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24 November 2010, Volume 31 Issue 6 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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The outside and inside spillover effects and its regional comparison for independent innovations Liu Hedong,Shi Jianjun 2010, 31(6): 1-6 .  Abstract ( 1744 )   PDF (1769KB) ( 2331 )   Abstract: By collecting the panel data related to the independent innovation of large and medium-sized industrial enterprises in 29 provinces and cities between 2000 and 2006， the sizes of outside technology spillover effects from FDI and inside technology spillover effects from industry-university-research institutlon cooperation on China’s eastern, central, and western areas are compared with, and a theoretical analysis on regional spillover effects of different sizes is conducted. Finally, according to the technology spillover problems of the different regions, the policy recommendations are put forward from the perspective of FDI and industry-university-research institution cooperation to improve technology spillover effects effectively. Related Articles | Metrics

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The technical efficiency and technical progress of China’s regional R&D innovation Bai Junhong1, Jiang Kesheng2, Li Jing2 2010, 31(6): 7-18 .  Abstract ( 1980 )   PDF (1193KB) ( 2295 )   Abstract: Based on the panel data collected from China’s 30 regions during the period of 1998-2006, an empirical analysis on the technical efficiency and technical progress of regional R&D innovation activity is conducted by using the DEA-Malmquist index. The main conclusions are as follows: the technical efficiency of China’s R&D innovation is low, and the main reason is due to the poor pure technical efficiency; technology progress is the main cause for the growth of total factor productivity, however the efficiency improvement is not obvious; a convergence trend is found in the whole nation and in the east, middle, and west regions. The catching-up effect for the backward areas are preliminary appeared. The conclusions provide enlightenments for the construction of innovative country of China. Related Articles | Metrics

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A study on the enterprises performance of technology-motivated acquisition of listed corporations Xu Chaoyang, Huang Jing 2010, 31(6): 19-27 .  Abstract ( 1638 )   PDF (1033KB) ( 2297 )   Abstract: Technology-motivated acquisition is a combination of connotation development with external growth, which becomes the focus of more an more enterprises. Taking 185 M&A events of Chinese listed companies from 2002 to 2004 as an example, the empirical research shows that the acquiring firms’ performance for the technology entering M&A decreased in short-term, however technology upgrading M&A and technology complementary M&A emerge a prominent effect on operational performance of the firms. And the results also show that there is a significant relation among non-tradable shares proportion, ownership concentration, undistributed profit per share, firm size before M&A, and M&A performance. Related Articles | Metrics

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Governance of moral hazard after cooperation innovation about generic technology in an enterprise cluster Zhao Hua, Xian Lijiao, Wei Hongzhu 2010, 31(6): 28-35 .  Abstract ( 1917 )   PDF (1117KB) ( 2987 )   Abstract: With the success of cooperation innovation about generic technology in an enterprise cluster, every enterprise has two options: abiding with a cooperation contract or taking action of moral hazard. The single-session and unlimited multi-session game analysis are used to get the Nash equilibrium of moral hazard behavior after cooperation innovation about generic technology in the enterprise cluster between competitive enterprises or non-competitive enterprises.Then, for the governance of moral hazard after different cooperation innovation about generic technology in the cluster, the most prior punishment contract model is set up to prevent the moral hazard behavior based on the principal-agent theory. And relevant policy recommendations for the cluster agency on both types of cooperation innovation contract without any punishment and with a complete puniishment are provided. Related Articles | Metrics

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Visualization of technological frontier transferring in the digit information communication field of China Yin Lichun1, Yin Fuliang1, Liu Zeyuan2 2010, 31(6): 36-40 .  Abstract ( 1646 )   PDF (1249KB) ( 2349 )   Abstract: The co-citation measure of bibliometrics is employed into a patent analysis to study and show the technological frontier transferring in the digit information communication field of China. Spring embedding algorithm is used to cluster and visualize the patents. The patent maps show that in recent years, the technology hot point is transferring from information encrypt to information distribution and wireless communication. Virtual reality technology, interaction of men and machine, and network technology has been broadly used in this field. The technology frontier tends to become multi-hot points. Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on the co-evolution mechanism of industrial technology based on the technological progress Wang Faming, Mao Jianqi 2010, 31(6): 41-48 .  Abstract ( 1713 )   PDF (1878KB) ( 2596 )   Abstract: Technological innovation is the foundation of industrial system evolution, and the latter is the inevitable result of the former. The promotion of industries is essentially the promotion of technologies. There are three types of technology promotions: intra-chain promotion, inter-chain promotion, and inter chain breakthrough. Intra-chain promotion is raising technology from the lower end to the upper end in the same technology chain, and it is the technological progress brought about by gradual technological innovations; secondly, inter-chain promotion is the ascending technology from one chain to another, and this happens only with fundamental technology innovations; and finally, inter-chain breakthroughs, which are also caused by fundamental technology innovations, are the jumping transitions of technologies from lower chains to higher ones, and they stride over the intermediate technology chain and several stages of technology evolution. Related Articles | Metrics

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The study of R&D investment’s advantages and disadvantages based on the incomplete information and bounded rationality An Shi, Tian Jiyuan 2010, 31(6): 49-56 .  Abstract ( 1600 )   PDF (1143KB) ( 2599 )   Abstract： In the establishment process of asymmetric Cournot game model based on the incomplete information and bounded rationality, a approach for adjusting the competitor’s marginal cost estimation is put forward according to the competitor’s practical outputs, the expressions of production output and marginal profit during the adjustment phase is found out, the restriction terms for reaching equilibrium conditions under the principle of profit maximization in the market are summed up. At last, the threshold value of technology spillover level for distinguishing the first mover advantages or first mover disadvantages is calculated by means of the numerical example. Related Articles | Metrics

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The competence-building effects of transaction-specific investments made by OEM suppliers Zhou Jun1, Xue Qiuzhi2 2010, 31(6): 57-64 .  Abstract ( 1575 )   PDF (1044KB) ( 2222 )   Abstract: Based on survey data from 158 sample enterprises, the mechanisms and effects of transaction-specific investments made by OEM suppliers on their competence-building efforts via their clients are explored. The main conclusions are as follows. Inter-firm cooperation and clients’ opportunism behavior play full-mediation roles between transaction-specific investments made by OEM suppliers and competence-building efforts made by OEM suppliers via their clients. Furthermore, client’s opportunism behavior imposes a direct restriction on the inter-firm cooperation. Theoretical contributions lie in the fact that the related mechanisms are comprehensively explored and research findings in relation to the local OEM suppliers are enriched.   Related Articles | Metrics

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Entrepreneurs’ personal characteristics, social capital, and venture capital Yang Jiandong, Li Qiang, Zeng Yong 2010, 31(6): 65-72 .  Abstract ( 1784 )   PDF (1696KB) ( 2704 )   Abstract: It is very important to inspect entrepreneurs’ personal characteristics and assess their social capital when the venture capital investors make the investment decision. Using 110 high-tech start-ups as a sample, the impacts of the entrepreneur’s personal characteristics and their social capital on the likelihood for getting venture capital are empirially investigated. The results show that the social networks, especially political ties are the vital elements of entrepreneurs’ social capital, and both of them have a positive and significant effect on the likelihood for getting venture capital. However, the level of education and the abroad experience of entrepreneurs have not significant effect on the likelihood, and the more members in an entrepreneurial team, the more unlikely for the start-up to be backed up by the venture capital. Related Articles | Metrics

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Behavior of “patent paradox” and its implication of foreign firms Yue Xianping1,3, Wang Juan2 2010, 31(6): 73-79 .  Abstract ( 1773 )   PDF (1060KB) ( 2376 )   Abstract: With increasing protection of patent rights in the world, in particular, the implement of pro-patent policy in U.S, the behavior of foreign firms comes into the reality. After analysing those characteristics of the behavior of “patent paradox” from the view of mentality, practices, and results, the causes of the behavior of “patent paradox”, such as implementing the pro-patent policy in U.S., raising the R&D efficiency in a firm, the strategic applications of patent value, developing patent portfolio in a firm, are studied. In the end, some canonical countermeasures and suggestions are presented according to the reality of China. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research on the effect and implementation of patent examination cooperation between both sides of Taiwan Strait Wu Lanfen, Yu Xiang, Zhou Ying 2010, 31(6): 80-90 .  Abstract ( 1698 )   PDF (1500KB) ( 2483 )   Abstract: The regional coordination in the patent field has already become one of the main trendsfor strenghening the regional science and technology cooperation and for promoting the economic development in the 21stcentury. Intellectual property right offices from some countries, such as US, Japan, EU, China, and Republic of Korea, reach multi or bilateral cooperation agreements in the patent examination. Patent examination cooperation will play an important role for promoting economic andtechnological development across the Taiwan Strait under the more and more friendly social and political background. Both sides of Taiwan Strait can continually develop thepatent examination cooperation. Related Articles | Metrics

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A comparative study on the value add effect of patents between China and Republic of Korea Zhang Chuanjie1 ， Wei Ping2 2010, 31(6): 91-96 .  Abstract ( 1631 )   PDF (1064KB) ( 2374 )   Abstract: By using the methods of co-integration and Granger causal model of econometrics，the data for both China and Republic of Korea are comparably analyzed. The results show that there is a long-term equilibrium relationship between patents and industry development in the two countries，i.e. patents have a obvious value add effect on the industry development in the both countries. It is also found that the elasticity of value add of patents is little smaller in China comparing with that in Republic of Korea，and the impulse response time on the positive direction becomes slower as well. Related Articles | Metrics

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A study of the impact factors of new product development based on the knowledge management Jian Zhaoquan1, Wu Longzeng2, Dong Guangmao3 2010, 31(6): 97-104 .  Abstract ( 1856 )   PDF (1161KB) ( 2474 )   Abstract: Strengthening cooperation, knowledge integration, and absorptive capacity will all contribute to the new knowledge creation, and thus build the core competences and competitive advantage of the organization. The relationships among absorptive capacity, cooperative competency, knowledge integration, and new product development performance are examined. The sample data of this study is collected from 117 high-tech companies in south China. It is proved that: (1) Absorptive capacity has a distinct direct positive interrelationship with the cooperative competency; (2) Absorptive capacity and cooperative competency have a distinct direct positive impact on the knowledge integration; (3) Knowledge integration has a distinct direct positive impact on the new product development performance; (4) Absorptive capacity and cooperative competency do not have a distinct direct positive impact on the new product development performance. The empirical result is an important reference to understand the role of absorptive capacity, cooperative competency, and knowledge integration in the process of new product development. Related Articles | Metrics

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Knowledge spillover and regional economy growth: A spatial empirical analysis Xu Yingzhi, Zhu Yixi, Sun Jian 2010, 31(6): 105-112 .  Abstract ( 1968 )   PDF (1060KB) ( 2660 )   Abstract: The index-evaluation method is employed to measure regional knowledge stocks; then the knowledgestocks are put into an economic growth model. Considering the geographical distance, knowledge-absorptive capability, and regional circumstances, a dimensional- extended model is construced to make anempirical analysis on China’s provincial knowledge spillover. The main conclusions are as follows: knowledge spills over the regions and accelerates the regional economy growth; human resource threshold theory comes into existence, namely, regional human resource and knowledge-absorptive capability make an impact on the knowledge spillover. Related Articles | Metrics

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On the construction and effective implementation of public sci-tech service platform Wang Ruimin, Zhang Wenjun, Gao Jie 2010, 31(6): 113-117 .  Abstract ( 1815 )   PDF (1129KB) ( 2857 )   Abstract: The situation of public sci-tech service platforms in different provinces of China is analyzed, and the framework of an all-purpose mode on integrated platform construction is creatively put forward by applying the system failure theory based on the problems existed nowadays. Countermeasures for improving operating efficiency of public sci-tech service platform were proposed so as to prevent from interaction failure, infrastructure installation failure, and institution failure, which could help building and runing all levels of public sci-tech service platforms in China. Related Articles | Metrics

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Associated interface in a modular organization: Form, principle, and effectiveness mechanism Hao Bin1, Ren Hao2 2010, 31(6): 118-125 .  Abstract ( 1761 )   PDF (1168KB) ( 2212 )   Abstract: There are not only relationships between mother-modules and sub-modules, but also relationships among different sub-modules in a modular organization. Sub-modules cooperate with each other through business trading, information sharing, knowledge swapping, ability crossing, and platform integration, and based on which, a Brick model is built. To go one step further, four kinds of acting modes between different modules are identified: matching, infiltrating, syncretizing, and parasitism, and four kinds of interface are accordingly formed: dyadic interface, embedding interface, symbiotic interface, and avalanching interface. Also different mechanisms of these interfaces are analyzed, respectively. Under the influence of MISP, the design of effectiveness mechanism in the modular organization relies on building the relationship network in a base layer and creating the relational rent in a core layer. Related Articles | Metrics

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Empirical analysis on the output performance of agricultural research institution and its influencing factors Shen Hongfang, Liao Xiyuan, Hu Huiying 2010, 31(6): 126-135 .  Abstract ( 1909 )   PDF (1717KB) ( 2550 )   Abstract: By taking the papers, S&T awards, patents, and extra-earnings as the indicators of output performance for an agricultural research institution, the distribution characters of them is found. Then the influence factors on the output performance for an agricultural research institution are also analyzed using a multiple regression analysis model. The conclusions on the empirical analysis are as follows: (1) Output performance of agricultural research institution shows the significant accumulation effect; (2) Output performance of agricultural research institution is effected by the scale and structure of S&T input, and technical personnel are the most important S&T resource; (3) Output performance has a close relation with the economic development factors and agricultural resource condition, and the further apart a scientific output indicator is from the agricultural production, the less it is affected by the regional economic environment; (4) Output performance is disconnected from the agriculture production. Finally, some measures and suggestions are also put forward. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research on the introducing mechanism of management innovations based on the perspective of internal promoters Lin Haifen, Su Jingqin 2010, 31(6): 136-143 .  Abstract ( 1700 )   PDF (1056KB) ( 2355 )   Abstract： The lack of the patent protection for management innovations removes the obstacle for enterprises to imitate or introduce them from external environment. Then it becomes a common phenomenon for enterprises to introduce, adjust, and implement existing management practices or methods by combining them with internal resources. During the process for introducing decision making, internal promoters or core managers play key roles. Therefore, from the perspectives of entrepreneurial orientation, social capital, and cognition biases of internal promoters, it is attempted to establish a mechanism model about the introduction level of management innovation and develop hypotheses based on relevant literatures: entrepreneurial orientation enhances innovation willingness which may further stimulate managers to try new management practices; social capital affects introduction level of management innovation by influencing knowledge search effectiveness; cognition biases lead to risk-cognition deviation, and in turn impact on the introduction level of management innovations. Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on the relationship between corporate governance and earnings management Huang Wenban， Li Yanxi 2010, 31(6): 144-150 .  Abstract ( 1852 )   PDF (1006KB) ( 2473 )   Abstract: The influence of corporate governance on earnings management was examined with the data of Chinese listed companies from 2006 to 2008. The result indicated that the proportion of tradable shares, the proportion of independent directors, managerial compensation had a negative relation with the earnings management level. The number of directors, the proportion of unpaid directors, and firm’s size showed a positive relation with the earnings management level. The percentage of share owned by director, the character of supervisory board, the percentage of share owned by managers, whether or not the board chairman holding a concurrent post of general manager didn’t have significant influence on the earings management level. Related Articles | Metrics

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Innovation clusters: Pedigree study and analytical dimensions Ding Kuili, Zhong Shuhua 2010, 31(6): 151-158 .  Abstract ( 1854 )   PDF (1169KB) ( 2886 )   Abstract: A consensus is reached among government decision-makers and scholars on the necessity of breeding innovative clusters in order to build an innovative country of China. However, the origin of the innovative clusters theory, its theoretical sources, and the relationship between them still remain open and virtually unexplored. A pedigree study of innovation clusters theory is provided and the two important analytical dimensions are discussed: geographic space and techno-economics space, with reference to a number of related theories, such as technological change, interactive learning, innovation systems, industrial districts and industrial clusters, and the geography of innovation. These two dimensions are both worthy of in-depth study, and an independent study on either one will cause the misleading. Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis on the generative mechanism of relational risk in the strategic alliances： A case study on Wahaha Chen Feiqiong, Yu Xudan 2010, 31(6): 159-166 .  Abstract ( 1800 )   PDF (2248KB) ( 2759 )   Abstract: Research on the relational risk of strategic alliances started in the 90s last century when two scholars Das & Teng creatively proposed the concept of relational risk and performance risk. Relational risk is concerned with the probability that partner firms lack commitment to the alliance and that their possible opportunistic behavior could undermine the prospects of an alliance. The generative mechanism of relational risk would be clarified on the basis of works done by researchers at home and abroad, that is, the differences between the focus and generative elements of relational risks in different phases of alliance are identified. In the meantime, the performance of Wahaha and its alliance partner Danone are studied in order to give some enlightenment. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research on the port investment optimial decision-making model based on real options Li Hezhong, Chen Shuwen, Kuang Haibo 2010, 31(6): 167-172 .  Abstract ( 1610 )   PDF (1177KB) ( 1983 )   Abstract: Chinese port investment theory and practice is still in the infancy, and are unable to adapt the actual needs of port sustainable development. The managerial flexibility involved in the contingent investment can be described and valued by expansive real options, an integrated value function model for the investment of port expansion is established，which reflects characteristics of the high degree uncertainty of port investment, in pursuit of maximum investment return, and port phased investment. The model is set up to calculate the optimal capacity with numerical techniques when the target investment return index of the port is mainly concerned. Finally, with a practical example, the results show that the model has the significantly practical applications. Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on source indexes and influence of the academic journal evaluation Yu Liping, Pan Yuntao, Wu Yishan 2010, 31(6): 173-179 .  Abstract ( 1735 )   PDF (1447KB) ( 2318 )   Abstract: It’s very important to study source indexes and influence in the academic journal evaluation and to continuously summarize their rules, howerer, the studies involving this area are quite rare. Adopting the medical journals in the institute of scientific and technical information of China, the relationship among ratio between grant-supported papers and total papers, average references per article, average number of authors, distribution of regions, citing half-life, and impact factor is analyzed based on the dot map, regression, and grouped statistics. The results show that the impact factor and source indexes have lower correlations, but their correlation level is different at the different data segment. The relationship among different journals’ source indexes and impact factor has its own characteristic; therefore source indexes should be given up while evaluating academic journal quality. Related Articles | Metrics

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Studies on the intrinsic driving mechanism of performance appraisal system and its effects on job performance Ma Jun1, Wang Yu2 2010, 31(6): 180-190 .  Abstract ( 1711 )   PDF (1312KB) ( 2597 )   Abstract: The internal driving mechanism of performance appraisal and its effectiveness is systematically probed into. EFI and CFI analysis verified the groundbreaking conclusion drawn by Latham, namely, an effective performance appraisal system is built on the basis of formalization, goal orientation, and organization equity which function as three landmarks. Further study shows that there is an inverted U-shaped relationship between regularization and employees’ performance. With the uniqueness of human capital rising, a tight control will decrease the performance, while improvement of perceived fairness will dramatically raise it. With strong uniqueness of human capital, the incentive effect of goal setting exert the significantly positive effect on employees’ performance, whereas with weak uniqueness, it is in a typical S-shaped relationship with performance. It is revealed that the focus of performance appraisal should be shifted from the result of behavior to self-management ability and from the performance management to the deep level management of employees’ values. Related Articles | Metrics

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Impact of industrial agglomeration on the regional innovation and its industrial difference Liu Jun1, Li Lianshui1, Wang Zhong2 2010, 31(6): 191-198 .  Abstract ( 1957 )   PDF (1012KB) ( 2486 )   Abstract: Based on the provincial panel data during 1999-2007, the impact of industrial agglomeration on regional innovation in China is explored. The results indicated that under the condition that scientific and technical personnel and funds as well as institutional innovation are under the control, the industrial agglomeration affects positively on the regional innovation, but at a bit lower degree as compared with the effect derived from the each control element mentioned above. Industry-specific analysis reveals that both high-tech industrial agglomeration and traditional industrial agglomeration promote regional innovation, and this fact can serve as a theoretical support for nurturing characteristic industrial clusters combined with comparative advantages for certain regions. However, majority resource-dependent industrial agglomerations have the negative influence on the regional innovation because of the crowding-out effect caused by the excessive dependence on the resources of human capital and technological innovation input. Related Articles | Metrics