Abstract: Theories on knowledge management and research results on the relationship between knowledge management and new product development performance are reviewed, and then the conceptual model for assessing the correlation between organizational factors and knowledge management on new product development performance is developed on the basis of various hypothesis. Aviation enterprises and scientific research institutions were selected for a questionnaire survey and evaluated. The verification results indicate that all the knowledge management method aspects and organizational factor aspects have a significant effect on new product development performance. Organizational structure and culture factors have significant effect on the knowledge management. But IT factor do not affect the knowledge management obviously. The main reason for this is the inconvenievut use of IT tools. The statistics results can provide some valuable hints for aviation enterprises and scientific research institutions to implement knowledge management.