科研管理

科研管理 ›› 2025, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (9): 25-34.DOI: 10.19571/j.cnki.1000-2995.2025.09.003

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

数据要素市场化建设对企业资源配置效率的影响研究

徐晔1，王志超1，陶长琪2   

  1. 1.江西财经大学统计与数据科学学院，江西 南昌330013；
    2.浙江外国语学院国际商学院，浙江 杭州310023
  • 收稿日期:2024-01-23 修回日期:2025-01-03 出版日期:2025-09-20 发布日期:2025-09-09
  • 通讯作者: 王志超
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金面上项目：“制造业高质量发展视阈下创新要素的再配置机理及优化策略研究”（71973055，2020.01—2023.12）；国家自然科学基金地区项目：“数字赋能视阈下创新要素配置促进制造业高质量发展的机制研究”（72163008，2022.01—2025.12）；国家自然科学基金面上项目：“数字经济对产业低碳发展影响机制研究：基于要素融合视角”（72473058，2025.01—2028.12）； 江西省哲学社会科学重点研究基地课题：“新阶段创新要素再配置提升江西省制造业韧性的机制与路径研究”（23SKJD18，2023.10—2025.10）。

Research on the influence of data element marketization on the resource allocation efficiency of enterprises

Xu Ye1, Wang Zhichao1, Tao Changqi2   

  1. 1. School of Statistics and Data Science, Jiangxi University of Finance and Economics, Nanchang 330013, Jiangxi, China; 
    2. International Business School, Zhejiang Foreign Languages University, Hangzhou 310023, Zhejiang, China
  • Received:2024-01-23 Revised:2025-01-03 Online:2025-09-20 Published:2025-09-09

摘要：     提高企业资源配置效率是确保成本控制、提升生产力、增强竞争力的关键。数据作为数字经济时代重要的新型生产要素，企业能否通过数据要素市场化建设赋能其资源配置效率的提升，值得探索。本文基于2011—2022年沪深A股上市公司数据，使用双重差分模型分析数据要素市场化建设对企业资源配置效率的影响。研究发现：（1）数据要素市场化建设显著提高了企业资源配置效率，其影响在市场分割程度高、要素流动强和市场竞争程度高区域和行业中更加明显；（2）数据要素市场化建设对企业资源配置效率的提高作用主要通过成本节约效应和数字技术创新两条路径实现；（3）数据要素市场化建设通过影响企业资源配置效率对总量生产率的年均提升幅度为157%，且整体呈现出先减后增再减再增趋势。本文丰富了数据要素市场化建设经济后果的相关研究，揭示了数据要素市场化建设提高企业资源配置效率的内在作用机理，为进一步提高企业资源配置效率，推动市场经济发展提供经验证据。

关键词: 数据要素市场化, 数据交易平台, 企业资源配置效率, 总量生产率

Abstract:    Improving the efficiency of enterprise resource allocation is the key to ensure cost control, enhance productivity and enhance competitiveness. As an important new factor of production in the era of digital economy, it is worth exploring whether enterprises can improve their resource allocation efficiency through marketization of data elements. Based on the data of Shanghai and Shenzhen A-share listed companies from 2011 to 2022, this paper constructed a dual difference model to effectively test the influence effect and action path of the marketization of data elements on the enterprise resource allocation efficiency. The study found that: (1) the marketization of data elements has significantly improved the efficiency of enterprise resource allocation, and the influence on high degree of market segmentation, strong factor flow and high degree of market competition is more obvious in regions and industries; (2) the marketization effect of data element construction on improving the efficiency of enterprise resource allocation is mainly realized through cost saving effect and digital technology innovation; and (3) the marketization of data elements increases the total productivity by affecting the efficiency of enterprise resource allocation, and the overall trend of first decreasing, then decreasing and then increasing. This paper will enrich the relevant research on the economic consequences of the marketization of data elements, reveal the internal mechanism of the marketization of data elements to improve the efficiency of enterprise resource allocation, and provide empirical evidence for further improving the efficiency of enterprise resource allocation and promoting the development of market economy.

Key words: data factor marketization, data trading platform, enterprise resource allocation efficiency, total productivity