New digital empowerment ventures and their digital innovation activities are crucial for the integration of digital and physical realms and the development of new quality productive forces. However，due to the disadvantages of start-ups and the complexity of the digital innovation process，the outcomes of digital innovation in new digital empowerment ventures are often highly uncertain. Lean startup，as a crucial strategic approach to managing uncertainty，plays a significant role in optimizing the structure of new digital-enabled ventures and improving digital innovation performance. Based on the "strategy-structure-performance" paradigm，this study constructed a relational model between lean startup，modular architecture （including modular product architecture and modular organizational architecture），and digital innovation performance of new digital empowerment ventures. By conducting the hierarchical regression and bootstrap analysis of the data collected from 267 new digital empowerment ventures，the study found the following results： （1） Lean startup has a strong positive effect on the digital innovation performance of new digital empowerment ventures；（2） Modular product architecture and modular organizational architecture respectively play a mediating role in the relationship between lean startup and digital innovation performance of new digital empowerment ventures；and （3） Modular product architecture and modular organizational architecture act as a chain mediator between lean startup and digital innovation performance of new digital empowerment ventures. This study has clarified the mechanism by which lean startup influences the digital innovation performance of new digital empowerment ventures，thereby extending the research on lean startup and digital innovation. Additionally，it will provide theoretical basis and decision-making reference for the integration of digital economy and physical economy in China.