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27 April 2013, Volume 34 Issue 4 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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Impact of technological innovation network position on network routines:taking inter-organizational trust as a mediative variable Dang Xinghua, Sun Yonglei 2013, (4): 1-8.  Abstract ( 3826 )   PDF (1012KB) ( 3585 )   Even though network routines are considered to be the core elements to maintain and coordinate the technological innovation network, currently, there are few studies on this subject. The discrepancy impacts of different-typed network positions and inter-organizational trusts in the technological innovation network on network routines are focused, theoretical hypotheses are proposed on the basis of the related literatures; and with the help of SPSS17.0, an empirical test is conducted by surveying on technological innovation networks in Xi’an High-tech Park. The results show that both network position and inter-organizational trust is significantly positive correlated with network routines, and cognition-based trust acts as a partial mediator between network position and network routines. However, there is an insignificant relationship between structural hole and emotion-based trust, and only the cognitive-based trust has a partial mediative effect on the relationship between structural holes and network routines. The results are helpful to further explore the factors influencing the formation of network routines, and are of great importance to understand innovation cooperating behaviors of firms in-depth. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The synergetic development of technological innovation system in high-tech industries-takingChinese manufacture of aircrafts and spacecrafts as an example Jia Jun, Zhang Zhuo, Zhang Wei 2013, (4): 9-15,59.  Abstract ( 1960 )   PDF (1641KB) ( 2814 )   Technological innovation system could be divided into two subsystems, namely, product innovation system and process innovation system. Based on the dual paired theory, a product innovation system (or process innovation system) is divided into state subsystem which is characterized by product innovation performance and behavior subsystem which is measured by resource synergy. The dual characteristics of the innovation systems are analyzed. Based on the theoretical analysis, a system synergetic degree model for the technological innovation is established. Then, the data of technology activities in aircrafts and spacecrafts manufacture from the years of 1995 to 2008 is used to measure the synergetic degree of technological innovation in the industry. The results show that technological innovation system of aircraft and spacecraft manufacture has a relative low synergetic development level as whole. Furthermore, increasing synergetic level of process innovation resource will become an important task in the future. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The technology diffusion of national heart cities and regional economicgrowth- taking Beijing and Shanghai as example Xu Zhi, Jiao Xiuhuan, Zhu Guilong 2013, (4): 16-23.  Abstract ( 1922 )   PDF (1098KB) ( 2607 )   The technology diffusion effect of Beijing and Shanghai on reginal economic growth is compared through SEM and GWR model of spatial economic analysis with 31 provincial panel data from the year of 2000 to 2009. The result shows that for the most of provinces in China, the more technology diffusion from Beijing and Shanghai is, the more it promotes local economic growth. And as a whole, local economic growth effected by Beijing is higher than that by Shanghai. However, comparing with the technology diffusion of Beijing and Shanghai, local R&D and foreign technology diffusion have higher effect on local economics. In addition, the effect on local economic by the technology diffusion of Beijing and Shanghai changes with the geographical distance. This result confirms that as national heart cities, Beijing and Shanghai really play a guiding role in national economic growth. However, the elasticity values of technology diffusion for Beijing and Shanghai are still at a low level. And both technology diffusion radiation radius of Beijing and Shanghai are small, which means that provinces located around the two heart cities receive the most of their technology diffusions. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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How to motivate discontinuous innovation: A case study from the perspective of organizational learning Feng Junzheng, Liu Yang, Wei Jiang 2013, (4): 24-33.  Abstract ( 2161 )   PDF (1111KB) ( 2863 )   Whether discontinuous innovation is an engine for firms’ long-term success during institutional transition or just a trap? The decision and implementation process of discontinuous innovation in Nandu Battery Company is analyzed. The results show that when facing a discontinuous innovation, a firm might take advantage of ambidextrous balance strategy in extant technology fields, making a balance between raw material innovation and product architectural innovation, maintaining the existing market and exploring new niche markets. While in emerging technology fields, the firm might take gradually complete substitution strategy instead, which extensive knowledge search, unplanned organizational learning, and innovative culture cultivation are critical factors for accelerating the success of discontinuous innovation. Moreover, discontinuous innovation promotes the transformation and substitution of old technological capability, offers sharp technology performance improvements, and constructs new value networks. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Comparison of industry innovation system between communicationequipment sector and pharmaceutical sector in China Ren Shengce 2013, (4): 34-42.  Abstract ( 2076 )   PDF (1389KB) ( 3134 )   Communication equipment and pharmaceutical are two key high-tech sectors supported by Chinese government during their development. There are obvious differences in the innovation between these two sectors. Nowadays, communication equipment sector has stronger ability to innovate than the pharmaceutical sector has in China. Using industrial innovation system framework, the innovation gap between these two sectors is explained. The differences in the knowledge base, the behavior individual and network, and the institution base between these two sectors explain why communication equipment sector has higher innovative capability than pharmaceutical sector has to a certain degree. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The integration evaluation between industrialization and informatization in China Zhang Yilong, Cui Qiang 2013, (4): 43-49.  Abstract ( 2202 )   PDF (978KB) ( 2865 )   Firstly, the definition of integration degree between industrialization and informatization and the definition of integration efficiency between industrialization and informatization are proposed according to the real situation in China. Secondly, an evaluation model for the integration degree between industrialization and informatization is constructed; based on synergy degree evaluation model, the integration degree in China during the period of 2003-2010 is evaluated. Thirdly, according to the definition of integration efficiency between industrialization and informatization, a total factor evaluation index system for integration efficiency is established from the aspects of input and output, and a benevolent Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) model is used to evaluate the integration efficiency between industrialization and informatization in China during the period of 1997-2010. The results show that the integration degree has been increased, however the integration efficiency has been decreased, and the phenomenon that the integration is "big but not strong, more many but not better" is prominent. Finally, some decision-making suggestions for China on the integration development between industrialization and informatization are proposed. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The relationship among social capital, dynamic capabilities, and enterprise innovation Zeng Ping, Deng Tengzhi, Song Tiebo 2013, (4): 50-59.  Abstract ( 2197 )   PDF (1145KB) ( 2844 )   The importance of the relationship between social capital and enterprise innovation has been generally accepted; however the empirical research results on social capital and enterprise innovation are unable to provide the consistent support so far. At an angle of inner dynamic capability, through literature research and rationale combination, a theoretical model involving the relationship between social capital and enterprise innovation with dynamic capability as a mediative variable is built. Then with data collected from 166 enterprises in Guangdong Province, an empirical research is carried out. It is proved that social capital has an insignificant direct impact on enterprise innovation, but social capital could indirectly promote enterprise innovation by introducing dynamic capabilities as a mediative variable. Furthermore, the different dimensions of social capital indirectly impact enterprise innovation with varying degrees, in which business social capital has most indirect impact, following by institutional social capital, and technical social capital has the lowest impact. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Government-industry-university-research-user synergy anduniversity knowledge innovation chain efficiency Yuan Changhong, Sun Huijuan 2013, (4): 60-67.  Abstract ( 2696 )   PDF (1071KB) ( 6335 )   Using Stochastic Frontier Approach (SFA), the synergetic impact of government-industry-university-research-user on the university knowledge innovation chain output and its efficiency is empirically examined. The results show that the central and local governments have different effects on the university knowledge innovation chain;The funds afforded by enterprises and institutions can not promote the increase of university paper output, however they have a significant positive effect on the number of patent applications in university; user needs have both positive effects on the efficiencies of patent licensing and technical transfer income of university. Finally, based on the results, the relevant policy implications and suggestions are given. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The interaction between technical patents and technical standards Zhang Mier, Guo Wei, Ji Yong 2013, (4): 68-73.  Abstract ( 2142 )   PDF (902KB) ( 2750 )   In recent years, with the growing integration of technical patents and technical standards, it is necessary to clarify the interaction between them. By taking telecommunication as the research sample, cointegration analysis and error correction model are employed to infer the data of long-term time series. It shows that there is a long-term stable dynamic equilibrium relationship between technical patents and technical standards. The results of Granger causality show that there is a significant causal relationship between technical patents and technical standards. Technical patents have a positive effect on technical standards, which indicates technical patents are the foundation for technical standards. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The upgrade mechanism of China’s traditional manufacturing industryin the region of Yangtze River Delta based on NVC Qian Flanging 2013, (4): 74-78.  Abstract ( 1837 )   PDF (1082KB) ( 2783 )   In recent years, low-end locking phenomenon of manufacturing industry and its upgrading path in the region of Yangtze River Delta has become one of hot topics in the field of China’s manufacturing industry development research. China’s forceful implementation of boosting domestic demand and accelerating consumption structure upgrade process strategies together with the quickening of regional integration of Yangtze River Delta offer a unique historical opportunity for traditional manufacturing industry in the region of Yangtze River Delta to realize its industrial upgrade through National Value Chain (NVC) establishment. The main obstacles faced by traditional manufacturing industry in the region of Yangtze River Delta in its upgrading process to high-end activities of global value chain are analyzed from the perspective of value chain. By formulating theoretical analysis model, the upgrade mechanism of regional traditional manufacturing industry is test based on the theory of NVC; the main paths to upgrade traditional manufacturing industry in the region of Yangtze River Delta are also explored. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Local and ultra-local business network, absorptive capability, and clustered firms’ upgrading Dai Weiqi, Lin Qiao, Wei Jiang 2013, (4): 79-89.  Abstract ( 1907 )   PDF (1415KB) ( 2925 )   Drawing upon perspectives from research fields, such as innovation, economic geography, global value chain, etc, the relationship between local and ultra-local business networks and upgrading of clustered firms is theoretically constructed, two competing hypotheses are proposed. Invoking dynamical capability theory, the mediative role of absorptive capability between business network and the upgrading of clustered firms is explored. Using a sample of 171 clustered firms from Zhejiang Province, the empirical study indicates that ultra-local network plays a relatively important role in shaping the upgrading of clustered firms, and absorptive capability completely mediates the relationship between ultra-local business network and upgrading. By providing first-hand empirical evidence, the contribution involving the debates on the relative importance of local and ultra-local network to upgrading is made. In addition, the internal mechanism which business network promotes the upgrading of clustered firms is explored, revealing the logic behind the phenomenon. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The mutual relationship among external network, internal resource, and competitiveness of enterprises Hu Ping, Wen Chunlong, Pan Dibo 2013, (4): 90-98.  Abstract ( 2124 )   PDF (1366KB) ( 2770 )   Based on the survey data of enterprises related to information industry in Xi’an High-tech Zone, a relational model and theoretical assumptions which contains the relationship between the enterprise external network, enterprise internal resources, and enterprise competitiveness is proposed. Varieties of statistical methods are applied to test the hypotheses. Results are as follows: (1) the external networks have a significant direct impact on the enterprise resources. Furthermore, there is a certain correlation between the external network and enterprise competitiveness. The direct impact of enterprise resources on the competitiveness is the most significant, and there is a strong correlation between resources and enterprise characteristics. (2) The external networks have an indirect impact on the enterprise competitiveness. The different dimensions of the network have different effects on the innovation ability and market profitability of enterprise. Also, the analysis confirms that the different dimensions of the network have an indirect impact on sales growth ratio and fixed assets growth ratio through enterprise internal resources. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The impact of research stress on the academic misconduct of PhD candidates Zhang Yongjun, Liao Jianqiao, Zhao Jun 2013, (4): 99-107.  Abstract ( 2080 )   PDF (992KB) ( 2484 )   On the basis of theory analysis, a model involving the academic misconduct attitude of PhD candidates caused by research stress is built and all hypotheses have been tested by using data collected from 234 PhD students. Results show that there is a significant positive correlation between research stress and academic misconduct attitude, the partially mediative role of research self-efficacy between research stress and academic misconduct attitude is observed. It does not find the moderative effect of mentor instruction on the relation between research stress and research self-efficacy, however, the negative moderative effect of academic misconduct by classmates near them on the relation between research self-efficacy and academic misconduct attitude is discovered. Finally, the research conclusion, suggestions, and limitations are pointed out. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The utilization evaluation for large-scale scientific instruments based on rank-sum ratio model Zhang Xuecheng, Han Congying, Zhao Tong, Yang Haizhen 2013, (4): 108-114.  Abstract ( 2030 )   PDF (915KB) ( 2413 )   Large-scale scientific instruments are the important scientific and technological resources. Making a comprehensive evaluation on the utilization of large-scale scientific instruments should be the basis for the rational allocation and effective management of equipment. Rank-Sum Ratio (RSR) method is a set combining respective advantages of parametric statistics with non-parametric statistics in one statistical analysis method, and is able to make a comprehensive evaluation on various indicators of multiple objects. Based on the relevant data collected from project of China’s Large-scale Scientific Instruments Resources Survey (2009) sponsored by the Ministry of Science and Technology Platform, a RSR evaluation model is established to make the comprehensive evaluation on the utilization of China’s large-scale instruments. The evaluation results are relatively integrative and comprehensive. It possesses an important reference value for finding out the utilization situation of China’s large-scale-scale instruments and promoting the relevant management policies and systems that bring large-scale equipment into play. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The allocation efficiency of S & T resources at agricultural and forestry universities Yang Chuanxi, Xu Wanqiang, Zhang Junbiao 2013, (4): 115-122.  Abstract ( 2102 )   PDF (962KB) ( 2729 )   The allocation efficiency of S&T resources at agricultural and forestry universities is important, which will affect the efficiency of agricultural S&T resources system. Applying Malmquist index of DEA, the allocation efficiency of S&T resources at agricultural and forestry universities is measured, the results show that from the year of 1993 to 2009, the average technical efficiency increased by 1.1 percentage points, indicating that agricultural and forestry universities have improved the allocation efficiency of S&T resources, however, there are differences between them. The total factor productivity at agriculture and forestry universities falls by an average 1.4 percentage points, the decline is mainly due to a significant reduction of technological progress rate. Scale efficiency value of agriculture and forestry universities is relatively high, which is rational in a sense. China Agricultural University and Nanjing Agricultural University possess plenty of S&T resources and the allocation efficiency is relatively high. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Temporal-spatial evolution features of R&D efficiency in Chinafrom the perspective of geographic spillovers Shen Neng 2013, (4): 123-130.  Abstract ( 1821 )   PDF (1039KB) ( 2576 )   The R&D efficiency in the various regions of China is evaluated and the spatial R&D efficiency patterns are summarized by means of the super-efficiency DEA model. In the meantime, a convergence approach is applied to analyze the temporal-spatial evolution features of R&D efficiency. Finally the reasons for the R&D efficiency difference between regions are studied using the spatial econometric models. The results are listed as follows: The features of "club convergence" are presented among the regions,in which different regions converge to the different equilibrium levels; Geographic R&D efficiency spillovers between adjacent regions really exist; The factors of FDI,foreign trade,and human capital have positive impacts on the R&D efficiency; The spillover effects from the FDI and foreign trade could be strengthened by the human capital accumulation. Therefore, according to the status quo of R&D activity, local governments should strengthen the R&D cooperation between adjacent regions to achieve the optimal allocation of R&D resources. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The status quo of shared scientific data resource in earth systemscience field based on metadata analysis Liu Runda, Lin Haiqing, Zhao Yanping 2013, (4): 131-136.  Abstract ( 1810 )   PDF (1039KB) ( 2764 )   By capturing and processes the metadata information on earth system science field data resources under China Scientific Data Sharing Project (SDSP), the statistic analysis on the metadata is conducted from different angles. The basic status quo of scientific data resources in earth system science field under SDSP is given. Then, the features of institutions for data collection, production, and publish as well as their geographical relations are focus on. The conclusion shows that scientific data sharing in this field has formed certain model involving data collection, production, and publish; regional distribution of data resources and relevant institutions has shaped a certain pattern. However, the quantity of shared scientific data resources in earth system science field is small, the management and sharing of scientific data is at its initial stage. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Function mechanism of laboratory director in the development of Cavendish Laboratory Wei Huai’an, Hu Yanhui 2013, (4): 137-143.  Abstract ( 2006 )   PDF (1278KB) ( 2553 )   Being a shrine for the physicists in the world, the innovational development of Cavendish Laboratory is inseparable from the illustrious leadership of James Clerk Maxwell, Joseph John Thomson, Ernest Rutherford, and other outstanding laboratory directors. By studying the 141 years history of Cavendish laboratory, the crucial effect of laboratory directors has on the entire process of innovational development of Cavendish Laboratory is found, by using methods of guiding mechanism on innovation orientation factor model, rallying mechanism on innovation talents factor model, financing mechanism on innovation funds factor model, modeling mechanism on innovation culture factor model, training mechanism on innovation successors factor model, namely, 5M-5F mechanism model, the evolution and ascension of independent innovation capability of the laboratory are promoted. The result brings the role of laboratory directors into full play and some useful enlightenment is provided to strengthen independent innovation capability of State Key Laboratory in China. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The impact of threat perception and resource access of survivalemployees after firm downsizing on creativity Long Jing, Li Jia, Zhu Fengling 2013, (4): 144-150.  Abstract ( 1975 )   PDF (950KB) ( 2331 )   The impact mechanism of threat perception on the employees’ creativity after high-tech firm downsizing is examined. Based on the survey with a big sample, it is found that first, if employees consider downsizing as an opportunity (or threat), then they would exhibited greater (or less) creativity after downsizing; second, resource access has a positive impact on employees’ creativity; and third, resources access moderates the relationship between threat perception and self-perceived creativity in such a way, that is, comparing with employees who think downsizing as an opportunity, the employees who think downsizing as a threat experience greater creativity when resource access is high than when resource access is low. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Optimal contract allocation in collaborative services under adverse selection framework Zhang Zongming, Liu Shulin, Liao Xiuwu 2013, (4): 151-160.  Abstract ( 1816 )   PDF (1603KB) ( 2520 )   Considering the problems of bilateral moral hazard and adverse selection in collaborative services, an adverse selection model based on principal-agent theory is proposed to reveal the actual ability of the service provider. The research conclusions indicate that the optimal menu of contracts is able to credibly identify the service provider’s type and could motivate the involved parties to work diligently. Furthermore, the analyses show that in the condition of asymmetric information, the service provider with high ability gets extra information rents and the customer suffers losses due to the inferior position of information. Finally, the results demonstrate that under symmetric information, the sharing ratio of service providers is only dependent on the output sensitivity to the effort of collaborative parties. However, under asymmetric information, the sharing ratio for the service provider with the high ability remains unchanged, and the sharing ratio for the service provider with the low ability is distorted downward and affected by both the ability ratio of the two types of service providers and the ex ante belief of customers. References | Related Articles | Metrics