Abstract:     In the rapid development of digital economy, data has become the pivotal driver of new quality productive forces (NQPF). However, the existing research lacks systematic integration of the correlation mechanism between data and NQPF. This paper reviewed relevant literature following the logic of "Connotation Evolution—Characteristics Analysis—Mechanism Overview—Framework Integration". The results showed that: (1) The evolution of data′s connotation in terms of information resource carrying, value form transformation and factor integration is highly consistent with NQPF′s essential requirements; (2) The inherent characteristics of data have reshaped the productivity growth logic, providing a new paradigm for enhancing NQPF; (3) Data′s role exhibits multifaceted effects across economic dimensions: at the microlevel, it is the coexistence of productivity enhancement and the "digital paradox"; at the meso-level, it drives industrial restructuring while exacerbating market imbalances; and at the macro level, it raises the challenge of imbalance while promoting economic growth; and (4) Synthesizing existing findings, this study innovatively proposed an integrated framework of "factor—technology—organization—pattern", thus revealing data′s transition from "factor empowerment" to "systemic emergence" in driving productivity. Through this review, we have advanced theoretical construction from factor deconstruction to framework integration and will outline future research directions to inform theoretical innovation and policy formulation in this field. 

Key words: data element, production factor, new quality productive force, literature review