Abstract: According to the meaning of scientific development concept, namely, insisting on human-oriented, comprehensive, coordinated and sustainable development, the science and technology evaluation indicators system suited for provinces in China is constructed through the selecting and screening of science and technology indicators. According to the evaluation guidelines which include input of S&T, output of S&T, the influence of S&T on economy, the influence of S&T on society, the maximizing deviations method is used to give weights to each indicator, the grey relational analysis is adopted to give scores to each indicator, an evaluation model is set up based on grey relational analysis. Ward cluster is employed to analyze the regional characteristics of 14 typical provinces in China. The main contributions of the study lie on four aspects: firstly, the science and technology appraising indicator system which represents the meaning of comprehensive, coordinated and sustainable development is sep up to reflect the principle of scientific development view. Secondly, ward cluster is used to find out the non-balance character of China’s regional science and technology development. Thirdly, the maximizing deviations method is employed to give weights to each indicator in order to avoid the randomness caused by ensuring the weights subjectively. Fourthly, the indicator patent authorization amount is adopted to substitute patent authorization ratio to avert from the phenomenon existing in undeveloped regions that both the patent application amount and patent authorization amount are low, however the patent authorization ratio is high.