The key to promoting high-quality development in China lies in implementing the strategy of innovation-driven development. However, there are obvious differences in development levels between different regions in China, posing new challenges to innovation subjects in how to accelerate their integration into the new regional development pattern and improve their innovation performance. "SRDI" middle and small-sized enterprises emphasize the competitive strategy of the Porter market segmentation dimension, which is closer to the current situation of industrial development in China and deeply integrates into regional development. It is at the core link of the regional industrial chain and has gradually become the key carrier to implementing the regional innovation-driven development strategy and achieving high-quality development. Reviewing existing studies, there is no relevant research focusing on the relationship between regional high-quality development and innovation performance of "SRDI" middle and small-sized enterprises around differentiated development situations of different regions in China, so it can′t provide guidance for these small and medium-sized enterprises to break through existing development bottleneck, accelerate their integration into new regional development pattern, and improve their innovation performance.In view of this, this research analyzes the internal mechanism of the whole process of high-quality development in different regions affecting their innovation performance on the basis of analyzing the current development situation of "SRDI" middle and small-sized enterprises in different regions in China. Results show that: first, development advantages of a single dimension or some of the dimensions of high-quality development can′t be converted into advantages of cultivation efficiency; at the same time, differences in economic development efficiency between different regions have an impact on the cultivation of these enterprises. Second, the innovation emergence of these enterprises can be boosted by improving innovative, coordinated and open development levels in the process of regional high-quality development. Third, the improvement of green and shared development levels in the process of regional high-quality development can′t effectively promote the innovation emergence of these enterprises.The innovation of this paper is mainly embodied in the following aspects: First, other than the existing literature on regional innovation systems that pays less attention to the innovation subjects and the development level of China, this paper focuses on the impact of regional high-quality development on innovation performance of "SRDI" middle and small-sized enterprises. Second, different from existing literature that doesn′t clear the embedded environmental boundary, this paper matches regional high-quality development and data related to the innovation output of "SRDI" middle and small-sized enterprises at the provincial level and tests the relationship between the two. Third, this paper has found that not all dimensions of high-quality development can promote the innovation performance of these enterprises; in addition to the possible shortcomings of such enterprises themselves, it may also be that relevant factors related to such innovation subjects have not been paid attention to in the process of deconstructing the partial dimension of regional high-quality development.