system of NSFC, and could be widely used in other science and technology performance evaluation arenas. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Review on team innovation climate Fang Laitan, Shi Kan, Liu Ronghui 2012, (6): 146-153.  Abstract ( 2318 )   PDF (958KB) ( 3017 )   Team innovation climate is one of the important research topics involving team research on the organizational behavior. Team innovation climate is the common social perception of the work environment and climate that has influence on the people of the work team giving free rein to the innovative ability. Based on the relevant review on the studies and development involving basic conception, measurement tool, and influence factors, etc. of team innovation climate, by using the cycle model of (Input-Mediator-Output-Input) IMOI, the basic theory frame for the research on team innovation climate is constructed. The many prospects for the future research, such as the intervention mechanism of team innovation climate, are pointed out. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The performance evaluation index system of housing security of China’s local government—Based on a two-dimensional perspective of objective and benchmarking Gao Yi, Qi Wei, Yi Yong 2012, (6): 154-160.  Abstract ( 2537 )   PDF (859KB) ( 3397 )   Housing security has become a prominent problem in the public governance; however a comprehensive index system to evaluate the performance of local government housing security has not been constructed yet. Based on the basic theory of public sector performance evaluation, a two-dimensional conceptual model of performance evaluation is built, and a performance evaluation index system of housing security for China’local government is designed, which includes two first-class indexes, four second-class indexes, and 18 third-class indexes. The method calculating the overall evaluation value of housing security performance of China’local government has been given. And a case study is made to proof the maneuverability of the index system. As methods and tools, the index system designed is of great importance to promote China’s housing security. References | Related Articles | Metrics