In the era of new media, communication capability of science and technology is extremely important to evaluate regional development of science and technology and national soft power. This paper adopts project pursuit model and stochastic frontier approach to comprehensively examine China’s regional communication capability of science and technology in the era of new media, and discusses its significant influential factors further. The results show that: (1) China’s regional communication capability of science and technology descends from the east to the west; (2) Key factors including economic progress, High-tech development, population quality, government support, education importance and informationization degree are positively promoting China’s regional communication capability of science and technology; (3) Economic progress and informationization development have remarkable effects on China’s communication capability of science and technology, and there is a regional disparity between highly developed areas and underdeveloped western regions. Corresponding suggestions for identifying regional orientation and enhancing communication capability of science and technology are given at last.