Science and technology inducement prize (STIP) is the non-periodic prize system which collects high-tech achievements in order to solve specific problems. The influence of incentive factors on the participants’ behavior is related to the quality of the reward directly. Especially in different risk constraints, participants will adjust their own behavior. We study the behavior choice of participants under the dual role of risk and incentive factors, that is, the influence of monetary incentives, technical incentives, honor motivation, social capital and social capital on the participants’ behavior. The results show that the participation behavior is positively related to monetary incentives, technical incentive and social motivation. The participation behavior and participation risk negative correlation. Based on this, we should strengthen monetary incentives, and open social financing channels. It’s necessary to develop supporting measures to reduce the risk of participation. Incentive mode should be different based on the type of participants and the project category and so on.