Taking the National Key Research and Development projects as an example, the research on the special projects and implementation of the National Key Research and Development plans mainly focuses on a specific field or a specific organization. However, it is fall short of summarizing and analyzing the common problems of universities in the process of special declaration of the National Key Research and Development projects plans. In this paper, some suggestions and advice are made on the effective participation of universities in the National Key Research and Development projects of universities based on combing the formation mechanism and organizational management characteristics of the National Key Research and Development projects and analyzing the advantages and disadvantages of universities in participating in the National Key Research and Development projects. 

According to the characteristics of the National Key Research and Development projects, including their strategic feature, exclusiveness, and coupling effects, as well as the whole chain innovative design from the front, major general key technology and application examples, and integrated requirements for organization and implementation, the universities should make full use of their advantages of solid foundation, complete disciplines and abundant scientific research personnel to solve the issues of insufficient demonstration ability, low transfer rate of achievements and relatively backward management idea. Based on the advantages and advantages, they should actively strengthen cooperation with scientific research institutes and enterprises, seek breakthroughs, establish and improve the cooperative innovation mechanism of joint tackling key problems of "big corps", construct the management mode of efficient sharing and cooperative innovation, strengthen strategic research, combine their own characteristics and regional characteristics, give full play to their advantages, perfect the relevant system construction, and make the rights, obligations and management procedures of management departments. We should improve the system basis, innovate management methods, and do a good job of service guarantee, so as to focus on improving the original innovation ability of universities and the ability to solve major national needs, accelerate the training of innovative talents, and promote economic and social development.