Abstract: Cooperative R&D is one of the important motivation by which strategic alliances are formed between competitors. As a result, it is a meaningful task to measure and evaluate these R&D activities in such alliances. Furthermore, the designing and choosing evaluation methods is the focal point and difficult point of research. The efficiency evaluation of competitive strategic alliances is explored using Data Envelope Analysis (DEA) method, and the affection of such alliances on R&D efficiency in the medicine industry is compared using the Malmquist DEA model. At last, the R&D efficiency level in the present competitive strategic alliances is estimated. Results show that the total research efficiency and industrial technological level can be improved to a large extent through cooperation R&D with competitors. It has an instructive meaning to firms on how they can improve their technology innovation ability.