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    01 January 2009, Volume 30 Issue 2 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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    The impact of regional innovation system on FDI inflow and spillover effect
    Wu Xiaobo, Fan Zhigang, Liu Kang
    2009, 30(2): 1-8 . 
    Abstract ( 1861 )   PDF (1012KB) ( 2299 )  
    Abstract: Based on the statistic data from 2000 to 2006, effects of the regional innovation system on the capital input and innovation input from FDI, and the spillover effects of FDI on the productivity and innovation performance of local enterprises are in vestigated. It is found that the regional economic circumstance,regional innovation capacity have positive effect on FDI input and innovation input. The productivity spillover effect of FDI from west countries are negative comparing with the FDI from Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan area in the short term, whereas MNCs from west countries which are comparably more advanced in technology level can improve the technology level of local firms and cause spillover effects in the long terms.
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    Study on dynamic convergence of regional innovation between China and Japan
    Wang Lei, Chen Xiangdong
    2009, 30(2): 9-15 . 
    Abstract ( 1698 )   PDF (1014KB) ( 2297 )  
    The evolution of regional innovation is reflected both by the characteristics of convergence or divergence and spatial interdependence respectively from the time and space perspectives. China and Japan is the representative developing country and developed country from Asia and there are many differences on the development modes and evolution features of their regional innovation. As there are few comparative studies on China and Japan’s regional innovation based on convergence and spatial interdependence, patent application amount is adopted, the index of Gini and Moran I is calculated in order to investigate the evolution characteristics on regional innovation of China and Japan in terms of overall regional convergence, intra-regions convergence, and inter-regions convergence, as well as the spatial interdependence of regional innovation.      
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    Technology spillovers of FDI and its threshold effect of regional innovation capability:An empirical analysis
    Xu Lei, Huang Lingyun
    2009, 30(2): 16-25 . 
    Abstract ( 1968 )   PDF (1133KB) ( 2435 )  
    Abstract: A threshold model is constructed based on Chinese panel data to analysis the technology spillovers of FDI and its “threshold effect” of regional innovation capability. The results show that the technology spillovers of FDI have the “dual-threshold effect” based on the regional innovation capability. Since 1987, most provinces in China have entered into the region of middle innovation capability, so the technology spillovers of FDI became significant in these provinces. However, the technology spillovers effect is absorbed insufficiently, because these provinces have not entered into the region of high innovation capability. The empirical results approve that the “market for technology” strategy should be implemented unceasingly and the regional innovation capability should be improved, in order to absorb the technology spillovers of FDI sufficiently in China.
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    Empirical study on the relationship among technology capability, innovation strategy, and innovation performance
    Peng Can, Yang Ling
    2009, 30(2): 26-32 . 
    Abstract ( 1919 )   PDF (1844KB) ( 3072 )  
    Based on the correlative theoretical research on technology capability, innovation strategy, and innovation performance, a model about these three variables is proposed; corresponding variables and measurement method are chosen on the basis of the model; the data obtained via questionnaire by SEM and software SPSS, AMOS are analyzed, then the theoretical hypotheses as mentioned above are verified.
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    Analysis on affecting factors of R&D investment for Chinese large and medium sized corporations and their technological status in quo
    Zhang Huayao1, Shi Xiaokun2
    2009, 30(2): 33-39 . 
    Abstract ( 1824 )   PDF (1013KB) ( 2186 )  
    The technological status in quo of Chinese large and medium-sized corporations is investigated by analyzing the affecting factors of their R&D investment. The four factors concerning international trade, Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), R&D investment of the government, and the total size of corporations are identified. At first, the instability of parameters and validity of model are checked, and then regression analysis is carried out. By analyzing the technological status in quo, other technical indicators are also applied in combination with regression results. The results show that the technological gap between Chinese corporations and the international level is still notable, besides the Chinese corporations per se have also been greatly polarized in technical levels. The first imperative for most Chinese corporations is building up their R&D system and cultivating their learning capability.
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    Research on enterprise R&D performance measurement implementation and function mechanism
    Liu Jingjian
    2009, 30(2): 40-46 . 
    Abstract ( 1708 )   PDF (1287KB) ( 2011 )  
    The R&D performance measurement is one of the important R&D management and control tools for enterprises. Based on domestic and foreign literature analysis, the function of enterprise R&D performance measurement is refined. Through the description of Q enterprise R&D performance measurement case, the R&D performance measurement plan design and implementation process is analyzed in detail, and the measurement criteria are construced according to enterprise characteristics. Q enterprise case shows that R&D performance measurement could bring its function mechanism into play and promote R&D performance level.
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    The effect mechanism of tacit knowledge transfer in R&D project
    Fan Qiantao, Wang Dacheng
    2009, 30(2): 47-56 . 
    Abstract ( 1678 )   PDF (944KB) ( 2512 )  
    The effect mechanism of project characteristics on the tacit knowledge transfer is studied. Idea generating activities and problem solving activities in New Product Development (NPD) are differentiated. At first, the main effect of project characteristics on the tacit knowledge transfer is inquired into and it is found that the team centralization has a negative relationships with the knowledge transfer, but other project characteristics play positive roles. Then how the task characteristics moderate the effect of project characteristics on the tacit knowledge transfer between the two activities in NPD is compared, and the different roles played by the task characteristics are discussed. At last, the research conclusion is provided.
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    The optimum scale of enterprise cluster and its control: Based on the perspective of value network
    Zhao Hua, Ding Liying, Wang Jinshan
    2009, 30(2): 57-63 . 
    Abstract ( 1671 )   PDF (1540KB) ( 2119 )  
    From the perspective of value network, the optimum scale of enterprise cluster is explored. By means of the gaming between horizontal enterprises of enterprise cluster value network, not only the optimum size is deduced, but also the factors which influence the cluster size are found. Meanwhile, through the analysis on the control behavior of cluster optimum scale, the feasible way to control the cluster scale under both steady and dynamic circumstances is also pointed out.
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    An empirical study on the technological transition based on patents
    Huang Lucheng, Cai Shuang 
    2009, 30(2): 64-69 . 
    Abstract ( 1604 )   PDF (1087KB) ( 2137 )  
     The concept of technological trajectory, technological transition, and operation mechanism of technological trajectory are briefly illustrated by use of technology S-curve, then the limitations of the method of S-curve are explained, patent cited indicators “technology cycle time” are introduced. The assumption is proposed, namely, the change of the “technology cycle time” slope can indicate the upgrading of technology and technological progress. By use of the regression model, the assumption is verified. The relation between technological cyclic time and patent quantity is discussed in the end.
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    Research on a method for building up a patent map based on k-means clustering algorithm
    Qiu Honghua, Yu Xiang
    2009, 30(2): 70-76 . 
    Abstract ( 2023 )   PDF (1249KB) ( 2586 )  
    Abstract: To build up a patent map with patent documents has been one of important means to supervise and realize the developing status quo and trend of technology. The status quo of the research on the patent map at home and abroad is analyzed, the function of patent map is summed up, and a new visualization method for a patent map which represents patent analysis results with considering both structured and unstructured items of each patent document is studied by the adoption of the k-means clustering algorithm and semantic networks; the concrete steps making a patent map which gives a clear and instinctive insight into the targeted technology are suggested.
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    A research of patent alliance member’s patent licensing decision


    Ren Shengce1, You Jianxin2
    2009, 30(2): 77-83 . 
    Abstract ( 1762 )   PDF (882KB) ( 2315 )  
    Abstract: Patent licensing is the core of patent strategy, and the patent alliances are emerging more and more. The patent alliance member’s patent licensing investment strategy is studied. It is shown that the following aspects have clear influence on the alliance member’s optimal investment in licensing respectively: the effect of alliance member’s investment in licensing on the return increment of the alliance, on its return from other patents, on the return of other alliance members, and its share among the total alliance’s return. The substitutive effects of each member’s investment in licensing show no influence on the optimal investment.
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    The influencing factor model for SINPD: An empirical study


    Li Suicheng1, Gu Shanshan1, Wang Qiao2
    2009, 30(2): 84-93 . 
    Abstract ( 1852 )   PDF (958KB) ( 2223 )  
    Based on the research of influencing factors for Supplier Involvement in NPD(SINPD), a model of influencing factors for SINPD is set up. It is proposed that different types of enterprises are different in their SINPD, driving factors and enabling factors also have different effects on their SINPD. Then, the mechanism of influencing factors for SINPD is also validated by questionnaire investigation with a sample of more than 100 firms and by the method of multi-regression analysis.
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    Empirical study on the influence of transformational leadership on enterprise’s technological innovation performance


    Yang Jianjun, Liu Ren, Ma Ting
    2009, 30(2): 94-101 . 
    Abstract ( 2185 )   PDF (1154KB) ( 2785 )  
    The transformational leadership, interpersonal trust, and organization commitment for more than 200 managers and employees from different corporate are investigated through questionnaire. The relationships among transformational leadership, interpersonal trust, innovation culture, organizational commitment, and technological innovation performance are analyzed using correlation analysis and structural equation modeling. The analysis results indicate: (1) transformational leadership has a positive influence on the enterprise technological innovation performance; (2)innovation culture is an intermediate variable between transformational leadership and technological innovation performance; (3)interpersonal trust and organization commitment are intermediate variables between transformational leadership and technological innovation performance; (4) there is positive correlation between innovation culture and interpersonal trust, or organization commitment. At last, it is pointed out that the positive relationship between transformational leadership and technological innovation performance will have a significant meaning to the management practice in China.
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    Active trust and risk control within organizations: A dual perspective analysis



    Wei Huimin, Long Lirong
    2009, 30(2): 102-110 . 
    Abstract ( 1668 )   PDF (1146KB) ( 2574 )  
    Active trust development has become the focus of organizational behavior. The trust advancing in organizations is explored from a dual perspective, that is, the individual view of active trust behaviors and the organizational view of risk control. Then based on the analyses, a dual-path model of trust promoting within organizations is brought forward, in order to facilitate the theoretical research and management practice of active trust development in organizations.
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    A study on the relationship between perception of justice in performance appraisal and organizational commitment
    Zhang Qi1, Chen Jin2, Li Xiaohong3
    2009, 30(2): 111-118 . 
    Abstract ( 1798 )   PDF (1547KB) ( 2645 )  
    A statistical analysis on the relationships between perception of justice in performance appraisal and organizational commitment of S&T personnel with different personal features in Zhejiang province is conducted based on a questionnaire survey. It is revealed that the individual characteristics of different S&T personnel contribute to the striking difference in their perception of justice in performance appraisal and have more correlative with affective commitment than with continuing and behavioral commitment. The study also shows that some of the individual characteristics have a cushiony effect on the relationships between perception of justice in performance appraisal and organizational commitment.
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    Financial distress prediction using grey case-based reasoning optimized by genetic algorithm
    Sun Jie, Li Hui
    2009, 30(2): 119-125 . 
    Abstract ( 2016 )   PDF (1042KB) ( 2707 )  
    Financial distress prediction is a hot topic in both theoretical and plactical area of finance. In order to identify those companies that are possible to fall into financial distress in less than two years, a new method for financial distress prediction is proposed based on grey case-based reasoning whose feature weight vector is optimized by the genetic algorithm. Meanwhile, empirical research is used to provide some evidence. There are four key techniques in the new method, i.e. enterprise case representation for financial distress prediction, k-nearest neighbor case retrieval based on the grey similarity, combination of target case class based on the similarity weighted voting, and feature weight vector optimization based on the genetic algorithm, they have been build up. In the empirical experiment with 270 Chinese listed companies’ one-yearand two yeardata before they become Special Treatment(ST) companies, grid-search technique is utilized to determine parameter values; Leave-One-Out Cross-Validation (LOO-CV) accuracy is employed as an assessment. Experiment results indicate that this new method significantly outperforms multi discriminant analysis, Logistic regression, BP neural networks, and support vector machine.
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    Option-game analysis for the entrance time of R&D projects investment under technologic uncertainty

    Xia Yiqun, Chen Junfang
    2009, 30(2): 126-130 . 
    Abstract ( 1797 )   PDF (934KB) ( 2259 )  
    To be preemptive or waiting? The analysis on the entrance time of R&D project investment using option-game theory shows that the monopoly considers only the value of deferred investment. But there are two types of equilibriums for the duopoly, namely, the cooperative investment equilibrium which is invested later than that for the monopoly when the value of cooperation is always larger than that of preemption investment; and the leader-follower equilibrium when the two types of investment values have an intersection. Moreover, the critical point of investment is advanced because of the competition.
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    Entrance time of window opportunity in the context of discontinuous technological change

    Jiang Lihui1,2, Zhang Pengzhu1 , Gong Yi2
    2009, 30(2): 131-138 . 
    Abstract ( 1925 )   PDF (1777KB) ( 2391 )  
    Technological evolution courses of many industries indicate that discontinuous technology appearance provides opportunity for manufacturing enterprises to re-establish their competitive advantage. Related empirical research indicates that failure rates of investment on R&D and marketing are up to 80%, if selected entrance time of window opportunity is wrong and the window opportunity is less than 3 years. Through constructing model, the dynamic change characteristic of window opportunity is analyzed in the context of discontinuous technological change. Choice of entrance time of window opportunity is affected by technology diffusion, product diffusion, innovation imitational herd behaviors, and the cost for forming first mover advantage. Enterprises should grasp dynamic change characteristic of window opportunity based on their capability to choose the suitable entrance time of window opportunity in order to gain fine innovation performance.
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    A portfolio yield and portfolio risk measuring model based on the credit risk migration
    Chi Guotai, Dong Hechao, Liu Yanping
    2009, 30(2): 139-149 . 
    Abstract ( 1960 )   PDF (1151KB) ( 2552 )  
    Abstract: Considering the effect of credit risk migration on the loan and by introducing the credit risk migration into the calculation of loan’s yield, the corresponding annual expected values of the loan’s yields for various corporations can be obtained. Based on the credit risk migration, a portfolio yield and portfolio risk measuring model is developed. Firstly, it is considered that the credit rating migration has a significant impact on the calculation of the loan’s yield. It can objectively reflect the relation between real yield and risk. As a result, the problem of simply seeking the expected value of each loan’s yield and accordingly ignoring the credit risk migration can be solved. Secondly, based on credit risk migration theory, the default risk and portfolio default risk can be calculated and consequently a measuring model for loan portfolio risk is developed. Therefore, the problem involving default risk ignoring and the irrational measurement of portfolio risk can be solved.
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    A portfolio yield and portfolio risk measuring model based on the credit risk migration

    Chi Guotai, Dong Hechao, Liu Yanping
    2009, 30(2): 139-149 . 
    Abstract ( 2105 )   PDF (1151KB) ( 2991 )  


    Abstract: Considering the effect of credit risk migration on the loan and by introducing the credit risk migration into the calculation of loan’s yield, the corresponding annual expected values of the loan’s yields for various corporations can be obtained. Based on the credit risk migration, a portfolio yield and portfolio risk measuring model is developed. Firstly, it is considered that the credit rating migration has a significant impact on the calculation of the loan’s yield. It can objectively reflect the relation between real yield and risk. As a result, the problem of simply seeking the expected value of each loan’s yield and accordingly ignoring the credit risk migration can be solved. Secondly, based on credit risk migration theory, the default risk and portfolio default risk can be calculated and consequently a measuring model for loan portfolio risk is developed. Therefore, the problem involving default risk ignoring and the irrational measurement of portfolio risk can be solved.
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    Theory and method of environmental performance evaluation for small and medium-sized enterprises
    Hu Jian, Li Xiangyang, Sun Jinhua

    2009, 30(2): 150-156 . 
    Abstract ( 1797 )   PDF (1741KB) ( 2714 )  
    According to the existing problems involving environmental performance evaluation of Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises(SMEs), an evaluation indicator system of environmental performance in SMEs is established in view of evaluation indicator system design principle, which is composed of environmental management performance, operational performance, environmental condition, and environmental profit. A dynamical model on environmental performance evaluation of SMEs based on the secondary relative profit is put forward, which is combined with the basic idea of DEA and GA-BP assessment method. In order to provide the reasonable basis for SMEs taking corresponding measures to improve their environmental performance level, the empirical analysis about 10 SMEs’ environmental performance is carried through and a conclusion is drawn.
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    Study on the termination decision based on emerging technology firm’s signal learning
    Gu Jing, Zhou Zongfang
    2009, 30(2): 157-165 . 
    Abstract ( 1876 )   PDF (1199KB) ( 2199 )  
    The ability to make termination decision is an important index that influences on the venture capital firms’ long term performance. However, present termination decision methods ignore the information release effect during the emerging technology firm development process. Aiming at this problem, the information release during the emerging technology firm development process is induced and analyzed firstly; then the good (bad) signal observed by venture capitalist is chosen as the binary learning signal, three conditions that the good (bad) signal observed along with the emerging technology firm development are considered, from the view of Bayesian posterior estimate, a signal learning model is proposed; the exogenous optimal stopping point is decided according to venture capitalist’s psychological threshold which reflects venture capitalist’s altitude to risk farther more; and an example is given at the end. The model is a dynamic one based on the Bayesian posterior estimate; and it reflects the information dynamic development influences on the following decision. The model provides a theoretical reference for venture capitalist’s termination decision in time, and it also gives a reasonable explanation for the enterpriser’s “window dressing” behavior.
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    Test of a mediation model of supervisory commitment
    Wang Ying, Wang Ya
    2009, 30(2): 166-170 . 
    Abstract ( 1918 )   PDF (946KB) ( 2427 )  
    Based on a sample of 489 employees this paper conducts a empirical study on a theoretical model of the mechanism effect of the supervisory commitment on the turnover intention and orgnization citizenship behavior. All of the variables are significant. And the effects of the significant exogenous variables on the mediate variables and dependent variables, as well as the effects of the mediate variables on the dependent variables, are mostly consistent with the hypotheses derived from the model.
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    Impact of subject well-being on knowledge worker organizational identification
    Wei Jun
    2009, 30(2): 171-178 . 
    Abstract ( 1928 )   PDF (1271KB) ( 2395 )  
    The subject well-being effects on organizational identification are explored. Using a sample of 480 knowledge workers from Beijing, Guangzhou, and Jiangsu, the dynamic relationships among organizational prestige, organizational identification, and positive affect are examined. Results of structural equation modeling reveal that the hypothesized model fits better than alternative models; it indicats that the organizational prestige has the positive affect on organizational identification. And using positive affect as a mediator, the prestige indirectly impacts on the organizational identification.
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    study on the human capital investment model based on real options
    Liu Zeshuang, Zhang Dan
    2009, 30(2): 179-183 . 
    Abstract ( 1829 )   PDF (863KB) ( 2339 )  
    The investment in human capital is irrevocable, and the principal investor is able to decide the timing of investment, therefore, it is necessary to introduce a model of real option theory into the human capital investment. The existing research is participating of the assumption that work is irrevocable, while its conclusions are based on the fact that non-monetary income is tax-free. However, it is considered that the research object should be the investment ineducation by the investor rather than participation in the work; the sinking costs of education investment include increasing education fee and abandoned labor income that are both subject to the tax rate change. The results show thatthe existence of the real option value makesindividuals invest in higher education even more hesitant, as a result that theyneed to increase the required return on investment. In addition, the existence of the real option value would reduce the influence of investment return on human capital. Furthermore, the tax rate will affect the investment costs, thereby will affect investment decisions.
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    Contingency incentive and optimal performance appraisal system design
    Ma Jun
    2009, 30(2): 184-192 . 
    Abstract ( 1933 )   PDF (1041KB) ( 2500 )  
    The traditional control-oriented Performance Appraisal System (PAS) doesn’t adapt to the current organizational strategy that requires rapid response to the customer and self-management of the individual in the knowledge age. Most existing researches on PAS rigidly emphasize structural design which is lack of probing into the effectiveness of PAS under the different contexts. By adding a constraint condition-commitment constraint into the basic mechanism design model which includes two constraint conditions, namely, the individual rationality and incentive compatibility, an incentive-performance model is constructed, and an optimal PAS design model under three situational contexts is deduced. The conclusion is that there is a reverse substitution relationship between performance-control, social-control, and self-restraint. Therefore, an appropriate PAS design can excavate some implicit value-driven factors, such as the staff’s creativity, organizational cohesion, and team synergy though vision inducement, culture edification, and self-driven and promote the enterprise creating values at a higher level.
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