Innovation resources are the material basis for carrying out R&D activities and obtaining innovation output. However, researchers have found that in some contextualization, abundant innovation resources lead to the decline of innovation performance and the phenomenon of “resource curse”. And appropriate governance environment can alleviate the curse which brought by innovation resources. Therefore, the governance environment variables are brought into the research field, so as to further clarify the ways of Governance and approaches to cope with the innovation resource curse though exploring the interaction mechanism between the governance environment, innovation resources and innovation performance.Through collecting data of innovation resources and governance environment in 31 province, innovation resources include R&D personnel (PI), R&D funds (FI) and external technology introduction (IET), and governance environment includes market-oriented process (MAR), government intervention (GI) and legal environment (LE). With qualitative comparative analysis (QCA) method, develop its advantage on the research of asymmetric relations and the lower limit of sample size. Analyzes the utility of innovation resources and governance environment combination on innovation output, explores the antecedent conditions of innovation output input caused by innovation resource input in different government governance environments, and finally obtains five antecedent conditional configurations. By combination of configurations, find that combinations with higher utility output efficiency can be divided into three types include systematic legal support (including research and development personnel and the rule of law environment as core existence condition), competitive market driven model (including research and development personnel, research and development funds input and the marketization process as core existence condition) and the type of drive mode (including the marketization process and the degree of government as core existence condition, the rule of law and the external environment as core non-existence condition).The results show that in the governance environment, government intervention is an important condition for obtaining innovative output. Based on the development status of China's innovation activities, innovative enterprises need the government's macro-control of innovation activities, and guide the input of personnel and funds through government policies. Achieve the purpose of supporting innovation activities. The degree of marketization plays a key role in overcoming the curse of innovation resources. In an environment with a high degree of marketization, both personnel input and capital investment can improve the efficiency of resource allocation and increase innovation output by freely flowing in the market. Legal system construction can create a good environment for innovation, but it needs to take into account the development status of regional innovation. The strict legal environment is suitable for innovation leading areas, while the backward areas can gradually improve the legal system in a gradual way, so that innovation ability and governance environment can becoordinated. The introduction of external technology is likely to cause a decline in the ability of enterprises to innovate. Among the three innovative resources, researcher input and research funding are important foundations for innovation activities, and the introduction of external technology is likely to lead to crowding out effects and external dependence, resulting in a decline in corporate innovation capabilities. The results of research provide an effective reference for the further optimization of the allocation of innovative resources and improving the level of innovation governance.