Abstract:     In recent years, with the industrial upgrading urgent needs and the increasing technical complexity products situation, the relationship between synergetic innovation and regional industrial upgrading has gradually attracted the academia attention. Some scholars compare the impact of independent innovation, synergetic innovation and FDI on industrial upgrading, and point out that synergetic innovation has the advantages of sharing costs and resources to promote upgrading. These researches simply excavate the synergetic innovation effect, and have difficulty to answer how to achieve industrial upgrading through synergetic interaction between subjects. To fix it, some scholars try to clarity the relationship among direct and indirect synergetic innovation subjects. However, the above researches mainly focus on the synergy among manufacturing enterprises, universities and government; pay little attention on producer services. With the social division deepening, producer service industry is an important knowledge carrier. It is considered to be an important factor to accelerate industrial upgrading process through producer service and manufacture industry synergy.
   With the development of spatial economics, scholars pay attention to geographic spillover problem. As the household registration opening and information, the innovation factors interregional flow is inevitable, which will accelerate synergy network formation. In other words, industrial upgrading driving effects in one region will have influent in other regions, that is to say, a spatial spillover effect in industrial upgrading process. Current literatures have reached a consensus on spatial spillover on the geographical proximity perspective, but seldom considering innovation factors impact on spatial effects, what′s more, lack in-depth analysis on spatial spillover mechanism. Furthermore, if spatial spillover exists, how large is the spillover effect scope on other regions? Is the driving effect on the industrial upgrading of other regions global or local? Is there any difference between synergy innovation systems for industrial upgrading?
    In order to solve the above problems, this paper puts producer service industry into the synergy innovation category, based on spatial spillover perspective, tries to analyze the synergy innovation systems mechanism on regional industrial upgrading. The complex system coordinated model is adopted to describe the level of the three synergy innovation systems. Then this paper uses the panel space error model (SEM) to empirically test the synergy innovation impact and spatial spillover on regional industrial upgrading in China, and then measure the regional spatial spillover boundary. The last part is the conclusion and policy enlightenment.
    On that basis, this paper analyzes different synergy innovation system mechanism ("university-government-manufacturing", "university-government-producer services" and "university-government-industry" synergy innovation systems) and spatial spillover on industrial upgrading. This paper proposes two research hypotheses. Hypothesis 1: "university-government- manufacturing", "university-government-producer services" and "university-government-industry" synergy innovation system all play active roles in promoting regional industrial upgrading. Hypothesis 2: The synergy innovation and industrial upgrading all have spatial correlation, and the spillover effects are characterized by geographical characters. Subsequently, in the series of complex system coordination and order parameter, the paper calculates the different synergy innovation systems′ synergy degree and then constructed a series of spatial econometric regressions to test the above hypothesizes. All the data in this paper comes from China Statistical Yearbook, China Science and Technology Statistical Yearbook and provincial and municipal Yearbooks. The data time is from 2003-2015. In order to reduce the price fluctuations impact, the variables are converted to constant values based on 2003. Furthermore, the paper uses panel data spatial error model to verify the impact of different synergy innovation and spatial spillover on regional industrial upgrading. After that, the paper discusses the spatial distance and geographical distance differences and finally tests the robustness.
    The empirical research shows that: (1) In the inspection period, the "university- government-manufacturing industry" and "university-government-producer service" synergy innovation system both experienced a trend from initial maladjustment to good coordination, and the latter lagged behind slightly. (2) Considering the spatial relevance, under different spatial weight matrix, each synergy innovation system has a driving effect on regional industrial upgrading, and the "university government-manufacturing" synergy innovation has the greatest impact on industrial upgrading. In addition, the promotion effect of synergy innovation on industrial upgrading in eastern region is higher than that in the central and western regions. (3) The spatial spillover effect is an important way to promote the industrial upgrading in other regions, which is characterized by distance attenuation. The Bohai-Rim region and the Pearl River Delta have formed city circle effect, which is an important way of spatial spillover. 
    This paper has the following implications: (1) Synergy innovation plays an accelerator role in China′s industrial upgrading, which can accelerate R&D process through synergy cooperation and resources integration. (2) Strengthen the synergy agglomeration effect, realize the reasonable local industries layout and narrow the regional gap. (3) We should correctly treat the expansion and reasonable promotion of the metropolitan area, and focus on building an innovation environment.

Key words:  synergetic innovation, spatial spillover, industrial upgrading, composite system