Wanxiang Group is an advanced manufacturing enterprise. Its three key paths of self-determined innovation capability promotion are analyzed in depth by combining the innovation theory, the competence theory of firm, and the case study method. The three key paths include (1) implementing strategic leadership effectively, (2) cultivating organizational structure and corporate culture supporting innovation, and (3) building and perfecting self-determined innovation system that the corporate technology center serves as core and is based on an organic combination of university, industry, and institute.