External innovation atmosphere has an important impact on service innovation performance, but an in-depth exploration of its specific working mechanism is still lacks. Based on relevant literature review from domestic and overseas, this paper presents an integrated framework for analyzing external innovation atmosphere, ambidextrous learning capacity and service innovation performance. By conducting an empirical study of 212 sample KIBS enterprises, the results indicate that: (1) Policy atmosphere, competitive atmosphere and cooperative atmosphere all have significant positive effects on service innovation performance; (2) Knowledge acquisition and knowledge utilization both have significant positive effects on service innovation performance; (3) The interaction between knowledge acquisition and knowledge utilization negatively affects service innovation performance; (4) Knowledge acquisition plays a complete intermediary role between policy atmosphere, competitive atmosphere and service innovation performance, The effect of cooperative atmosphere on service innovation performance requires the complete mediating effect of knowledge acquisition and knowledge utilization.