Chinese Postdoctoral Science Foundation (CPSF) is an important part of Chinese Postdoctoral System. It has become one significant source of research fund from central government for postdoctoral researchers since it was established in 1985. Based on the performance evaluation of CPSF’s requirement and characteristics, an evidence based evaluation design approach of CPSF’s funding and management performance evaluation framework is proposed. It also construct the CPSF’s program evaluation index system. Then it does performance evaluation empirical research on CPSF for the first time. All finding indicates that CPSF has formed complete funding system. CPSF plays an important role in cultivate high-level talents and achieve scientific creativities. Finally this paper puts forward some policy proposals on funding mode and type.