The employees' taking change is the constructive action to promote organizational functional change, and is a voluntary and active organizational citizenship behavior. Based on social identity theory, the study explored the influence mechanism of spiritual leadership on employees’ taking charge in the Chinese context. Data were collected from 229 R&D employees and their superiors (58 R&D teams) in 38 small and medium-sized science and technology enterprises. The study found that spiritual leadership can indirectly affect employees’ taking charge through their perceived inside status, and the indirect effect depends on guanxi human resource management practices and their own level of role breadth self-efficacy. And results show that when the guanxi human resource management practices is low and the role breadth self-efficacy level is higher, the indirect effect is significant, and employees are most likely to engage in taking charge. The dual-stage moderated mediation model has been validated. This study not only extends the existing theoretical research, but also provides effective guidance for the organization's management practice.