智能化复杂产品系统(ICPS)融合新一代信息技术,推动智能生活与生产的创新,体现了新质生产力的发展。然而,现有研究对构建ICPS开发能力的探讨仍显不足。本研究基于可供性理论视角,通过分析海信和浪潮智慧城市产品的案例,发现:(1)技术-市场双元可供性是驱动龙头企业构建ICPS开发能力的关键动力。(2)构建围绕共同价值主张的互补性管理机制——涵盖话语、组织、规范、资源策略——是将“技术-市场”双元可供性转化为ICPS开发能力的关键路径。(3)龙头企业可以通过“扩散式”或“复制式”两条路径培育ICPS开发能力:在扩散式路径下,以内生技术和集中市场为牵引,聚焦自上而下的价值主张,实施开拓策略;而在复制式路径下,则受援引技术和分散市场的驱动,强调自下而上的价值主张,采取整合策略。研究结论不仅丰富了可供性与ICPS关系的文献,还为企业开发复杂产品系统提供了实践借鉴与启发。

Intelligent Complex Product Systems (ICPS) integrate advanced information technologies to drive innovation in smart living and production, reflecting the development of new forms of productive forces. However, existing research lacks sufficient exploration into how ICPS development capabilities are formed. This study, grounded in the affordance theory, analyzed the cases from Hisense and Inspur's smart city products and revealed that the dual affordances of technology and market serve as the driving force behind leading enterprises' efforts to build ICPS development capabilities. It further demonstrated that establishing complementary management mechanisms centered on shared value propositions—covering discourse, organization, norms, and resource strategies—is crucial for transforming dual technology-market affordances into ICPS development capabilities. Additionally, leading enterprises can cultivate ICPS development capabilities through either a pathway of "diffusion" or "replication": under the diffusion pathway, driven by endogenous technology and concentrated market demands, enterprises focus on top-down value propositions and adopt pioneering strategies; and in contrast, under the replication pathway, guided by exogenous technology and dispersed market demands, the emphasis is on bottom-up value propositions with an integration strategy. The conclusions of this study will not only enrich the literature on the relationship between affordances and ICPS but also provide practical insights and inspiration for businesses developing complex product systems.