Science Research Management

Science Research Management ›› 2021, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (2): 149-160.

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Impact of service environment on entrepreneurial orientation of new entrepreneurs

Huang Yongchun1,2, Zhang Weijia1, Xu Junhai3   

  1. 1. Business School, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, Jiangsu, China; 
    2. World Water Valley and Water Ecological Civilization Collaborative Innovation Center, Nanjing 211100, Jiangsu, China;
    3. Jiangsu Association of Social Science, Institute of Society Science Research, Nanjing 210013, Jiangsu, China
  • Received:2019-03-11 Revised:2019-08-07 Online:2021-02-20 Published:2021-02-23

Abstract:

At present, although our governments at all levels have set up a variety of entrepreneurship service platforms, some new entrepreneurs are trapped in excessive capacity expansion or R&D inefficiency because of the imperfect service environment such as R&D transfer and institutional support, and the lack of differentiated and hierarchical entrepreneurship services, as well as the weak product R&D capabilities of new enterprises. The dilemma of low rate restricts the construction of entrepreneurship economy in China. Therefore, based on GEM data, through theoretical analysis and empirical research, this paper deeply explores the impact mechanism of social and cultural environment, R&D transfer environment, intermediary service environment and institutional support environment on entrepreneurial orientation of new entrepreneurs, and analyzes the heterogeneity of service environment on different entrepreneurial orientation, to provide theoretical guidance and policy recommendations for the optimization of China′s entrepreneurial service environment.
    This paper matches GEM′s NES and APS databases, as well as the World Bank databases, and obtains the unbalanced panel data of 42 countries (regions) from 2001 to 2016.  The empirical results we obtained on the direct effects are as follows:
    (1) Social and cultural environment has a significant positive impact on scale expansion orientation and product development orientation. 
    (2) R&D transfer environment has a significant positive impact on both scale expansion orientation and product development orientation. 
   (3) The intermediary service environment has a significant positive impact on the scale expansion orientation and product development orientation. 
   (4) Institutional support environment has a significant positive impact on scale expansion orientation and product development orientation. 
  And the mediating effect is as follows: service environment can promote entrepreneurs′ perception of entrepreneurial opportunities, improve their perception skills, enhance risk tolerance, expand their relationship networks, and improve their entrepreneurial self-efficacy, thus affecting the choice and implementation of entrepreneurial orientation for new entrepreneurs.

Key words:  service environment, new entrepreneur, entrepreneurial orientation, entrepreneurial self-efficacy