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20 November 2018, Volume 39 Issue 11 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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Impact of FDI and R&D on technological innovation capability of Chinese automobile industry:Considerations made with lagged-effect included 2018, 39(11): 1-6.  Abstract ( 291 )   Based on the data of China’s automobile manufacturing industry from 2001 to 2012, according to the idea of the distributed lag (ADL) and the Koyck model, the AIC, SC information criterion is used as the judgment standards for selecting optimal lag order number, to study the impact of FDI and R&D on the technological innovation capability of Chinese automobile industry in the case that the lagged-effect is included in considerations. The results showed that the whole impact of FDI on the technology innovation capability of Chinese automobile industry had an increasing trend over time, that is, the lagged-effect existed and a relatively significant positive impact on innovation competitiveness was mainly reflected, while the impact on the core technology and technological innovation output capacity was always not obvious. R&D had a significant positive impact on the upgrading of technological innovation capability of Chinese automobile industry, which was stronger than FDI and also had a lagged-effect. Chinese automobile industry should actively guides foreign investment to the industrial R&D institutions, to increase the proportion of foreign investment for innovation; and increase R&D investment, focusing on relying on independent innovation to fundamentally enhance the technological innovation capability. Related Articles | Metrics

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A study of the mechanism for new entrants of electric vehicles taking the lead over establishers Li Xianjun, Wang Jinglun, Zhang Bowen, Meng Donghui 2018, 39(11): 7-16.  Abstract ( 319 )   The existing innovation theory about new entrants surpassing establishers is based on the fact that the former adopts new technology and that the research perspective is limited and quantitative research is insufficient, so it is difficult to explain systematically the phenomenon of innovation in which the establishers of electric vehicle conduct research and development but the new entrants lead the innovation. Based on expert interviews and literature research, this paper constructs and verifies the reasons and mechanisms for analyzing the lead of new entrants by using structural equation modeling and explains the aforesaid phenomenon. The study found that the main reasons for new entrants to take the lead are due to their sources of innovation, technological model and business model. The business model is the main reason why new entrants are currently taking the lead; the technological model plays an important role in ensuring new entrants to stay ahead; and the sources of innovation is the key to promote enterprises to optimize their technological model and business model. This research enriches the innovation theory of new entrants and establishers and it has important implications for new entrants and establishers to allocate effectively innovative resources. Related Articles | Metrics

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Socio-economic development evaluation indicators screening model and its application based on significant differences Meng Bin, Kuang Haibo, Luo Jiaqi 2018, 39(11): 17-26.  Abstract ( 215 )   Economic and social development is the focus of the national “13th Five-Year Plan”. It is urgent to establish an evaluation index system that has both a significant reflection of the city's economic and social development but also a clear future economic and social development. Such a system can clear planning goals, set standards and promote urban development. From the perspective of the connotation of economic and social development, this paper chooses the indexes of economic development, social livelihood, scientific and technological progress, resources and environment. According to the principle of maximum information content and redundant information elimination, the paper select the index and construct a significant evaluation index system of economic and social development. The innovation and characteristics of the article: First, according to the principle that the greater the difference between the evaluation object and the indexes information content, the more significant the impact of this index on the evaluation results, this paper constructs the Gini coefficient of the index, and removes the smaller Gini coefficient, that is, information content of small indexes to ensure that the index system after screening has a significant impact on the economic and social development. and it also avoids the shortcomings of the existing evaluation system that the indexes do not distinguish the evaluation results clearly, and extend the application of the Gini coefficient. Second, according to the principle that the greater the value of the Gini coefficient, the higher the ability to identify of the index, the greater the information content to remove the smaller Gini coefficient, that is, information content of small indexes in the two index of partial correlation coefficient greater than 0.8. By this way ,the paper can avoid the shortcoming that of the existing evaluation system that the indexes with high discrimination ability may be mistakenly deleted when eliminate those redundant indexes. Third, the empirical results show that: The index system constructed in this paper covers all aspects of economic and social development, reflecting 98.7% of the original information through 37.1% of the indexes. It not only reflects the coordination with the national planning, but also reflects the Dalian city long-term planning continuity and the country's future hot issues. Related Articles | Metrics

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Relationship, social capital and innovations of small- and micro-enterprises Huang Yuhong, Jie Mengyin 2018, 39(11): 27-39.  Abstract ( 280 )   Based on CMES data, this paper investigates the effect of relationship on the innovation of small and micro enterprises, and explains the mechanism from the perspective of social capital. The empirical results show that the relationship measured by working experience of the most principal owner, the membership of industrial associations, and expenditures for entertaining others due to benefits, promotes innovation vitality and innovation efficiency of small and micro enterprises; secondly, the relationship helps small and micro enterprises to obtain financial support, market support, government support and more policy information to improve innovation vitality and innovation efficiency, which confirms the interpretation of social capital, however, technical support have no significant effect on the innovation. Related Articles | Metrics

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A study of the incentive mechanism of science and technology inducement under the constraint of participating risk Zeng Jingjing, Song Jiaojiao, Li Minglu 2018, 39(11): 40-48.  Abstract ( 201 )   Science and technology inducement prize (STIP) is the non-periodic prize system which collects high-tech achievements in order to solve specific problems. The influence of incentive factors on the participants’ behavior is related to the quality of the reward directly. Especially in different risk constraints, participants will adjust their own behavior. We study the behavior choice of participants under the dual role of risk and incentive factors, that is, the influence of monetary incentives, technical incentives, honor motivation, social capital and social capital on the participants’ behavior. The results show that the participation behavior is positively related to monetary incentives, technical incentive and social motivation. The participation behavior and participation risk negative correlation. Based on this, we should strengthen monetary incentives, and open social financing channels. It’s necessary to develop supporting measures to reduce the risk of participation. Incentive mode should be different based on the type of participants and the project category and so on. Related Articles | Metrics

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Evolution of the balance modes between network nodes and organization learning for latecomers Shou Keyan, Wei Jiang 2018, 39(11): 49-60.  Abstract ( 204 )    It is an important strategic issue for latecomers to better embed in the global value network in the open environment. Through the longitudinal case study of 3 latecomer firms which have transformed to frontiers, this study reveals the evolution of in-house knowledge base, network nodes and organization learning balance modes during the innovation network building of catch-up process. This study reveals that depending on the knowledge base breadth and depth, firms do not merely develop from simple to complex knowledge base as previous study states, while strategically select different knowledge base development path during the technology catch-up process. Secondly, the network nodes allocation will change according to the development of knowledge base. Thirdly, based on the exploitive learning inside, the organization learning balance mode will change from ambidexterity inside to ambidexterity both inside and outside. Related Articles | Metrics

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An empirical research on the relationship between knowledge resources and enterprise innovation Chen Yan, Zhang Hongxia, Wang Qi 2018, 39(11): 61-68.  Abstract ( 231 )   This article mainly investigates the relationship between the knowledge resources and enterprise innovation, analyzes the mediating influence of the entrepreneurial orientation and the moderating effect of the political networking and the competitive intensity in the relationship above. It sets up a theoretical model about knowledge resources, entrepreneurial orientation, political networks, competitive intensity and the enterprise innovation. Based on the sample of 148 firms, we found that: Firstly, knowledge resources has a positive effect on entrepreneurial orientation. Secondly, entrepreneurial orientation has a positive effect on enterprise innovation. Thirdly, entrepreneurial orientation plays a mediating role between knowledge resources and enterprise innovation. Finally, the interaction among knowledge resources, political networking and competitive intensity has a positive influence on entrepreneurial orientation. Related Articles | Metrics

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An empirical research on the impact of customer-enterprise interaction on service innovation and enterprise performance Zhang Keying, Wu Xiaoman, Li Yangdong 2018, 39(11): 69-78.  Abstract ( 220 )   From the viewpoint of service innovation of the modern service industry, this paper analyze the impact mechanism of customers-enterprises interaction on service innovation and business performance in modern service industry, the conceptual model of such impact mechanism was build from the angles of sharing information, contacting customer and cooperative behavior，and corresponding hypothesis was put forward based on 148 valid questionnaires and analyzed with SPSS17.0 the hypothesis. The results show that sharing information, contacting customer and cooperative behavior have significant effect on service innovation and enterprise performance, but the impact of service innovation on enterprise performance were only partially verified. Related Articles | Metrics

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Social capital, knowledge utilization and common collaborative innovation performance Wang Lu, Huang Minxue, Xiao Lu, Zhou Nan 2018, 39(11): 79-87.  Abstract ( 257 )   Previous researches generally regard social capital as an access to external knowledge. The implicit assumption is that social capital brings knowledge inflow to the actor. Due to the mutuality of knowledge sharing, social capital also leads to knowledge outflow to the actor in essence. The existing studies mainly emphasize knowledge inflow side because knowledge sharing in the private-based innovation network is bounded by organization boundaries and various control mechanism which effectively inhibits knowledge outflow. In common-based innovation network context, access to knowledge is free and boundaries between project teams is obscure, leading to prominent outflow of knowledge to the actor. This paper investigates the effect of team level social capital on new product popularity and how to make best use of it in the context of common-based innovation network. The data is collected from Sourceforge.net and a common-based innovation network is constructed by1595 teams and 8186 contributors. Results show degree centrality has an inverted U effect and betweenness centrality has positive effect on new product development popularity; team’s knowledge utilization ability can postpone the negative effect of social capital (degree centrality) and strength the positive effect of social capital (betweenness centrality). Related Articles | Metrics

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Influence of spiritual leadership on employees’ active change behavior Zhang Guanglei，Zhou Jinfan，Zhang Yajun 2018, 39(11): 88-97.  Abstract ( 355 )   The employees' taking change is the constructive action to promote organizational functional change, and is a voluntary and active organizational citizenship behavior. Based on social identity theory, the study explored the influence mechanism of spiritual leadership on employees’ taking charge in the Chinese context. Data were collected from 229 R&D employees and their superiors (58 R&D teams) in 38 small and medium-sized science and technology enterprises. The study found that spiritual leadership can indirectly affect employees’ taking charge through their perceived inside status, and the indirect effect depends on guanxi human resource management practices and their own level of role breadth self-efficacy. And results show that when the guanxi human resource management practices is low and the role breadth self-efficacy level is higher, the indirect effect is significant, and employees are most likely to engage in taking charge. The dual-stage moderated mediation model has been validated. This study not only extends the existing theoretical research, but also provides effective guidance for the organization's management practice. Related Articles | Metrics

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The effect of high-performance work system on both employers and employees under dual perspectives: A Chinese study case Miao Rentao，Zhou Wenxia，Feng Xiliang 2018, 39(11): 98-106.  Abstract ( 260 )   This study investigated the effects of high-performance work system (HPWS) on team innovative performance, job satisfaction and work-life balance satisfaction that included employee perceptions of HPWS as a mediator and leader-member exchange (LMX) as a moderator. Matched data was collected from 124 managers and 603 full-time employees. The results of hierarchical linear modeling revealed that managers’ implemented HPWS was positively related to team innovative performance, job satisfaction and work-life balance satisfaction; employee perceptions of HPWS partially mediated the relationships between managers’ implemented HPWS and job satisfaction and work-life balance satisfaction; and LMX moderated the positive relationship between managers’ implemented HPWS and employee perceptions of HPWS; furthermore, the moderating role of LMX on the relationship between managers’ implemented HPWS and job satisfaction was partially mediated by employee perceptions of HPWS. Related Articles | Metrics

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A research on the dynamics of IP cooperation in collaborative innovation enterprises Guo Ren, Cheng Xiaogang, Li Chaoming 2018, 39(11): 107-115.  Abstract ( 254 )   Collaborative innovation is a new way for innovation with minimum cost using enterprise capital and social capital. In a knowledge era, the outlook and frequency of innovation have changed. Collaborative innovation has become the mainstream for enterprise conducting innovation. Knowledge flow can provide assurance for innovation, so IP cooperation should be carried out between collaborative enterprises. For enterprise, how to make use of IP cooperation for collaborative innovation is an important issue that can ensure the smoothness of innovation. Based on the analysis of IP cooperation influential factors, a dynamic system model based on IP cooperation between collaborative enterprises is established. The cooperation efficiency is evaluated by simulation. Advices are given for improving IP cooperation efficiency in the process of collaborative innovation. Related Articles | Metrics

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Complexity of patents, economic strength of defendants and bearing of patent infringement compensation liability Zhang Junrong 2018, 39(11): 116-121.  Abstract ( 198 )   Due to insufficiency and asymmetry of information, the plaintiff are often unable to prove the economic loss or profit the defendant may get in the patent infringement litigation. Statutory damages is often adopt by the court. From the perspective of behaviorism, this paper makes an empirical study of 198 judgments using multiple regression analysis. It is found that some non statutory facts, such as patent complexity of technology, economic strength of the defendant would influence the judges This is a challenge on legal dogmatic in the field of patent infringement, which reveals the decision process of the judges, and provides beneficial enlightenment on management and decision in patent application and litigation. Related Articles | Metrics

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Determinants of patent citation formation based on the ERG model Yang Guancan, Liu Tong, Chen Liang, Zhang Jing 2018, 39(11): 122-131.  Abstract ( 235 )   In recent years, patent citations have play a very important role in the process of S&T evaluation, and have attached much attentions. However, as the foundation of patent citation research, what’s determinants of patent citation formation are not solved satisfactorily. With embedded study, scholars have formed an amount of research outputs on patent citation network. These outputs reflected that the formation of patent citation was influenced by the structure characteristics of patent citation network, However, the current framework of existing statistical inference methods based on logistical regression was failing to incorporate the above factors. This article uses an ERG (exponential random graph) model approach, which is a tie-focused branch consists of models that aims to explain or predict ties and their patterns. Under the framework of patent citation formation, attribute-based processes, node-level covariates processes, and self-organizing network processes are incorporated into ERG models. The usefulness of ERG models is illustrated by an empirical study on the structure of wind energy patent citation network originated from the PATSTAT database. The results show that the self-organized level determinants have a more important impact in explaining formation of patent citation, especially “transitivity closure”, and probably the influence of attributes-based factors were overestimated. At last, this paper discusses the direction for the next step work. Related Articles | Metrics

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Review of professional virtual community and construction of PVC knowledge creation model Zhao Xin, Zhang Zhiguang, Xiang Xiyao 2018, 39(11): 132-145.  Abstract ( 220 )   Using information technology, professional virtual community brings together geographically dispersed, like-minded people to form a network, in which users can interact with each other, and generate new contents. Professional virtual community, containing a lot of data, information and valuable professional knowledge, has become an emerging knowledge source. It advocates open, reciprocal norm of knowledge sharing, breaking the traditional closed pattern of knowledge management. Thus professional virtual community catches the attention of the enterprise managers and scholars. Reviewing the literature published in international mainstream publications, this article summarizes the research achievements of professional virtual community success model, knowledge seeking, knowledge contribution, and bidirectional usage, and discusses the problems in these studies. Based on the results of literature review mentioned above, this article proposes a knowledge creation model of professional virtual community which divides the knowledge creation process into knowledge contribution, knowledge verification, knowledge seeking and values internalization in sequence. The new model illustrates the law of knowledge creation in professional virtual community through the description of explicit/tacit knowledge transformation, personal/public knowledge transformation, and searchers/contributors transformation. Finally, the article gives specific suggestions for the future research. Related Articles | Metrics

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The relationship between TQM and performance of CPA firms based on SD Chen Kejia, Yan Xiaomei, Yang Shuqin 2018, 39(11): 146-157.  Abstract ( 226 )   The implementation of total quality management (TQM) can promote business performance. According to the standard of China Quality Award, this paper identifies the six elements of Total Quality Management (TQM) in CPA firms. By establishing the system dynamics (SD) model of relationship between TQM and performance of CPA firms, the influences of TQM elements on the firm performance are simulated. The simulation results show that: The simulation results show that: the current TQM level of CPA firm is positively related to its performance; the implementation effect of TQM is lagging behind and the promotion effect on performance is not obvious in the short term; among the six elements of TQM, "leadership", "strategic planning", "information analysis" and "human resource management" have more significant impacts on a CPA firm performance. Related Articles | Metrics

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Governor’s turnover, bank credit and R&D investment Li Houjian 2018, 39(11): 158-165.  Abstract ( 257 )   using governor's turnover data match with the data of Chinese manufacturing firms about business environment quality provided by World Bank, this paper empirically explore the relationship between governor's turnover, bank credit and firm R&D investment. We find that both governor's turnover and bank credit significantly promote firm R&D investment. In addition, governor's turnover which is a strong exogenous shock strengthens the positive effect of bank credit on firm R&D investment. However, both governor's turnover and bank credit have heterogeneous direct and interactive effect on firm R&D investment in firms of different sizes. the results suggest that enriching and promoting the institutions of governor's turnover have important practical implications to accelerate the implementation of innovation-driven development strategy. Related Articles | Metrics

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Academic entrepreneur’s role, entrepreneurial orientation and university spin-offs’ performance Yi Chaohui, Guan Lin 2018, 39(11): 166-176.  Abstract ( 233 )   The growth of university spin-offs, as the main way to the commercialization of R & D results, has become a hot issue in the domestic and international academics. Based on the perspective of role identity, the paper empirically examines the relationships among academic entrepreneur’s role, entrepreneurial orientation, university spin-offs’ performance by using the questionnaire survey and structural equation model. The empirical findings based on 203 university spin-offs in China suggest that academic entrepreneur’s role promotes the improvement of university spin-offs’ performance, and academic entrepreneur’s role has a positive effect on entrepreneurial orientation. Moreover, entrepreneurial orientation plays a partial mediating effect between academic entrepreneur’s role and university spin-offs’ performance. Related Articles | Metrics