The management of industrial chain has become an important means of promoting the development of vegetable industry. First, the organizational efficiency assumptions model of vegetables industry is constructed, and a questionnaire and survey program is designed, and a comprehensive survey obtained 79 samples inside wholesale vegetable market in Nanjing is carried out. Then, by means of principal component analysis and reliability analysis of the survey data for the effectiveness test, the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) is established to test the validity of the mutual relationships between the various factors, and ultimately the quantitative evidence for strengthening the organizations of vegetable industrial chain is provided.