Military and civilian dual-use technology can meet the urgent need for in-depth integration of military and civilian, and the military industry groups’ military and civilian dual-use technology promotion ability has an important impact on China’s military and civilian dual-use technology promotion. Through constructing military industry groups’ military and civilian dual-use technology promotion ability evaluation index system, and using  the combination weights-Topsis method, this paper evaluates China’s top ten military industrial groups’ military and civilian dual-use technology promotion ability. The results show that China’s top ten military industrial groups’ military and civilian dual-use technology promotion ability shows obvious difference in level; the groups’ strategy management ability, personnel support ability, technology development and improvement ability, group industry characteristics, the amount of military tasks, group technology characteristics are main influencing factors of the military and civilian dual-use technology promotion.