Industry-university-research cooperation is an important part of the national innovation system, which plays a significant role in enterprise technological progress, scientific research development in higher educational institutions, and social development of science and technology. This paper discusses the influence factors of cultivating innovative talents in the process of industry-university, and effects of cultivating innovative talents for cooperation, and mediating role of cooperative training process and adjustment role of innovation environment. The paper selected the research object from colleges and universities and high-tech enterprise employees and their leaders, then collected data and carried on empirical analyses through questionnaires. The results show that environmental support for industry-university-research cooperation, input degrees and output have positive effects in the cooperation performance of cultivating innovative talents; the cultivating process of industry-university-research cooperation play a partial mediating role between the effect of cooperative cultivating factors and cultivating effectiveness; and the adjustment effect of the innovation environment is significant, in other words, the more favorable the innovation environment, the more conducive it will enhance the effectiveness of cultivating innovative talents.