科研管理

科研管理 ›› 2025, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (11): 42-53.DOI: 10.19571/j.cnki.1000-2995.2025.11.005

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

后发企业关键核心技术突破路径研究——以长安汽车发动机技术为例

饶扬德1，邹盈1，刘鹏1，黄煊1，甘秀梅2，赵璐3   

  1. 1.重庆工商大学管理科学与工程学院，重庆400067；
    2.重庆工商大学工商管理学院，重庆400067；
    3.北京建筑大学城市经济与管理学院，北京102616
  • 收稿日期:2025-03-03 修回日期:2025-08-06 接受日期:2025-08-08 出版日期:2025-11-20 发布日期:2025-11-07
  • 通讯作者: 饶扬德
  • 基金资助:
    教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目：“技术会聚的内在机制及其对关键核心技术突破的影响研究”（23XJA630003,2023.10—2026.09）；重庆市教育科学规划重点课题：“成渝地区双城经济圈高效协同创新体系构建研究”（K23YD2080098,2023.09—2026.10）；2023年重庆市教育委员会人文社会科学研究规划重点项目：“重庆领军企业破解关键核心技术‘卡脖子’问题的机制及路径研究：基于跨界协同创新与数字赋能双视角分析”（23SKGH150,2023.04—2025.06）；重庆市社会科学规划项目：“开放式创新模式下重庆市高新技术企业技术能力成长机制及路径研究”（2022NDYB45,2022.09—2024.06）；重庆工商大学研究生“科研创新项目”：“数据要素赋能技术会聚：机理及实现路径”（yjscxx2024-284-153，2024.05—2026.04）。

Research on the breakthrough path of core and key technologies for latecomer enterprises: A case study of Changan Auto′s engine technology

Rao Yangde1, Zou Ying1, Liu Peng1, Huang Xuan1, Gan Xiumei2, Zhao Lu3   

  1. 1. School of Management Science and Engineering, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing 400067, China;
    2. School of Business Administration, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing 400067, China;
    3. School of Urban Economics and Management, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 102616, China
  • Received:2025-03-03 Revised:2025-08-06 Accepted:2025-08-08 Online:2025-11-20 Published:2025-11-07

摘要：     后发企业关键核心技术突破对国家实现科技自立自强与产业升级至关重要。本文以长安汽车发动机技术为例，运用纵向单案例研究方法进行探索性分析，以此构建后发企业关键核心技术突破路径的演化过程模型。研究发现：后发企业关键核心技术突破的动力来源于内外生双轮驱动机制；其突破路径表现为“显性技术牵引-隐性能力跃迁”的突破模式，呈现出四阶段动态演进目标，显性技术实践演化历经“广度搜索-知识吸收-深度积累-知识创造-系统集成-本地引领”的渐进式突破路径，驱动隐性能力体系完成“技术基础能力构建-技术创新能力培育-技术集成能力构筑-全球竞争能力跃升”的层级跃迁；技术创新能力遵循“知识吸收-深度积累-知识创造”的培育逻辑，铸就了后发企业关键核心技术向外突破与向内深耕的双重势能；“显性技术牵引-隐性能力跃迁”突破模式引发了“企业-市场”的双向重构效应，一方面推动组织惯例从模仿适应向标准定义转变，另一方面触发传统市场架构解体，表现出“创造性毁灭”的动态重构过程。旨在为后发企业突破关键核心技术“卡脖子”困境、锻造自主可控技术创新链提供实践范式，助力创新驱动发展根基的夯实与产业价值链跃升的微观实践落地。

关键词: 关键核心技术, 后发企业, 显性技术, 隐性能力, 突破路径

Abstract:     The breakthrough of core and key technologies by latecomer enterprises is crucial for achieving national technological self-reliance and industrial upgrading. This study adopted a longitudinal singlecase research approach, and examined Changan Auto′s engine technology to construct an evolutionary process model of breakthrough paths for core and key technologies in latecomer enterprises. The research findings are as follows: (1) the impetus for core and key technology breakthroughs stems from a dual-driven mechanism that combines exogenous and endogenous factors; (2) the breakthrough path follows an "explicit technology traction-implicit capability leap" model, exhibiting a four-stage dynamic evolutionary goal; (3) explicit technological practices evolve progressively through the sequence of "extensive search-knowledge absorption-deep accumulation-knowledge creation-system integration-local leadership",  driving the implicit capability system to achieve hierarchical leaps from "technical foundation building-innovation capability cultivation-integration capability construction-global competitiveness ascension"; (4) technological innovation capability develops following the logic of "knowledge absorption-deep accumulation-knowledge creation", establishing latecomer enterprises′ dual momentum for outward breakthroughs and inward refinement; and (5) the "explicit technology-implicit capability" breakthrough model triggers bidirectional restructuring between "firm-market" systems, organizationally shifting practices from imitation and adaptation to standard-setting while structurally disrupting conventional market architectures, manifesting a "creative destruction" dynamic. This study will offer latecomers a practical paradigm for breaking the chokehold on core and key technologies, thus forging their own autonomous innovation chains, and facilitating the micro-level upgrading of industrial value chains.

Key words: core and key technology, latecomer enterprise, explicit technology, implicit capability, breakthrough path