A 3-dimensional model, namely the Elements-Competence-Propensity Model, abbreviated as ECP model, is proposed which features in inclusiveness and systematicness in explaining patent surge issues. Any driving factor will exert an influence on patent growth via, at least, one of the 3 dimensions. Based on the ECP model, the driving paths and mechanisms of various factors on patent growth are revealed by means of the System Mechanics Method. An important implication of this paper is that, a good or health policy should start from improvement of elements input or/and innovation competence, rather than enhancement of patent propensity unilaterally.