Abstract: What kind of development models on earth have been taken in the less developed areas which have successfully gone through innovation and entrepreneurship strategy? What is the way in which the choices of the models are influenced and the way it is optimized? However, previous studies have not yet made a more profound explanation and answer. Based on the respective models and data of innovation and entrepreneurship development in Nanchang, Zhengzhou and Guiyang, this study summarizes the development patterns and optimization of the implementing of innovation and entrepreneurship in China. The theoretical development model shows that the foundation of improving innovation and entrepreneurship in less developed areas is to identify the potential advantages of regional development. The potential advantage in less developed areas is achieved by optimizing the human power, capital, carrier, technology, system and cultural elements. To promote the development of innovation and entrepreneurship in less developed areas, the corresponding policy system need to be established and improved to guide the allocation of the factors and resources. In the meanwhile, physical platform and Internet virtual platform also need to be built to bring spatial agglomeration. Also importantly, the cultural atmosphere of innovation and entrepreneurship will enhance the intrinsic motivation of the factors. Compared with the existing theory and practice, which focuses on the developed areas, the analysis based on models in less developed areas can macroscopically bring light on the "black box" of the model selection of innovation and entrepreneurship.

Key words: less developed areas, innovation and entrepreneurship, factor optimization, case study