"A favorable environment attracts talents". Creating a good business environment is the key to promoting the aggregation of enterprises′ scientific and technological innovation talents, which is of great significance for enterprises to experience a transition from traditional development models to innovation-driven models. Based on the ecosystem theory, this study employed the fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) to explore the configurational effects of urban business environment ecosystems on the aggregation of enterprises′ scientific and technological innovation talents. The findings revealed that: (1) the aggregation of enterprises′ scientific and technological innovation talents is not dominated by any single business environment factor but is influenced by the configuration of multiple factors; (2) business environment factors combine to form three pathways for the aggregation of enterprises′ scientific and technological innovation talents: "financial and governmental security driven by market and innovation environments", "legal and governmental security supported by the market", and "a collaborative drive of financial services with legal and governmental environments"; and (3) although no single business environment factor is a necessary condition for the aggregation  of enterprises′ scientific and technological innovation talents, the government-led administrative environment plays a more universal role. These findings has enriched the antecedent research on the aggregation of enterprises′ scientific and technological innovation talents and they will provide policy implications for cities aiming to "build nests to attract phoenixes" by optimizing the business environment ecosystem.