While the rapid progress of China′s science and technology has attracted great international attention, the subject of how to train world-class scholars remains an important one that plagues China′s scientific community. The process of cultivating world-class scholars is affected by many factors, and the experiences of neighboring countries frequently receiving Nobel Prizes in natural sciences provide us with good references. 

This article analyzes trends in the Japanese government′s scientific research system and mechanism reforms, and focuses on JST′s scientific research management mechanism and the funding of strategic basic research. Factors such as the existence of professional scientific research managers with the ability to identify talent and technologies, and effective tracking services, appear to play key roles in Japan′s frequent wins of Nobel Prizes in natural sciences.

〖JP3〗For the training of world-class scholars in my country in the future, this article proposes the following policy recommendations:〖JP〗

First, implement top-level design of the scientific research system. Normalize the working mechanism of the inter-ministerial joint meeting of the National Science and Technology Program Management, gather government leaders, entrepreneurs with business achievements, and experts and scholars with academic attainments, so as to better focus on major issues, strengthen collective decision-making, and form a joint management force. Top-level design and implementation of innovation-driven development strategies play a central role. At the same time, according to the world′s scientific and technological development direction and China′s scientific research advantages, the cultivation of world-class scholars as a clear strategic goal is written into the scientific and technological plan according to the research field.

Second, increase the intensity of setting up strategic basic research projects. Under the guidance of the government, track and analyze new trends in domestic and foreign technological innovation and social development, and carry out technology forecasting and international comparison of technologies, advanced research and judgment, early deployment, and support for important scientific fields and major scientific research issues. Through the establishment of strategic basic research projects, achieve forward-looking basic research, leading to major breakthroughs and original achievements, resulting in socio-economic transformation, scientific and technological innovation, and a new generation of world-class scholars.

Third, in the implementation of strategic basic research projects, try to introduce a management system with the core of Bole project as the core. Try to establish a top-level expert database by the Ministry of Science and Technology and the National Natural Science Foundation of China, and directly appoint the project leader based on the expert′s research level, research horizon, ability to organize and develop young researchers, and peer evaluation. In addition to being responsible for the operation and management of the entire project, providing overall research ideas, formulating research plans and carrying out fund management, the project leader should also perform the function of a review expert and assemble excellent scientific research talent across departments and fields. In the process of project implementation, the project leader is given the greatest authority.

Fourth, implement flexible and follow-up management for basic research projects, and solve the difficulties and pain points in project implementation in a timely manner. For projects that have scored well in their evaluation, try to set a buffer period of 1 to 5 years after the end of the project period to continue funding and give the research results a cultivation period. At the same time, a full follow-up service model should be adopted for key projects. The scientific research fund management department sends management personnel to the project implementation unit to take practical measures to coordinate and solve problems that arise in the progress of the project and provide institutional guarantee for the key funded scientific research projects.

〖JP2〗Fifth, build a team of professional scientific research managers who can tap high-potential talent and technologies. In order to form a professional team of scientific research management personnel, hire employees with work experience, especially those with R&D experience in universities and enterprises, and at the same time increase the exchange of personnel between the fund management department and universities, enterprises, and overseas counterparts. Establish a perfect training mechanism internally.