A research on the evaluation of enterprise value-added efficiency under homogeneous competition——A case study by taking Chinese listed port enterprises as an example

Abstract

Abstract: The homogeneous competition has become the most significant commercial competition problem in the new economic era. Enterprises have fallen into a "black hole" of homogeneous competition due to structural convergence, low business differentiation, similar investment, etc. Homogeneous competition makes it difficult for enterprises to convert scale advantages into high-quality value creation capabilities. Based on the background of homogeneous competition, this paper closely combines the analysis of enterprise value chain with the actual situation of Chinese ports, and decomposes and refines the value-added process of port enterprises into two stages: production operation and profit transformation. In the first stage, the production operation efficiency mainly refers to the ratio between port production and the input of infrastructure and labor. In the second stage, the profit transformation efficiency is the ratio between economic return and port production. Then, use the number of berths (X1), the number of bridge cranes (X2) and the number of employees (X3) are used as the input variables of the port value chain, affecting the source of value added; the main business income (Y1) and net profit (Y2) are used as variables of value output to reflect the value creation ability of the port operation; the container cargo throughput (Z1) which has an intermediary role in the two-stage value creation process of the port- directly reflects the production capacity of the port, and at the same time serve as a direct source of port economic benefits -is used as an intermediate variable. Based on the above indicators, the relevant data of 12 major listed port companies in China from 2012 to 2016 were collected for overall and phased evaluation of value-added efficiency by constructing a two-stage network-DEA evaluation model. Finally, combined with the characteristics of port enterprises, the panel Tobit model is used to further study the impact of environmental factors on the value-added efficiency of port enterprises, such as ownership structure, port enterprise scale, port service level, hinterland economic level, collection and distribution capacity, location advantage.According to the evaluation results of value-added efficiency in this study，there are three conclusions as follows：(1) By combining the theoretical method with the actual situation of the development of Chinese port industry, and using the relevant data of Chinese listed port enterprises for empirical analysis, it is verified that the homogeneous competition is one of the reasons for the generally low value-added efficiency of enterprises. (2) In the staged efficiency evaluation, it shows that homogenization competition only has a significant impact on a certain stage of enterprise value appreciation. For example, the homogeneous competition of Chinese port enterprises significantly affects the production level of enterprises, which indirectly affects the ultimate value creation ability. (3) The extension of the traditional value-added efficiency evaluation to two-stage is more in line with the objective characteristics of the value-added process and is conducive to the screening of the key stage of value-added.According to the evaluation of the efficiency of the value-added process and the refinement of the influencing factors of value-added efficiency, the following four inspirations for enterprises to enhance the value-added efficiency in the homogeneous competition scenario are suggested: (1) It is necessary for enterprises to analyze the value-added process in the dilemma of homogenization in stages, and to dig deep-seated reasons for the low value-added efficiency. (2) Try to use efficiency evaluation and other methods to screen key stages of the value-added process and develop targeted improvement strategies. (3) Analyze the logical relationship between the key stages of value added and the final value performance of the enterprise under the homogeneous competition, clarify the direct and indirect effects, and formulate differentiated development strategies respectively. (4) Scientifically restructure the enterprise value chain, expand the derived value of products or services, realize effective collaboration through the resource element sharing mechanism, and eliminate the adverse effects of homogeneous competition by creating a value ecosystem and value network system.

Key words: homogeneous competition, value added, port enterprises, network DEA

Han Bing, Liu Fangming, Kuang Haibo. A research on the evaluation of enterprise value-added efficiency under homogeneous competition——A case study by taking Chinese listed port enterprises as an example[J]. Science Research Management, 2021, 42(4): 55-64.

References

[1] 罗晓辉,胡珑瑛,万丛颖. 结构趋同与“优势企业扶持”政策的创新激励效应——来自于地方政府同质化竞争的解释[J].管理世界,2018,34(12):181-183.

Luo Xiaohui, Hu Longying, Wan Congying. Structural convergence and the innovation incentive effect of “advantageous enterprise support” policy[J]. Management World,2018,34(12):181-183.

[2] 熊艳,李常青,魏志华.恶性竞争的触发及约束机制研究——基于“3Q大战”的案例[J].经济管理,2017,39(08):72-85.

Xiong Yan, Li Changqing Wei Zhihua. Research on trigger and discipline mechanisms in cutthroat competition——the case study of Tencent-Qihoo 360 spat[J]. Business Management Journal,2017,39(08):72-85.

[3] Kopel M, Bischi G I, Gardini L. On new phenomena in dynamic promotional competition models with homogeneous and quasi-homogeneous firms[J]. Lecture Notes in Economics and Mathematical Systems, 2000, 484: 57-87.

[4] Nur Fatehah H. The optimization of Warehouse Management System (WMS) to increase the efficiency & effectiveness of production process in an automotive company[J]. Advanced Materials Research, 2013,807-809(9):2868-2871.

[5] Kang K N, Park H. Influence of government R&D support and inter-firm collaborations on innovation in Korean biotechnology SMEs[J]. Technovation, 2012,32(1):68-78.

[6] 刘满凤, 李圣宏. 基于三阶段DEA模型的我国高新技术开发区创新效率研究[J]. 管理评论, 2016,28(01):42-52.

Liu Manfeng Li Shenghong. Innovation efficiency evaluation of hi-tech development zones based on the three-stage DEA model[J]. Management Review, 2016,28(01):42-52.

[7] 肖仁桥, 陈忠卫, 钱丽. 异质性技术视角下中国高技术制造业创新效率研究[J]. 管理科学, 2018,31(01):48-68.

Xiao Renqiao, Chen Zhongwei, Qian Li. China's high-tech manufacturing industries' innovation efficiency: technology heterogeneity perspective[J]. Journal of Management Science, 2018,31(01):48-68.

[8] 匡海波, 陈树文. 中国港口生产效率研究与实证[J]. 科研管理, 2007,28(5):170-177.

Kuang Haibo, Chen Shuwen. The production efficiency of chinese ports: an empirical investigation[J]. Science Research Management, 2007,28(5):170-177.

[9] Martínez-Budría E, Díaz-Armas R, Navarro-Ibañez M, Et Al. A study of the efficiency of Spanish port authorities using data envelopment analysis[J]. International Journal of Transport Economics, 1999,26(2):237-253.

[10] 鲁渤, 汪寿阳. 中韩集装箱码头运营效率的比较研究[J]. 管理评论, 2017,29(05):175-182.

Lu Bo, Wang Shouyang. A comparative study of the container terminal operating efficiency between China and South Korea[J]. Management Review, 2017,29(05):175-182.

[11] Wanke P F, Barros C P. Public-private partnerships and scale efficiency in Brazilian ports: evidence from two-stage DEA analysis[J]. Socio-Economic Planning Sciences, 2015,51:13-22.

[12] 王燕, 吴蒙. 我国港口上市公司效率研究——基于两阶段网络数据包络分析模型[J]. 中国流通经济, 2016,30(5):53-61.

Wang Yan, Wu Meng. Study on the efficiency of china listed port companies based on network DEA-Tobit model[J]. China Business and Market, 2016,30(5):53-61.

[13] 刘丹, 潘晓, 巩彦峰, 章敏敏. 基于多时期网络DEA的港口企业运营效率评价[J]. 武汉理工大学学报(信息与管理工程版), 2017,39(05):587-592.

Liu Dan, Pan Xiao, Gong Yanfeng, Zhang Minmin. Evaluation on operation efficiency of port enterprise based on multi-period network DEA[J]. Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Information & Management Engineering), 2017,39(05):587-592.

[14] 庞瑞芝. 我国主要沿海港口的动态效率评价[J]. 经济研究, 2006(6):92-100.
Pang Ruizhi. Dynamic evaluation of main sea ports in mainland china based on DEA model[J]. Economic Research Journal, 2006(6):92-100.

[15] 毕功兵, 罗艳, 郭晓丹, 梁樑. 中国港口生产效率再评价[J]. 科研管理, 2010,31(01):20-25.

Bi Gongbing, Luo Yan, Guo Xiaodan, Liang Liang. A reevaluation on the production efficiency of Chinese ports[J]. Science Research Management, 2010,31(01):20-25.

[16] Liu Z. The comparative performance of public and private enterprises: the case of British ports[J]. Journal of Transport Economics & Policy, 1995,29(3):263-274.

[17] Tongzon J. Efficiency measurement of selected Australian and other international ports using data envelopment analysis[J]. Transportation Research Part a Policy & Practice, 2001,35(2):107-122.

[18] 司增绰.港口基础设施与港口城市经济互动发展[J].管理评论,2015,27(11):33-43.

Si Zengchuo. Interactive development of port infrastructure and port city economy[J]. Management Review,2015,27(11):33-43.

[19] Seabrooke W, Hui E C M, Lam W H K, et al. Forecasting cargo growth and regional role of the port of Hong Kong[J]. Cities, 2003,20(1):51-64.

[20] 钟祖昌. 考虑环境效应和随机误差的中国港口技术效率分析——基于三阶段DEA模型的测度[J]. 福建师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版), 2013(02):93-98.

Zong Zuchang. The study of technical efficiency of Chinese port with environmental effects and random error——based on a three-stage DEA model[J]. Journal of Fujian Normal University (Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition), 2013(02):93-98.

[21] 罗俊浩, 崔娥英, 季建华. 基于DEA—TOBIT两阶段法的集装箱港口效率及效率影响因素研究[J]. 科技管理研究, 2013,33(5):236-239.

Luo Junhao, Cui Eying, Ji Jianhua. Analysis on container ports efficiency and its influencing factors on two stage method of DEA-TOBIT[J]. Science and Technology Management Research, 2013,33(5):236-239.

[22] Charnes A, Cooper W W, Rhodes E. Measuring the efficiency of decision making units [J]. European Journal of Operational Research, 1978,2(6):429-444.

[23] Fare R, Grosskopf S. Network DEA[J]. Socio-Economic Planning Sciences, 2000,34(1):35-49.

[24] Kao C. Efficiency decomposition in two-stage data envelopment analysis: An application to non-life insurance companies in Taiwan[J]. European Journal of Operational Research, 2008,185(1):418-429.

[25] Coelli T. A multi-stage methodology for the solution of orientated DEA models[J]. Operations Research Letters, 1998,23 (3–5) :143-149.

A research on the evaluation of enterprise value-added efficiency under homogeneous competition——A case study by taking Chinese listed port enterprises as an example

Knowledge

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

References

Related Articles 5

Recommended Articles

Metrics

[1]	Gao Yunsheng, Zheng Lekai, Li Zhixu. Research on the relationship between integration into GVCs and the technical level of China′s manufacturing export [J]. Science Research Management, 2022, 43(9): 58-66.
[2]	Wang Chujun, Xu Zhi, Chen Liyu. An evaluation of the technology transfer efficiency of research universities in China based on benchmark management: The use of network-based ranking methods [J]. Science Research Management, 2020, 41(3): 183-193.
[3]	Xiao Ting. A research on the effect of replacement of business tax with value-added tax on industrial servitization [J]. Science Research Management, 2019, 40(10): 106-115.
[4]	Qin Rui. The evaluation model and an empirical study of the relative efficiency of national system of entrepreneurship (NSE) based on thenetwork DEA [J]. Science Research Management, 2015, 36(7): 137-144.
[5]	Suo Weilan, Lu Guichang, Chen Rui. A study of efficiency measurement of S&T resource allocation in universities based on the relational network DEA model with shared inputs [J]. Science Research Management, 2015, 36(11): 155-161.