数字经济和共享经济背景下，平台模式成为理论界和实践界关注的焦点.平台生态系统价值共创区别于一般的价值共创活动，是由平台企业主导，生态系统各利益相关者通过竞合互动和资源整合而共同创造价值的动态过程.平台生态系统价值共创研究呈现多学科交叉融合的特点，现有研究缺乏从理论逻辑、研究重点到发展趋势的系统性回顾.本文首先对平台生态系统价值共创的内涵和特征进行界定，对关键因素和过程机制进行阐述；在此基础上，按照平台生态系统竞合关系、平台生态系统协调治理、平台商业模式创新三个主题对现有研究进行述评；最后，结合平台生态系统动态化、网络化特征、不确定环境和数字化背景提出未来可能的研究方向.

相较传统研发机构，新型研发机构具有资源整合、功能集成、网络放大等平台属性功能，尤其体现在科技企业孵化方面。研究试图从平台生态系统视角构建平台组织属性对新型研发机构价值创造影响的理论框架，包括以平台类型、平台功能等为核心的内部结构，以平台开放为基础的平台外部互动和治理机制等，都将影响新型研发机构的价值创造。在此基础上，利用科技部2020年4月对全国1458家新型研发机构调查数据展开实证分析，识别何种新型研发机构在价值创造方面有比较优势。结果表明，从平台类型看，事业单位类型占优；从平台功能看，集科学研究-技术创新-研发服务为一体的集成化功能占优；从平台开放看，创建创新联盟、高水平创新平台和企业服务网络占优；从治理机制看，按照市场化手段实施理（董）事会治理占优。上述研究结论对于制定新型研发机构发展的针对性政策具有指导意义，对促进区域经济高质量发展具有一定的参考。

The competitive advantage of platform ecosystem is the ability of value creation between platform organizations and complementary organizations. The existing literature mostly studies platform enterprises, and divides the types of value creation into two categories: Service-Dominant(S-D) logic and Customer-Dominant(C-D) logic. However, different value creation activities carried out by varies types of platforms often have significant heterogeneity. NRDI is a platform organization integrating R&D, technology transformation, business incubation and R&D services constructed by the government, industry and university with a "triple helix" structure. NRDIs can effectively use and integrate the resources of the platform sponsors, and frequently interact with external organizations as the core of value exchange in the platform ecosystem. Compared with traditional R&D institutions, New R&D Institutions (NRDIs) have platform attributes such as resource integration, function integration and network amplification effect, especially in the incubation of science and technology enterprises. The complexity of value creation caused by the heterogeneity of the characteristics and platform types of NRDIs requires further investigation. On this basis, our research attempts to construct a theoretical framework about the impact of platform organizational attributes on the value creation of NRDIs from the perspective of platform ecosystem. In the conceptual framework, we analyze factors affecting NRDIs’ value creation, including the internal structure of platform types and functions, as well as external interaction and governance mechanisms. Using the survey data of 1458 NRDIs in China conducted by the Ministry of science and technology in April 2020, we apply empirical analysis to identify which NRDIs have comparative advantages in value creation. The value creation of NRDIs is measured by the number of enterprises incubated by NRDIs. There are four independent variables: platform type, platform function, platform openness and governance mechanism. Among them, platform type is set as a virtual variable, followed by public institutions, private non-enterprise and enterprise, while the other internal variable, platform function, includes three variables, scientific research, technological innovation and R&D services. The three variables reflecting the openness of the platform are: the establishment of organizational innovation alliance, the establishment of innovation platform and the establishment of service network, and each variable has corresponding sub-variables. The variables representing the openness of platform are: organizational innovation alliance, innovation platform and the service network. The variables representing the governance mechanism are actual (board) governance and no actual (board) governance, which are also dummy variables. Results show that platform type of public institutions, platform function of integrating scientific research, technological innovation and R&D service, platform openness of innovation alliance, high-level innovation platform and enterprise service network, governance mechanism of the implementation of board governance according to market-oriented means are dominant. Based on the above empirical conclusions, we also put forward policy suggestions, such as encouraging NRDIs to actively undertake R&D projects at national and local levels, to actively participate in the formulation of industry standards, to establish R&D service networks with small and medium-sized enterprises, and building a high-level innovation platform. The conclusions have guiding significance for formulating targeted policies for the development of NRDIs and have a certain reference for promoting the high-quality development of regional economy.

运用扎根理论的方法，通过对市外淘园AFA社区商务平台相关资料进行详细编码，提炼出驱动平台型企业内在发展的“开放、共生、协同”三大内在动因属性，并从平台参与者视角出发着重探讨案例企业在文化、技术及数据3个方面的赋能作用，深入剖析了社区商务生态体系下平台型企业在“价值共创、资源共享、理念共通”等多层次路径下的价值共创机制。然后，依托扎根编码归纳出的9个核心范畴，构建了社区商务平台协同赋能与价值共创机制的整合模型框架，为平台型企业协同赋能与价值共创的形成机制和作用过程提供了新的理论解释，也为平台型企业的持续发展提供理论支撑和可借鉴经验。

By using the method of grounded theory, and coding the relevant information of Shi Wai Tao Yuan AFA community, this paper extracts three attributes that driving the internal development of platform enterprises, and they are: openness, symbiosis and collaboration; also this paper focuses on discussing the empowerment function in the field of culture, technology and data of the case enterprises. Furthermore, to deeply explore the multi-level path of value co-creation mechanism in platform enterprises of value co-creation, resource sharing and common ideas. Based on the nine core categories of coding work, this study constructs the framework of collaborative empowerment and value co-creation mechanism of community business platform, explains the formation mechanism and action process of platform enterprise collaborative empowerment and value co-creation, as well as provides theoretical basis and reference experience for the sustainable development of platform enterprises.

Companies across industries are shifting toward a platform ecosystem strategy. By leveraging cloud computing technologies, companies aim to benefit from collaboration with a wide range of third-party developers within emergent platform ecosystems. To succeed, these companies need to develop new organizational capabilities to co-create and capture value in platform ecosystems. To understand what capabilities are crucial to establish platform ecosystems and how they contribute to value co-creation and value capture, we conducted a multi-year, in-depth case study of SAP’s cloud platform project. We identified (1) technology-related capabilities (cloud-based platformization, open IT landscape management) and (2) relationship-driven capabilities (ecosystem orchestration, platform evangelism, platform co-selling) and illustrate how these capabilities help the platform owner to enable and balance value co-creation and value capture in an emergent platform ecosystem. With our findings, we contribute to the discussion on how companies can overcome the challenging emergent phase of platform ecosystems. We thereby bridge literature on value creation in platform ecosystems and on organizational capabilities. Though we conducted our study in the context of the enterprise software industry, we discuss how our findings apply to prospective platform owners from different contexts.

在平台经济崛起的背景下，互联网平台凭借所处生态系统中的枢纽地位、独特的信息数字技术及强大的资源整合能力，向平台上经营的企业进行“赋能”，引起了学界的关注。从赋能理论和价值共创理论整合的视角出发，研究了平台赋能对于企业绩效的影响，探究了价值共创所发挥的中介效应。基于对690份出口跨境电商开展的问卷调查，实证研究结果表明:平台赋能显著提高了出口跨境电商的绩效，价值共创的三个子维度即共同制定计划、共同解决问题和灵活做出调整，在平台赋能对出口跨境电商绩效的正向影响中，发挥了部分中介作用。研究揭示了平台赋能对于企业绩效的影响机制，为企业通过有效与平台开展价值共创，充分利用平台赋能作为创新发展的驱动提供了有益的启发。